Burmeistera betancurii Garzón & F.González, Caldasia, 2012

5. Burmeistera betancurii Garzón & F.González, Caldasia View in CoL 34: 310. 2012.

Type:— COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Amalfi , vereda “Guayabito”, 6°48´48´´N, 75°05´38´´W, 1600‒1800 m, 30 Jul 1999 (fl, fr), D. Tuberquia, D. Rodríguez, L. A. Orrego 882 ( holotype: COL!; isotype: JAUM!). Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4D–F View FIGURE 4 GoogleMaps .

Scandent subshrubs up to 3 m tall. Stem glabrous, slightly grooved, slightly branched. Petiole 0.8‒1.2 cm long, glabrous; blade narrowly ovate-lanceolate, (9‒)12‒14(‒16) × 2.0‒ 3.5 cm, slighly falcate, glabrous on both sides, base slightly asymmetric, rounded or obtuse, apex acute, margin slightly and loosely serrate, teeth of one-size class, hydathodes intramarginal to marginal, 10 to 13 per side, secondary veins 7 to 9 per side, higher order veins inconspicuous, intramarginal vein lacking. Peduncle 5‒8 cm long, glabrous, ebracteolate. Hypanthium obconic, 9‒11 × 5‒6 mm, glabrous. Calyx lobes triangular, 1.5‒2.5 × 1.5‒2.5 mm, ascending, glabrous, basally spaced by sinuses 3‒4 mm wide, margin loosely serrulate. Corolla green to green with maroon tints, glabrous; tube 1.9‒2.1 cm long, 4‒6 mm in diameter at its mid-level, inflated proximally and distally; lobes narrowly triangular, falcate, apex acute, dorsal lobes 18‒25 × 4‒6 mm, lateral lobes 13‒15 × 4‒5 mm, ventral lobe 8‒10 × 4 mm. Synandrium 3.6‒4.1 cm long, exserted up to 2 cm; filament tube 3.0‒ 3.2 cm long, apically sparsely puberulous; anther tube 6‒9 mm long, puberulous, ventral anthers barbate, with an apical tuft of white woolly trichomes up to 5 mm long. Berries ovoid, 1.5‒2.5 × 1.0‒ 1.5 cm, not inflated but spongy, glabrous, green suffused with pink to totally pink.

Phenology: —All known collections of this species have been found in flower and fruit in January, March, July, August, October and December.

Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera betancurii is restricted to a narrow area of the northern ridges of the Central Cordillera of Colombia, in the department of Antioquia. It occurs in the understory stratum of subandean humid forests between 800‒1850 m in elevation. The area is highly disturbed due to agriculture, livestock ranching and mining, which makes this species extremely threatened. Following the IUCN´s (2022) criteria [B1(EOO) and B2(AOO), conditions (a) and (b), and C2(a)(i)], this species qualifies as Critically Endangered.

Notes: — Burmeistera betancurii differs from its congeners by the narrowly ovate-lanceolate leaves, the long obconic hypanthia, the very short triangular calyx lobes separated by wide ( 3‒4 mm wide) sinuses, and the very long corolla lobes (see below). It is most similar to B. longifolia , from which it differs by the petiole 0.8‒1.2 cm long, glabrous; the blade slighly falcate, glabrous beneath, with 7 to 9 secondary veins per side; the hypanthium 9‒11 × 5‒6 mm, glabrous; the calyx lobes and the corolla glabrous; the corolla with dorsal lobes 18‒25 × 4‒6 mm, lateral lobes 13‒15 × 4‒5 mm, and ventral lobe 8‒10 × 4 mm; the filament tube 3.0‒ 3.2 cm long, apically sparsely puberulous; and the ventral anthers barbate ( versus petiole 5–8 mm long, puberulous; blade not falcate, puberulous beneath, with 6 or 7 secondary veins per side; the hypanthium 5–8 × 4–5 mm, puberulous; the calyx lobes and the corolla puberulous; the corolla with dorsal lobes 12–13 × 3.8–4.0 mm, lateral lobes 7.6–8.0 × 5–6 mm, and ventral lobe 7.6–8.0 × 3.0– 3.2 mm; the filament tube 3.2–3.6 cm long, glabrescent; and the ventral anthers ebarbate in B. longifolia ).

Additional specimens examined:— Antioquia. Amalfi , vereda Guayabito, finca Costa Rica, 1700‒1800 m, 8 Jan 2005 (fl), W. Ariza   GoogleMaps et al. 1059 ( JAUM) ; Amalfi, vereda La Viborita, alrededor de la mina de asbesto, 6°55´N, 75°05´W, 1430‒1480 m, 6 Mar 2007 (fl, fr), H. David et al. 1543 ( HUA) GoogleMaps ; Guatapé, vereda Santa Rita , vía Guatapé-La Almanera ( Empresas Públicas de Medellín), 1850 m, 6°17´N, 75°8´W, 19 Dec 1988 (fl, fr), R. Callejas 7173 ( HUA), 7178 ( HUA) GoogleMaps ; Guatapé, vereda Santa Rita , finca Montepinar, 75º10´W, 6º15´N, 1850 m, 20 Mar 1990 (fl, fr), D. Echeverri 245 ( HUA) GoogleMaps ; Anorí, vereda Puerto Rico, 7°08´20´´N, 75°08´20´´W, 800‒900 m, 19 Aug 1999 (fl), D. Tuberquia et al. 1014 ( JAUM) GoogleMaps ; Amalfi, vereda Las Animas, 6°56´2´´N, 75°00´32´´W, 1500‒1600 m, 22 Oct 1999 (fl, fr), D. Tuberquia et al. 1395 ( JAUM). GoogleMaps