Procladius floralis Kieffer, 1915

Procladius floralis Kieffer, 1915 View in CoL

Procladius floralis Kieffer, 1915 — Kieffer (1915b), Faroe Islands, adult male, adult female, description, illustration.

Procladius floralis Kieffer, 1915 — Kieffer (1918a), Faroe Islands, adult male, adult female, key, description.

Psilotanypus floralis (Kieffer, 1915) — Goetghebuer & Lenz (1936a), Faroe Islands, adult male, adult female, key, description.

Procladius sp. — Ratnasingham et al. (2024), Bulgaria, France, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia and Slovakia, adult males, adult females, larvae, photos.

? Trichotanypus abditus Kieffer, 1924 — Kieffer (1924), Germany, adult male, key, description.

? Trichotanypus ploenensis Kieffer, 1924 — Kieffer (1924), Germany, adult male, key.

? Procladius ploenensis ( Kieffer, 1924) — Goetghebuer & Lenz (1936a), Germany, adult male, key, description.

Material examined (n = 15). CZECHIA, 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Franzensbad , Frantiskovy Lazne, 50.12°N 12.34°E, 442 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., v.1879, leg. F. Kowarz GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Cheb district , Udolni Nadrz Jesenice Reservoir, 50.08°N 12.46°E, 437 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., 17.vi.1991, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 2 adult males (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Cheb district , Udolni Nadrz Jesenice Reservoir, 50.08°N 12.46°E, 437 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., 17.vi.1991, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladiu s sp., NHRS), Cheb district, Udolni Nadrz Jesenice Reservoir, 50.08°N 12.46°E, 437 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., 17.vi.1991, leg. Y.Brodin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Cheb district , Lake Vodni Nadrz Skalka, 50.09°N 12.32°E, 439 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., 17.vi.1991, leg. Y. Brodin and M. Gransberg. GoogleMaps — ESTONIA, 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , EAST), Lake Peipsi-Pihkva , 58.83°N 26.96°E, 28 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 16.vii.1980 GoogleMaps , leg. V. Timm and T. Timm .— FINLAND, 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , HECH), Aidassaari , Lake Vanajavesi, 61.17°N 24.08°E, 79 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 12‒15.viii.1978, leg. P.H. Kansanen. GoogleMaps — FRANCE, 2 adult males (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Lake Remoray , 46.77°N 6.26°E, 850 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., iv.2017, leg. B. Tissot GoogleMaps [1 Barcoded ] .— GERMANY, 1 adult male (as P. culiciformis, ZSMG ), Lake Chiemsee , 47.87°N 12.48°E, 518 m a.s.l., +9 °C m.a.t., 9.vi.1988, leg. C. Orendt. GoogleMaps — SWEDEN, 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Lake Boren , Borenshult, 58.57°N 15.10°E, 74 m a.s.l., +6 °C m.a.t., 11.vi.1980, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Lake Hålsjön , Marsveden, 59.81°N 17.24°E, 39 m a.s.l., +6 °C m.a.t., 23.v.1988, leg. J. de Jong GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Lake Färnebofjärden , Edsviken Bay, 60.29°N 16.81°E, 59 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 15.viii.2007, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (as Procladius sp. , NHRS), Eriksberg nature reserve , Lake Färsksjön, 56.17°N 14.99°E, 7 m a.s.l., +7 °C m.a.t., 13.viii.2015, leg. J. Wolgast. GoogleMaps

Diagnostic characters. Figs. 33 View FIGURES 32‒35 , 86‒88 View FIGURES 86‒88 , key couplet 15. P. floralis has a rather long gonostylus process with a GspR that overlaps that of ten other species of Procladius in Europe. Of these, P. tenebricosus , P. lugubris , P. frigidus , P. crassinervis , P. fimbriatus and P. signatus can be distinguished from P. floralis by one or more other morphological characters in the key and the helpdesk.

The GspR of P. floralis partly overlaps that of P. pruinosus (0.28‒0.37 versus 0.23‒0.30). If overlapping, P. floralis can be separated from P. pruinosus by the stronger gonostylus process divergence (30‒50° versus 10–25°) and mostly shorter body length (3.6‒4.4 mm versus 4.3‒5.9 mm).

The GspR of P. floralis considerably overlaps that of P. longistilus (0.28‒0.37 versus 0.25‒0.34). If overlapping, P. floralis can usually be separated from P. longistilus by the stronger gonostylus process divergence (30‒50° versus 5‒30°) and usually shorter body length (3.6‒4.4 mm versus 4.2‒5.7 mm).

P. floralis can be difficult to separate from P. ferrugineus if the phallapodeme of P. ferrugineus is deformed or bleached. The gonostylus process divergence of P. floralis is usually stronger than that of P. ferrugineus (30‒50° versus 10–35°) and the mid leg tibia mostly somewhat longer (0.99‒1.30 mm versus 0.78‒1.07 mm).

The GspR of P. floralis considerably overlaps that of P. crassinervis (0.28‒0.37 versus 0.32‒0.39). The species can nonetheless be separated by a combination of characters. The gonostylus process of P. floralis is less strongly oriented upwards than that of P. crassinervis (10‒30° versus 30–60°), the gonostylus on average narrower (GsmR 5.6‒6.8 versus 5.2‒5.9), the gonostylus process divergence weaker (30‒50° versus 40‒75°) and the length ratio between the gonostylus and the gonocoxite higher (0.53‒0.57 versus 0.47‒0.55).

The adult female has been briefly described, but the pupa and larva not. Barcodes of adult males, adult females and larvae are available.

Geographical distribution and ecology. P. floralis has been found in Europe from Montenegro at 42°N to southern Finland at 61°N and the Faroe Islands at 62°N. Findings in Bulgaria, Montenegro and Slovakia are based on barcodes. The findings suggest that the species is widespread in Europe. Mean annual temperature of the 19 sites with quality assured findings ranges from +15 to +5 °C and the altitude from 5 to 850 m above sea level .

Knowledge of larval habitats of P. floralis is lacking, but they can be expected to inhabit mesotrophic to hypereutrophic lakes and reservoirs judging from the findings of adults. It is possible that the larvae of the species inhabit slowly flowing rivers as well. Adults have been recorded from April to late August.

Countries or autonomous regions with records of P. floralis in Europe are Bulgaria, Czechia, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia and Sweden.

References. De Jong & Ahlén 1991; Goetghebuer & Lenz 1936a; Kieffer 1915b; Kieffer 1918a; Kieffer 1924; Lundström et al. 2010; Moubayed-Breil et al. 2019; Orendt 1991; Orendt 1993; Ratnasingham et al. 2024.