Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906

Genus Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906

Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906: 212 . Type species (by monotypy): Trigonalys maculata Smith, 1851 . Refer Chen et al. (2014) & Binoy et al. (2022) for complete synonymy.

Key to the Indian species of Taeniogonalos Schulz (modified from Girish Kumar & Hegde, 2023)

1. Second metasomal sternite produced medio-posteriorly ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ; Figures. 5d & 5f View FIGURE 5 of Binoy et al. 2022)................ 2

- Second metasomal sternite truncate medio-posteriorly ( Figures 2e View FIGURE 2 , 7d, 10d, 12e and 15b of Binoy et al. 2022; Figure 10 of Girish Kumar & Hegde 2023; Figures 2C View FIGURE 2 & 4D View FIGURE 4 of Femi et al. 2024; Figure 1 View FIGURE 1 of Amal et al. 2024a).................... 3

2. Scutellum unicoloured, entirely yellow-orange or yellow; axilla yellow-orange ( Figure 5b View FIGURE 5 of Binoy et al. 2022)..................................................................................... T. fulvoscutellata (Ayyar, 1919)

- Scutellum bicoloured, black medially and yellow laterally; axilla mostly black, small pale brownish patch medially ( Figs 2D View FIGURE 2 , 3A View FIGURE 3 ).......................................... T. manickavasagami Sankararaman, Amal & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

3. Scutellum unicoloured, entirely black (Figures 524 & 535 of Chen et al. 2014; Figure 3F View FIGURE 3 of Femi et al. 2024; Figure 1 View FIGURE 1 of Amal et al. 2024a)......................................................................................... 4

- Scutellum bicoloured or tricoloured, dark brown-black/mid brown/yellow ( Figures 2b View FIGURE 2 , 7b and 10b of Binoy et al. 2022; Figure 7 of Girish Kumar & Hegde 2023; Figure 1F View FIGURE 1 of Femi et al. 2024)............................................... 5

4. Midlobe of mesoscutum with a pair of yellow patches anterolaterally (Figure 29 of Chen et al. 2020; Figure 3F View FIGURE 3 of Femi et al. 2024); posterior margin of tergite 1 and sternite 2 with yellow/ivory stripes (Figures 31 & 33 of Chen et al. 2020; Figures 4C & 4D View FIGURE 4 of Femi et al. 2024)............................................ T. eurysoma Chen & van Achterberg, 2020

- Midlobe of mesoscutum completely black without any yellow patches (Figure 524 of Chen et al. 2014); posterior margin of tergite 1 and sternite 2 without any stripes (Figures 526 & 528 of Chen et al. 2014).......... T. taihorina (Bischoff, 1914)

5. Head, mesosoma and metasoma predominantly bicoloured (black/blackish brown and yellow) (Figures 6a and 11a of Binoy et al., 2022; Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 View FIGURE 4 , 5 View FIGURE 5 , 7, 10, 11 of Girish Kumar & Hegde 2023; Figure 3 View FIGURE 3 and 4 View FIGURE 4 of Femi et al. 2024)............... 6

- Head, mesosoma and metasoma predominantly tricoloured (red/orange, black/blackish brown and yellow/yellowish white) ( Figures 1a View FIGURE 1 , 9a and 14a of Binoy et al. 2022; Figure 1 View FIGURE 1 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023; Figures 1B, 1D, 1F View FIGURE 1 , 2A, 2B, 2C View FIGURE 2 of Femi et al. 2024)...................................................................................... 7

6. Second metasomal tergite densely punctured, interspaces distinctly less than the diameter of punctures, matt (Figure 425 of Chen et al. 2014; Figure 7e of Binoy et al., 2022); antenna black with yellow fleck on scape (Figures 6b and 6e of Binoy et al. 2022); frons and vertex with extensive yellow areas (Figures 6d and 6e of Binoy et al. 2022)...... T. gestroi (Schulz, 1908)

- Second tergite not densely punctured, interspaces distinctly more than the diameter of punctures, glossy (Figure 12g of Binoy et al., 2022); antenna entirely brown (Figure 11b and 6e of Binoy et al. 2022); frons and vertex entirely black (Figures 11d and 11e of Binoy et al. 2022)...................................................... T. latae Polaszek & Binoy, 2022

7. Second submarginal cell of fore wing petiolate anteriorly which is connecting with discal cell (Figure 10c of Binoy et al. 2022)............................................................................. T. kerala (Ayyar, 1919)

- Second submarginal cell sessile anteriorly which is either connecting with discal cell at a point ( Figure 2E View FIGURE 2 of Femi et al. 2024; Figure 14a of Binoy et al. 2022) or distinctly forming a vertical vein (Figure 9 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023; Figure 2d View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022)..................................................................................... 8

8. Second submarginal cell of fore wing sessile anteriorly which is connecting with discal cell at a point (Figure 14a of Binoy et al. 2022; Figure 2E View FIGURE 2 of Femi et al. 2024); scutellum reddish or reddish brown medially (Figure 14d of Binoy et al. 2022; Figure 1F View FIGURE 1 of Femi et al. 2024)................................................................................. 9

- Second submarginal cell sessile anteriorly which is connecting with discal cell by forming a vertical vein (Figure 9 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023; Figure 2d View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022); scutellum black medially (Figure 7 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023; Figure 2b View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022)......................................................................... 10

9. Mesopleuron with four distinct yellow spots (Figure 14e of Binoy et al. 2022); scutellum largely brown with narrow yellow bands laterally; axilla with pair of large yellow patches (Figure 14d of Binoy et al. 2022)................................................................................... T. thwaitesii (Westwood, 1874) [Extralimital: Sri Lanka]

- Mesopleuron without distinct yellow spots ( Figure 1E View FIGURE 1 of Femi et al. 2024); scutellum largely yellow and reddish brown medially; axilla reddish brown without any patches ( Figure 1F View FIGURE 1 of Femi et al. 2024)....... T. deepaki Femi & Ranjith, 2024

10. Second metasomal tergite with basal yellow spot (Figure 11 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023); vertex dorsally reddish ( Figure 4 View FIGURE 4 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023); yellow apical band of second metasomal tergite laterally widened and narrowed medially (Figure 11 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023); yellow apical band of second metasomal sternite comparatively wide medially (Figure 12 of Girish Kumar and Hegde 2023)............................... T. dhritiae Girish Kumar & Hegde, 2023

- Second tergite without basal yellow spot ( Figure 2g View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022); vertex dorsally black with reddish markings ( Figure 1d View FIGURE 1 of Binoy et al. 2022); yellowish white apical band of second tergite with almost uniform thickness ( Figure 2g View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022); yellowish white apical band of second sternite narrow medially ( Figure 2h View FIGURE 2 of Binoy et al. 2022)...................................................................... T. ayyari Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar, 2022