Procladius fimbriatus Wülker, 1959

Procladius fimbriatus Wülker, 1959 View in CoL

Procladius fimbriatus Wülker, 1959 View in CoL — Wülker (1959), Finland, adult male, adult female, pupa, description, illustrations. Procladius fimbriatus Wülker, 1959 View in CoL — Langton & Visser (2003), Finland, pupa, illustration.

Procladius fimbriatus Wülker, 1959 View in CoL — Langton et al. (2013), Norway, pupa, key, illustration.

Material examined (n = 8). FINLAND, 1 adult male (Holotype of P. fimbriatus, ZSMG ), Lake Saanajärvi , 69.05°N 20.88°E, 679 m a.s.l., ‒4 °C m.a.t., viii.1956, leg. W. Wülker GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male (Paratype of P. fimbriatus, ZSMG ), Lake Saanajärvi , 69.05°N 20.88°E, 679 m a.s.l., ‒4 °C m.a.t., viii.1956, leg. W. Wülker GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male ( MZHF), Lake Ala-Kilpisjärvi , 68.95°N 20.92°E, 473 m a.s.l., ‒2 °C m.a.t., 25.viii.1983, leg. J. Tuiskunen GoogleMaps ; 2 adult males, Lake Kilpsiärvi , Saana, 69.02°N 20.84°E, 491 m a.s.l., ‒2 °C m.a.t., 16.vii‒24.viii.2007 GoogleMaps .— SWEDEN, 1 adult male ( ZSMG), Abisko district , lake at stream draining, 68.3°N 18.8°E, 410 m a.s.l., ‒1 °C m.a.t., 26.vi.1958 GoogleMaps , leg. D. R. Oliver ; 2 adult males ( NHRS), Lake Sitasjaure , 67.87°N 17.61°E, 613 m a.s.l., ‒3 °C m.a.t., 7.viii.1992, leg. Y. Brodin. GoogleMaps

Diagnostic characters. Figs. 20 View FIGURES 20‒23 , 47‒49 View FIGURES 47‒49 , key couplet 2. The female-like male antenna with its low antennal ratio (AR) and reduced plume separates P. fimbriatus from all other known species of Procladius . The species can readily be separated also from other species of Procladius in Europe and North America by several additional characters although the gonostylus process GspR overlaps that of six other species of Procladius present in Europe.

Absence of any signs of parasitism, e.g. by nematodes, in the body of all eight studied specimens suggest that P. fimbriatus is a valid species and not an intersex which also may have female-like antenna but normal male genitalia ( Wülker 1959; Aagaard 1974). Wülker, who first described P. fimbriatus , was a specialist in parsitism in Chironomidae .

The adult female and pupal exuvia have been described. The larva is not known. No barcoded specimens are known.

Geographical distribution and ecology. All findings of P. fimbriatus are from northern regions of Norway, Sweden and Finland, at 68‒ 70°N and altitude 150‒680 m above sea level. All six sites with findings of adults are above the tree limit in the taiga with a subarctic climate of +1 to ‒4 °C mean annual temperature and ice cover on lakes for 7‒10 months annually .

Pupal exuviae and adults of P. fimbriatus have been found in or close to ultraoligotrophic or oligotrophic clearwater lakes and tarns without or with very sparse vegetation. One finding is close to a stream. Adults have been found from mid-June to late August. Larvae and larval habitats are unknown.

Countries with records of P. fimbriatus in Europe are Finland, Norway and Sweden.

References. Langton & Visser 2003; Langton et al. 2013; Paasivirta 2012; Sorvari et al. 2000; Tuiskunen & Lindeberg 1986; Wülker 1959.