Zornia latifolia Sm., A.Rees, Cycl.

Zornia latifolia Sm., A.Rees, Cycl. View in CoL 39: 4. 1818. non Zornia latifolia DC., Prodr. (DC.) 2: 317. 1825.

Figs S5 View Figure 5 , 9C View Figure 9

Type: FRENCH GUIANA. Cayenne: s.loc., s.d., Aublet s.n. ( holotype P–00631807 !) .

Zornia gemella Willd. ex Vogel, Linnaea View in CoL 12: 61. 1838, syn. Nov. Hedysarum gemellum Willd. ex Vogel View in CoL , nom. nud. Type: BRAZIL. ‘‘ Habitat in Brasilia’ ’, s.d., Sched.Willdenow Herb. 13778-01 0 ( holotype B–W).

Zornia gracilis DC., Prodr. (DC.) 2: 316. 1825, non Zornia gracilis Harms, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42(2–3): 212. 1908. Zornia diphylla var. gracilis (DC.) Benth., Fl. Bras. (Martius) View in CoL 15(1): 83. 1859. Type: GUYANA. s.loc., 1821, Perrottet 18 ( holotype G).

Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. var. bernardinensis Chodat & Hassl., Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2, 4: 888. 1904 View in CoL . Zornia latifolia Sm. var. bernardinensis (Chodat & Hassl.) Mohlenbr., Webbia View in CoL 16(1): 128. 1961. Type: PARAGUAY. “ Paraguay in campo San Bernardino”, s.d., Hassler 3502 [ lectotype G–00400373! Designated by Fortuna-Perez and De Azevedo (2011); isolectotypes BM–000081074!, W].

Zornia maranhamensis G.Don, Gen. Hist. View in CoL 2: 280. 1832. Type: BRAZIL. Maranhão: s.loc., s.d., G. Don s.n. ( holotype BR). Zornia surinamensis Miq., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. View in CoL 11: 14. 1843.

Type: SURINAME. ‘‘ Surinam , locis elevatioribus’’, s. coll. ( holotype BR).

Shrub to ca. 80 cm tall. Stems erect, branched, glabrous. Leaves with 2 leaflets, petiolate. Leaflets 15–55 × 4–17 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, glabrous. Stipules lanceolate, 3–5 veined. Inflorescences spiciform, axillary, 40 cm long. Bracteoles 5–12 × 2–4 mm, linear, 3–6 veined, punctate, glabrous, green. Loment with 4–8 articles; articles 2–3 × 2–2.5 mm, reticulate-veined, bristle-like trichomes 2 mm long.

Distribution and habitat: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Florida, French Guiana, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, USA ( Texas), Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Islands. It occurs in Savanna, Tropical Dry Forest, Tropical Moist Forest, and Montane Grassland.

Conservation Status: Least Concern (LC). Zornia latifolia is widely distributed in open grasslands across South and Central America. According to Mohlenbrock (1961), it is also becoming weedy in Africa (EOO= 28,115,263.359 km ²; AOO=3,940.000 km²).

Notes: Zornia latifolia is commonly known as “arrozinho– do–campo”. It is distinguished by its characteristic linear (3–6 veined) and glabrous bracteoles.

Representative specimen examined: ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Dep. Mercedes , 21 February 1984, S.G.Tressens et al. 2317 (K). BOLIVIA. Velasco: Santa Cruz, 27 June 1991, M. Nee 41482 (NY). BRAZIL. Acre: Cruzeiro do Sul , 27 September 1987, M.C. Ferreira & A.P. Araújo 21 (RB); Amazonas: São Lourenço , 27 November 1968, G.T.Prance et al.8917 (P); Bahia: Belmonte , 24 March 1974, R.M. Harley et al.17329ª (P); Ceará: Fr.Allemão & M. de Cysneiros 465 (P); Espírito Santo: Alegre , 30 August 1987, L. Coradin 8366 (UEC); Goiás: Araguaina , Rio das Lontras, 12 March 1968, H.S. Irwin et al.21057 (NY); Maranhão: Açailândia , 04 July 1987, L. Coradin 7984 (UEC); Mato Grosso: Xavantina , 5 April 1968, D. Philcox & B.Freeman 4735 (P); Minas Gerais: Parque Estadual da Serra do Cabral , 05 November 2022, L.C. Zeferino et al. 142 (BOTU); Mato Grosso do Sul: Rio Verde do MS, 11 April 2001, R.S.Rodrigues et al.1120 (UEC); Pará: Almeirim, 1 August 1985, M.J.P.Pires et al.524 (NY); Paraíba: Conde, 20 July 1980, L. Coradin 3152 (UEC); Paraná: Sete quedas, 11 December 1965, G. Hatschbach et al.13347 (P); Pernambuco: Arcoverde, 21 October 1980, L. Coradin et al. 2476 (UEC); Piauí: Piracuruca, 4 April 2002, A.S. Flores et al.924 (UEC); Rio de Janeiro : Rio de Janeiro , 1843, M.Weddel 492 (P); Rio Grande do Norte : Pirangi do Sul , 8 September 1953, S.Tavares 314 (NY); Rio Grande do Sul : s.loc., 1816–21, A. Saint –Hilaire 2625B (P); Rondônia: Abunã, 18 November 1968, G.T. Prance et al. 8608 (M); Roraima: Boa Vista, 24 November 1981, L. Coradin 4922 (UEC); São Paulo: Campinas, 25 March 2004, A.P.Fortuna-Perez 66 (UEC); Sergipe: Rio Tocantis , 8 September 1844, M. Weddell 2416 (P). BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Chiquitos, 27 December 1999, J.R.I. Wood & D.J. Goyder 15658 (K). COLOMBIA. Del Tolima: s.loc., 28 October 1952, H. Humbert et al.26961 (P). ECUADOR. Las Chinchas: Prov. Loja, 12 April 1944, M. Acosta Solís 7810 (F). GUYANA. Barima– Waina Region : 11 August 1986, J.J. Pipoly & H. Lall 8408 (P). FRENCH GUIANA. Acarocany: 1858, Sagoti 128 (P). MEXICO. Prov. Huasteca: Watenberg, near Tantyuca, 1858, L.C. Ervendberg 12 (G). PARAGUAY. Dep. Paraguarí: s.loc., 15 November 1978, M.M. Arbo et al.1788 (MEXU). PERU. Calca: Cusco, La Quebrada, 22 October 1985, L.v.d. Hoogte & C. Roersch 1825 (F). SURINAME. Hostmann 1072 (P). URUGUAY. Dep. Artigas: s.loc., 28 December 1929, Herter 19 (Z). VENEZUELA. Esdo. Monagas: El Tejero, 9 October 1963, H.S. McKee 10789 (P).