Procladius nudipennis Brundin, 1947

Procladius nudipennis Brundin, 1947 View in CoL

Procladius nudipennis Brundin, 1947 View in CoL — Brundin (1947), Sweden, adult male, adult female, description, illustration. Procladius nudipennis Brundin, 1947 View in CoL — Brundin (1949), Sweden, adult male, adult female, key.

Procladius nudipennis Brundin, 1947 View in CoL — Ratnasingham et al. (2024), Finland, Norway and Sweden, adult males, photos. Procladius rufovittatus (van der Wulp, 1874) View in CoL — Ratnasingham et al. (2024), Sweden, adult male.

Material examined (n = 24). FINLAND, 1 adult male ( MZHF), Lake Kuusijärvi , 60.31°N 25.1°E, 44 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 18.vii.1965, leg. P. Armitage GoogleMaps ; 2 adult males ( ZMUO), Lake Naarjärvi , 60.31°N 23.29°E, 51 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 5.vi.2014, leg. L. Paasivirta GoogleMaps [ Barcode LEFIJ3841-16 and LEFIJ3842-16 ] ; 2 adult males ( ZMUO), west of Salo , Iso-Ruona, 60.36°N 23.64°E, 84 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 2.vi.2015, leg. L. Paasivirta GoogleMaps [ Barcode LEFIJ3465-16 and LEFIJ3466-16 ] .— RUSSIA, 3 adult males ( NHRS), Lake Kolodenskoe , 59.01°N 37.06°E, 113 m a.s.l., +4 °C m.a.t., 27.v.1989, leg. A. Rybakova GoogleMaps ; 5 adult males ( NHRS), Lake Udebnoe , 59.07°N 37.43°E, 108 m a.s.l., +4 °C m.a.t., 29.v.1989, leg. A. Rybakova GoogleMaps ; 3 adult males ( NHRS), Lake Ulomskoe , 59.01°N 37.21°E, 111 m a.s.l., +4 °C m.a.t., 27.v.1989, leg. A. Rybakova. GoogleMaps — SWEDEN, 1 adult male (Syntype of P. nudipennis, NHRS ), Lake Innaren , 56.98°N 14.97°E, 175 m a.s.l., +6 °C m.a.t., 27.vi‒3.vii.1945, leg. L. Brundin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male ( NHRS), Lake Viken , Sätra Bay, 58.64°N 14.25°E, 94 m a.s.l., +6 °C m.a.t., 15.v.1987, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 3 adult males ( NHRS), Lake Övre Forsasjön , 58.75°N 15.05°E, 137 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 28.v.1990, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 1 adult male ( NHRS), Lake Salstern , 58.63°N 15.13°E, 107 m a.s.l., +6 °C m.a.t., 28.v.1990, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps ; 2 adult males (as P. rufovittatus, NHRS ), west of Villingsberg , Lake Våtsjön, 59.28°N 14.64°E, 145 m a.s.l., +5 °C m.a.t., 20.v.2008, leg. Y. Brodin GoogleMaps [1 Barcode BSCHI814-17 ] .

Diagnostic characters. Figs. 43 View FIGURES 40‒43 , 116‒118 View FIGURES 116‒118 , key couplet 24. The gonostylus with its distinctly convex inner margin in combination with a distinct outer process readily separates P. nudipennis and P. bellus from all other European Procladius .

The gonostylus of P. nudipennis is comparatively narrower (gonostylus GsmR 3.2‒3.9 versus 2.6‒3.3), less bulging and usually with fewer strong setae (4‒8 versus 6‒12) than that of P. bellus , while the gonostylus process is on average slightly longer (gonostylus GspR 0.13‒0.19 versus 0.10‒0.17). P. nudipennis can usually also be separated from P. bellus by the longer gonostylus in relation to the length of the gonocoxite (0.50‒0.59 versus 0.42‒0.50).

P. nudipennis is on average somewhat smaller than P. bellus , exemplified by an often narrower gonocoxite base (178‒216 µm versus 206‒285 µm), wing length (1.8‒2.4 mm versus 2.0‒ 2.7 mm) and body length (3.1‒3.8 mm versus 3.5‒4.5).

The adult female has been briefly described, but not the pupa and larva. Barcodes of adult males are available.

Geographical distribution and ecology. P. nudipennis has a latitude distribution from 55°N in Russia to 68°N in northern Finland. It has been found at altitudes ranging from 15 to 860 m above sea level encompassing temperate to subarctic climate with +8 to ‒1 °C mean annual temperature .

All findings of P. nudipennis are from lakes, mostly those with oligotrophic to mesotrophic condition, but also a few ultraoligotrophic and eutrophic ones. Most of the lakes are mesohumic to polyhumic. Adults have been found to emerge from the littoral zone at 0‒8 m from bottoms with sparse vegetation of Equisetum , Isoetes or Cladophora . Larvae are also found in the profundal from 1 m in polyhumic lakes to 15 m water depth in oligohumic ones.

The larvae of P. nudipennis are omnivorous judging from their gut content of algae, detritus and animals such as crustaceans (Copepoda and Cladocera) and small Chironomidae . Adults have been found flying from the middle of May to the middle of September.

Countries with records of P. nudipennis in Europe are Estonia, Finland, Norway, Russia and Sweden. It might be present in other European countries under the name of P. rufovittatus .

References. Aagaard 1974; Aagaard 1978b; Armitage 1968; Armitage 1974; Brundin 1947; Brundin 1949; Kahlert et al. 2024; Mossberg & Nyberg 1979; Sandberg 1969; Paasivirta 1976; Paasivirta 2012; Ratnasingham et al. 2024; Wiederholm 1974.