Hapsimachogonia michael, Sulak & Yakovlev & Semionova & Saldaitis & Petrányi & Volkova & Revay & Müller & Traore & Lamah & Prozorova & Prozorov, 2024

Hapsimachogonia michael View in CoL sp. n.

https://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:867BC95D-C85C-4A0F-8160-9B03CD438B56

( Figs 28–36 View Figures 19–36 , 45–46 View Figures 41–46 , 52 View Figures 47–52 , 56 View Figures 53–56 )

Holotype: ♂, “W- Africa , GUINEA, Konakri , Macenta Prefecture, Ziama Forest, 550 m, 250 watt, October 2017, leg. Petrányi G. et al.,” GS 1468 ( CGM / USTTB).

Paratypes: (22♂, 2♀). Guinea : 14♂, same data as HT, but 17.11– 01.12.2016, February 2017, June 2017, GS 1466, 1467 ( CGM / USTTB) ; ♂, “ Coll. Mus. Tervuren, Guinée, Conakry, Forêt classée de Diecke, IX – 2004, Leg. E. Vingerhoedt ,” LBEOW1710-11 ( RMCA). Liberia: ♂, “ Coll. Mus. Tervuren, LIBERIA, Putu Range, La. 5.6672°, Lo. – 8.18694, 20 DEC. 2010 – 5 JAN. 2011, Leg. Sáfián Sz. , Zakar E.,” LBEOA1298-11 ( RMCA). Burkina Faso: ♀, “OBERVOLTA, Folonzo am Fluss Comoe, 3.11.85, leg. Dr. Politzar,” GS LAS-10-059 ( CGM / USTTB) ; ♂, “OBERVOLTA, Voltaquellen, Kourinyon , 28.9.76, leg. Dr. Politzar ” ( CGM / USTTB) ; ♂, “OBERVOLTA, Folonzo , 28.11.81, leg. Dr. Politzar ” ( CGM / USTTB) ; ♂, “OBERVOLTA, Folonzo , 28.11.81, leg. Dr. Politzar ” ( CGM / USTTB) . Côte d’Ivoire: ♂, “ELFENBEINKÜSTE, Siderodougou , 27.4.77, leg. Dr. Politzar ” ( CGM / USTTB) .

Ghana: ♂, “ GHANA, Eastern Region , BUNSO ARBORETUM, 31.X.2009, Leg.: Sáfián, Sz., Walker, A., Davey, S., Onstein, R.,” LBEOW1670-11 ( RMCA) . Nigeria : ♂, “N. NIGERIA: Jemaa , 15.10.1971, leg. Dr. Politzar,” GS LAS-10-060 ( CGM / USTTB) . Cameroon : ♀, “ Lolodorf , 1901” ( MHNG) .

Description. Male ( Figs 28–33, 35 View Figures 19–36 ). Flagellum, head and thorax covered with speckled brown, red and straw scales. Abdomen straw. Forewing. Forewing length: 12.5–15.5 mm. Somewhat triangular with slightly wavy outer margin and more or less prominent rounded apex. Basal, medial, and outer fields divided with smooth blurred brown lines with straw contour and covered with brown, red and straw scales. Outer field divided with faint blurred wavy line into proximal and distal halves, distal one may be darker. Fringe speckled brown and straw. Hindwing. Somewhat oval with slightly wavy outer margin. Mediobasal field brown and straw, separated from outer field with blurred wavy brown medial line. Outer field divided with blurred faint crenulated line into proximal and distal halves: distal one may be darker colored. Genitalia ( Figs 45–46 View Figures 41–46 ). Tegumen a narrow band with large laterocaudal socii of semioval shape, apically covered with setae. Vinculum overgrown with ventromedial outgrowths, fused with lateral lobes of annelus, laterally bears valvae. Valvae elongated, curved, narrow towards apex, bifurcate in distal third; proximal branch s-shaped, distal branch slightly shorter, lightly s-shaped, both apically pointed. Lobes of annelus elongated, triangular, slightly bent, apically pointed. Juxta an elongated c-shaped plate, dorsally fused with phallus. Phallus slender, c-shaped, gradually narrows towards apex. Vesica could not be everted. Eighth sternite somewhat trapezoid: mediocaudally bears pair of claw-like outwardly bent extensions divided with semioval concavity; laterally rounded; basally bears pair of elongated, nearly straight apodemes. Female ( Figs 34, 36 View Figures 19–36 ) resembles male but larger with better pronounced apical prominence and another one at M2 vein. Forewing length: 17.5–18 mm. Genitalia ( Fig. 52 View Figures 47–52 ). Papillae anales semioval, densely covered with setae. Posterior apophyses one sixth longer than anterior ones. Sterigma somewhat trapezoid with rounded corners, caudally narrower. Ostium slit-like. Ductus bursae a very narrow and short tube. Corpus bursae oval.

Diagnosis. Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. differs from:

1) Hapsimachogonia kilwana with darker coloration (compare Figs 28–36 View Figures 19–36 and 10–14 View Figures 1–18 ); longer proximan branch of valva, stronger bent phallus, almost straight shorter apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45–46 View Figures 41–46 and 38 View Figures 37–40 ); larger sterigma (compare Figs 52 and 49 View Figures 47–52 ); parapatry;

2) Hapsimachogonia graham sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28–36 View Figures 19–36 and 15–16 View Figures 1–18 ); stronger bent phallus, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45–46 and 41 View Figures 41–46 ); parapatry (compare Figs 56 and 53 View Figures 53–56 ); p -distance of 1.67–2.13% ( Fig. 57 View Figure 57 );

3) Hapsimachogonia margit sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28–36 View Figures 19–36 and 17–18 View Figures 1–18 ); unequal length of branches of valvae and curved proximal branch, shorter juxta, outwardly bent mediocaudal extensions and longer apodemes of 8 th sternite (compare Figs 45–46 and 42 View Figures 41–46 ); wider opening of ostium, oval corpus bursae (compare Figs 52 and 50 View Figures 47–52 ); parapatry (compare Figs 56 and 54 View Figures 53–56 );

4) Hapsimachogonia max sp. n. with darker coloration (compare Figs 28–36 and 19–27 View Figures 19–36 ); slightly shorter distal branch of valva (compare Figs 45–46 and 43–44 View Figures 41–46 ); narrower opening of ostium (compare Figs 52 and 51 View Figures 47–52 ); prevalence in tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests (compare Figs 56 and 55 View Figures 53–56 ).

Distribution ( Fig. 56 View Figures 53–56 ). West Sudanian savanna in Burkina Faso; Western Guinean lowland forests in Guinea, Liberia, and Côte d’Ivoire, Eastern Guinean forests in Ghana; Guinean forest- savanna in Nigeria; and Congolian coastal forests in Cameroon.

Biology. Adults were collected in April, June, August–February from altitudes up to 550 m. Preimaginal stages unknown.

Etymology. The species is named in honor of Michael Ponnath , the head of the traditional Ponnath family founded around 1692 (Kemnath, Germany).

Acknowledgments

We thank Bernard Landry (MHNG), Rodolphe Rougerie (MNHN), †Thomas Witt (MWM), †Ugo Dall’Asta (RMCA), Ulf Buchsbaum, Mei- Yu Chen, and Axel Hausmann (ZSM) for providing access to the material and helping to process it.

We are thankful to †Vasiliy D. Kravchenko (Tel Aviv University, Israel) for preliminary work in the Ekongo camp in March and April of 2017: setting up most traps, training local workers, and taking care of material under harsh conditions. We express our gratitude to the LuiKotale Bonobo Project leaders Barbara Fruth and Gottfried Hohmann for their help with the general curating of the insect collection from the project in Ekongo. A heartfelt thank you to LuiKotale and Ekongo camp managers Roman Keller and Alexis Louat who helped to organize, manage and maintain the daily work efforts in the camp. We appreciate the irreplaceable help of the Bekombo village people with collecting, sorting, packing, and transporting insects from Ekongo as well as with the daily routine in the camp.

A portion of the presented work was done by Harald Sulak and Alexey Prozorov with the financial support of the Thomas-Witt-Stiftung.