Arcania gracilis Henderson, 1893

Arcania gracilis Henderson, 1893 View in CoL

Arcania quinquespinosa View in CoL — Gordon 1931: 527; Shen 1940a: 215; CGS

Tan 1996: 1028, figs. 2b, e, 7F [21°42–46'N, 114°47–50'E]. Arcania gracilis View in CoL — Galil 2001a: 184, figs. 2D, 5D.

Taxonomy: Chen (1989: as A. quinquespinosa ), CGS Tan (1996: as A. quinquespinosa ), Galil (2001a), Chen and Sun (2002: as A. quinquespinosa ).

Type: Syntype ò NHM 1884.34 ( Galil 2001a).

Type locality: Gulf of Martaban, Myanmar.

Distribution: Western Indian Ocean to West Pacific: from Madagascar, Red Sea, Persian/Arabian Gulf, India, to Southeast and East Asia, Australia, New Caledonia and Vanuatu ( Galil 2001a).

Habitat: Subtidal; substrates of sand, mud, shell fragments and coarse sand; depths 21 to 185 m ( Chen and Sun 2002).

Arcania heptacantha De Man, 1907 View in CoL #

Iphis septemspinosa View in CoL — Stimpson 1858c: 161; Stimpson 1907: 157 [not Cancer septemspinosa Fabricius, 1787 ].

Arcania heptacantha View in CoL — Hill 1982: 201, pl. 4C; Shin and Thompson 1982: app.; Davie 1992b: tab. 1; Blackmore and Rainbow 2000: app. 1; SY Lee et al. 2000: tab. 3; Galil 2001a: 187, figs. 2D, 6A; Wong et al. 2021: 16, fig. 27a–c, pl. 5D.

Taxonomy: De Man (1907), Galil (2001a), Chen and Sun (2002).

Type: Holotype ñ RMNH D 42112 About RMNH ( Fransen et al. 1997).

Type locality: Unknown ( Herklots 1861 ( Iphis heptacantha as nomen nudum); Galil 2001a).

Distribution: South China Sea and East Asia: Singapore, South and East China Seas, Taiwan and Japan ( Galil 2001a).

Habitat: Subtidal; substrate soft-muddy or muddy-sandy; depths 6 to 150 m ( Chen and Sun 2002).

Arcania septemspinosa (Fabricius, 1787) #

Arcania septemspinosa View in CoL — Miers 1886: 300; Koelbel 1897: 710; Balss 1922a: 132; Gee 1926: 160 [list; “near Hong Kong ”]; Gordon 1931: 527; Shen 1940a: 215; CGS Tan 1996: 1029, figs. 1D, 2a [21°42'N, 114°50'E]; Galil 2001a: 192, figs. 3B, 7B; Wong et al. 2021: 16, fig. 27d, e, pl. 5E.

Taxonomy: Chen (1989), Galil (2001a), Chen and Sun (2002).

Type: Syntypes in ZMK ( Zimsen 1964), in present NHMD (examined by second author, not studied by Galil 2001a).

Type locality: Indian Ocean.

Distribution: Western Indian Ocean to Central Pacific: from South Africa, Madagascar, Red Sea, Persian/Arabian Gulf, India, to Southeast and East Asia, and northern Australia and Fiji ( Galil 2001a).

Habitat: Subtidal; substrate muddy sand or soft, muddy; depths 21 to 180 m ( Chen and Sun 2002).