Psyttalia quadrinervis Long, 2024

Psyttalia quadrinervis Long , sp. nov.

Figures 9 View FIGURE 9 , 10 View FIGURE 10

Type material. Holotype, ♀, “Opii. 107 ” ( IEBR), N Vietnam: Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong NP , Bong center , forest, 20°20’N 105°45’E, 200 m, light trap, 15.v.2015, KD Long. GoogleMaps

Paratype, 1♂, “Opii. 313 ” ( IEBR), SC Vietnam: Quang Ngai, Ly Son Isl., An Vinh , sweep (net), 16.viii.2017, DT Hoa . Paratypes, 2 ♀, “Opii. 114 ” (IEBR), NE Vietnam: Vinh Yen, Me Linh, Ngoc Thanh , fruit orchard, MT, 25.x.2000, KD Long; “Opii. 321 ” ( IEBR), NC Vietnam: Ha Tinh, Huong Son, Vu Quang NP, forest, 18°22’N 106°13’ 450m, sweep (net), 28.ix.2009 KD Long .

Comparative diagnosis. Psyttalia quadrinervis , sp. nov. shares relatively long vein r of fore wing and curved vein m-cu with two species known from China, P. fletcheri , and P. makii , but the new species differs from both by having: 1) vein cu-a of fore wing nearly interstitial (square) or slightly postfurcal ( vs 1-CU1 at most 0.7 × cu-a in P. fletcheri , and about of equal length in P. makii ; 2) first subdiscal cell of fore wing widened posteriorly ( vs first subdiscal cell of fore wing nearly parallel-sided in P. fletcheri and P. makii ); and 3) vein 2-SR+M of fore wing 1.5–2.0 × its maximum width ( vs about twice as long as wide in P. fletcheri and P. makii ). The new species is also close to P. mangiferae , sp. nov. but differs from the latter by having: 1) ventral margin of clypeus convex medially ( vs straight in P. mangiferae ); 2) notauli absent anteriorly and on disc of mesoscutum ( vs notauli anteriorly as pair of partly finely crenulate impressions); and 3) pterostigma broad triangular in shape ( vs narrow triangular in shape in P. mangiferae ).

Description. Holotype, ♀, length of body 4.0 mm, fore wing 4.6 mm, length of visible ovipositor 2.0 mm ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ).

Head. Antenna incomplete, with 43 flagellomeres remaining, flagellomeres bristly; first flagellomere 1.1 × as long as second; length of first and second flagellomeres 2.6 and 2.3 × their width, respectively; length of maxillary palp 1.1 × height of head; in dorsal view, head 1.9 × as wide as long medially; length of eye 3.8 × temple ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ); temple shiny, smooth and with sparse setae; OOL: OD: POL = 7: 5: 3; in lateral view, medially eye 1.5 × as long as wide and 3.2 × as wide as temple ( Fig. 10C View FIGURE 10 ); ventral margin of clypeus convex medially ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); width of clypeus 3.2 × its maximum height, 1.2 × height and 0.8 × width of face, respectively; hypoclypeal depression wide and deep ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); distance between tentorial pits 4.0 × distance from pit to eye margin; malar space narrow, 0.6 × basal width of mandible; clypeus rugulose; face rugo-punctate with distinct raised carina medially ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); mandible not twisted, apically moderately narrowed and with both teeth wide, normal basally and with narrow ventral carina ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); occipital carina remains far removed from hypostomal carina and dorsally largely absent; frons nearly flat, slightly depressed laterally, with round pit between antennal sockets, smooth medially ( Fig. 10A View FIGURE 10 ); vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Laterally, length of mesosoma 1.3 × its height ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ); pronope absent, only with groove; pronotal side largely smooth, but anterior and posterior grooves present, and anteriorly with some crenulae ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ); propleuron flattened; epicnemial area smooth dorsally; precoxal sulcus rather deep and moderately crenulate ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ); remainder of mesopleuron smooth and shiny; pleural sulcus smooth ventrally; mesosternal sulcus narrow and finely crenulate; postpectal carina absent; mesoscutum very shiny and nearly entirely glabrous ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ); notauli only anteriorly as pair of partly smooth impressions and largely absent on disc, mesoscutum flat posteriorly; scutellar sulcus deep and crenulate, concave medially, and 0.2 × as long as scutellum; scutellum slightly convex and smooth, only apically sparsely setose; metanotum with short longitudinal carina anteromedially and short carina posteriorly ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ); propodeum with lateral carinae above spiracle, surface of propodeum smooth, except for some punctures near middle of reversed Y-shaped median carina ( Fig. 10G View FIGURE 10 ).

Wings. Fore wing: 1-SR as long as wide and not linear with 1-M; pterostigma broad triangular in shape; length of pterostigma 3.1 × as long as its width medially ( Fig. 10H View FIGURE 10 ); 1-R1 ending at wing apex and 1.5 × as long as pterostigma; r exiting before middle of pterostigma, not linear with 3-SR; r-m and most of 1-SR+M sclerotized; vein r = 0.9 × 2-SR; vein 2-SR+M of fore wing 1.5 × its maximum width; r: 3-SR: SR1 = 10: 26: 52; 2-SR: 3-SR: r-m = 11: 26: 15; 1-M straight; SR1 evenly curved throughout; m-cu narrowly antefurcal and strongly curved, not linear with 2-SR+M ( Fig. 10H View FIGURE 10 ); subdiscal cell strongly narrowed anteriorly ( Fig. 10H View FIGURE 10 ); M+CU1 widened apically; cu-a short, nearly interstitial, cu-a 0.2 × 2-CU1; only apex of M+CU1 sclerotized. Hind wing with vein 2-M slightly sinuate; M+CU: 1-M: 1r-m = 18: 22: 12; cu-a straight; m-cu and SR absent ( Fig. 10I View FIGURE 10 ).

Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.5, 10.8 and 5.2 × as long as wide, respectively; hind basitarsus 0.3 × hind tibia, and 0.6 × second–fifth tarsus combined; inner and outer spurs 0.5 and 0.4 × basitarsus, respectively; hind tibia and tarsus with long setae.

Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.2 × its apical width, convex medio-posteriorly, its surface largely smooth except coriaceous area medially ( Fig. 10F View FIGURE 10 ), dorsal carinae strong in basal 0.8 of tergite and with depressed area below; second suture indistinct; combined length of second and third metasomal tergites 0.5 × the remaining tergites posteriorly; first tergite smooth basally and apically, superficially sculptured medially; second and following tergites smooth, sparsely setose apically and ventrally.

Colour. Yellow; antenna yellow; head yellow but stemmaticum dark brown; palpi pale yellow; mesosoma yellow; all legs yellow, except hind first–fourth tarsus brown; tegula yellow; pterostigma yellow basally, yellowish brown apically; wing membrane subhyaline, veins brown; metasoma yellow entirely; ovipositor sheath brown; ovipositor yellow.

Variation. Paratypes, 2♀, antenna with 50 flagellomeres; body length 3.3–3.5 mm, fore wing 3.5–3.8 mm, length of visible ovipositor 2.0– 2.3 mm; vein cu-a of fore wing slightly postfurcal or subinterstitial; 2-SR+M of fore wing 1.7–2.0 × as long as its maximum width. Paratype, 1♂, antenna with 48 flagellomeres; length of body 3.4 mm, fore wing 3.1 mm.

Distribution. N Vietnam ( Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong NP), NE Vietnam (Phuc Yen), NC Ha Tinh (Huong Son), SC Vietnam ( Quang Ngai, Ly Son Isl.).

Biology. Unknown.

Etymology. From “quadrus” (Latin for “square”) and “nervus” (Latin for “vein”) because fore wing with square-shaped vein 1-CU1.