Filellum cf. serratum ( Clarke, 1879 )

Filellum cf. serratum ( Clarke, 1879) View in CoL

Lafoea serrata Clarke, 1879: 242 View in CoL , pl. 4 fig. 25.

Filellum serratum View in CoL :? Millard, 1975: 178, fig. 59A–C.— Millard, 1978: 177.— Hirohito, 1995: 110–112, fig. 31A–C.—Calder, 1998: 1852–1853.— Peña Cantero et al., 1998: 304–308, figs 1–2.— Marques et al., 2011.

Filellum cf. serratum View in CoL : Ramil & Vervoort, 1992a: 54–55.— Vervoort, 2006: 231–232.—Gil et al.,. 2020: 423–425, fig. 2C–E.

Material examined. BISSAU-0810, stn BS147, 11º08'35"– 11º08'27"N, 17º11'31"– 17º10'37"W, 186–306 m, 26-X-2008: one colony without coppiniae, growing on Nemertesia ramosa .

BISSAU-0810, stn BS152, 10º31'12"– 10º30'19"N, 17º12'34"– 17º12'32"W, 300–305 m, 27-X-2008: three colonies without coppiniae, of which one growing on Lytocarpia myriophyllum and the two others on Aglaophenia lophocarpa .

BISSAU-0810, stn BS191, 10º18'25"– 10º19'20"N, 16º08'47"– 16º08'47"W, 24–25 m, 3-XI-2008: 183 colonies without coppiniae, of which 125 growing on bryozoans, 13 on unidentified hydroids, 12 on Eudendrium capillare , 10 on Idiellana pristis , four on Diphasia digitalis , two on Bimeria vestita , two on Amphisbetia distans , one on Garveia nutans , one on Sertularella sp. , one on Tridentata marginata , one on Tridentata loculosa , one on Obelia dichotoma , and one on a crustacean.

BISSAU-0810, stn BS195, 10º22'44"– 10º23'22"N, 16º15'37"– 16º16'18"W, 29 m, 3-XI-2008: seven colonies without coppiniae, of which six growing on an unidentified hydroid.

BISSAU-0810, stn BS200, 10º18'55"N, 16º25'07"W, 79 m, 4-XI-2008: two colonies without coppiniae, growing on Sertularelloides cylindritheca .

BISSAU-0810, stn BS226, 11º22'11"– 11º21'55"N, 17º02'30"– 17º01'54"W, 35–37 m, 9-XI-2008: one colony without coppiniae, growing on Halecium halecinum .

Remarks. The present material is consistent with that described by Gil et al. (2020), also as Filellum cf. serratum , and represents the first record of this species for Guinea-Bissau.

Biology. Filellum serratum has been found growing on a wide variety of invertebrates, mainly hydroids ( Peña Cantero et al. 1998; Vervoort 2006; Gil et al. 2020). In the northern hemisphere, fertile material has been found in July and August ( Peña Cantero et al. 1998), while in the southern hemisphere, coppinae were found in March ( Ritchie 1911).

In our material, colonies were found growing on hydroids, bryozoans and crustaceans. Coppinae were not observed.

Distribution. Filellum serratum is considered as a circumglobal species ( Peña Cantero et al. 1998); nevertheless, some records based on sterile material are doubtful ( Vervoort 2006; Gil et al. 2020). In West Africa, it has been recorded from the Canary Islands ( Vervoort 2006), Mauritania ( Gil & Ramil 2017a; Gil et al. 2020) and the Cape Verde Archipelago ( Vervoort 2006). Its bathymetric distribution ranges from 0–2000 m ( Millard 1978; Calder 1998).

Our material was collected at depths between 24–306 m.

Genus Lafoea Lamouroux, 1821