Bisifusarium salinasense K. Zhang & Crous, 2025

Bisifusarium salinasense K. Zhang & Crous , sp. nov. MB 858743 View Materials . Fig. 11.

Etymology: Name refers to Salinas, California ( USA), where it was collected.

Sporodochia greyish orange, formed abundantly on carnation leaves. Sporodochial conidiophores verticillately branched and densely packed; sporodochial phialides subulate to subcylindrical, 10–20 × 3–4 µm, smooth- and thin-walled. Sporodochial macroconidia slender, falcate, slightly curved with almost parallel sides tapering slightly towards both ends, with a papillate to hooked, curved apical cell and a blunt to foot-like basal cell, 1-septate, rarely 2-septate, hyaline, smooth- and thin-walled, (16.2–)17.5–19.5(–22.2) × (3.0–)3.5–4.0(–4.3) µm. Aerial conidiophores often reduced to single monophialides. Chlamydospores intercalary, solitary or in short chains, globose to ellipsoid.

Culture characteristics: Colonies in the dark for 7 d at 25 °C: on OA reaching 4–4.5 cm diam., raised, aerial mycelia dense, colony margin entire, surface and reverse white. Colonies on PDA reaching 2.5–3 cm diam., raised, aerial mycelium dense, colony margin erose, surface and reverse peach. Colonies on SNA reaching 3–3.5 cm diam., flat, aerial mycelium scant, colony margin erose, surface and reverse white; odour absent.

Typus: USA, California, Salinas, from air sampling, collection date and collector unknown (holotype CBS H-25447 , culture ex-type CBS 110139 View Materials = FRC E-0010 ) .

Additional material examined: Germany, on rotting fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (≡ Lycopersicon esculentum ), 1955, R. Schneider, culture CBS 119875 = BBA 62195 = MRC 1652 .

Notes: Schroers et al. (2009) treated B. salinasense as Fusarium sp. 1 . This species is phylogenetically similar but clearly differentiated from B. penicilloides and B. phloginum , differing by 61 bp (ITS 2, rpb2 17, tef1 16, and tub2 26 bp) and 47 bp (ITS 2, rpb2 8, tef1 27. and tub2 10 bp), respectively, in the combined four locus dataset. Compared to other Bisifusarium species, both B. salinasense and B. penicilloides are characterized by relatively slow growth on PDA ( Schroers et al. 2009, Savary et al. 2021 and this study). Bisifusarium salinasense and B. penicilloides differ in their macroconidial size and septation, averaging 18.4 × 3.7 µm and 1-septate in B. salinasense vs av. 6.5 × 2.7 µm and aseptate in B. penicilloides ( Savary et al. 2021) . Bisifusarium salinasense is distinguished from B. phloginum , by its slightly longer and wider macroconidia [(16.2–)17.5–19.5(–22.2) × (3.0–)3.5–4.0(–4.3) µm vs (13.6–)15.5–18.0(–20.9) × (2.0–)2.3–2.8(–3.0) µm in B. phloginum ], and by its often white colonies, compared to pale orange in B. phloginum .