Epeorus ( Proepeorus ) aculeatus Braasch, 1990

Epeorus ( Proepeorus) aculeatus Braasch, 1990 View in CoL

Figs 5A–B View Figure 5 , 12D View Figure 12 , 13F View Figure 13 , 15D View Figure 15 , 16I View Figure 16

Epeorus aculeatus Braasch, 1990, p. 7 View in CoL , Figures 1–8 View Figure 1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 View Figure 4 View Figure 5 View Figure 6 View Figure 7 View Figure 8 (nymph). Types: nymph, from Thailand .

Epeorus aculeatus: Nguyen and Bae 2004, p. 19 View in CoL (nymph); Webb and McCafferty 2006a, p. 65 (male).

Materials examined

One male imago, Futian Village, Eryuan Town , Niujie County, Yunnan Province, collected by Wei ZHNAG, Zhen-Xing MA, 3-11-IV-2018; 1 nymph ( 1400 m a.s.l.), Jianfeng River , Zhonghe Town , Tengchong City, Yunnan Province, collected by Hui XIE, Yan-Yan JIA, Ping CHEN, 20-VII-2008; 8 nymphs, Laomane ( 1255 m a.s.l.), Menghai County , Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, collected by Ning DING, 21-III-2008; 6 nymphs, Mengyuan Village , Mengla County , Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, collected by Yun-Lei ZHOU, 14-III -2013; 2 nymphs, Dutian Village ( 103°54′47.99″N, 23°11′5.67″E), Wenshan City, Yunnan Province, collected by Zhen-Xing MA, 17-X-2020; 5 nymphs, Xiaoyaodian Village ( 103°56′ 6.27″N, 23°17′56.55″E), Wenshan City, Yunnan Province, collected by Zhen-Xing MA, 17- X-2020 .

Diagnosis and remarks

E. ( P.) aculeatus can be distinguished from other congeners by the following characters. In male imago ( Figures 12 View Figure 12 (d) and 13(f)): 1) penes are fused basally and widely divergent apically, each penis lobe shallowly notched apically; 2) base of penes with small median titillators; 3) unique colouration of abdominal terga and sterna (see Webb and McCafferty 2006a: Figures 1–2 View Figure 1 View Figure 2 ). In nymph: posterior margin of abdominal terga II–IX with a pair of long submedian spines ( Figure 5 View Figure 5 (b)).

Kluge (2004) placed E. ( P.) aculeatus in the subgenus Epeorus s.str., but the presence of median titillators on penes of male indicates that E. ( P.) aculeatus is belonging to subgenus Proepeorus . In addition, some new records of Chinese ‘paired-spines’ species (with submedian paired spines or tubercles on nymphal terga, including Epeorus rhithralis Braasch, 1980 , Epeorus bispinosus Braasch, 1980 and Epeorus bifurcatus Braasch & Soldán, 1979 ), which have a close relation with E. ( P.) aculeatus but have not been described in adult stages, are also included in this work and regarded as Proepeorus species for the time being.

Distribution

China ( Yunnan), Thailand, Vietnam.