Dennyus ( Dennyus ) pichorimi, Valim, 2013

Dennyus ( Dennyus) pichorimi View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figs. 1-9 View FIGURES 1‑4 View FIGURES 5‑9 )

Type host: Streptoprocne biscutata seridoensis Sick, 1991 – Biscutate Swift ( Apodiformes : Apodidae )

Holotype: Male ( MZUSP #2495 View Materials ), ex Streptoprocne biscutata seridoensis , BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Norte, Acari, Serra do Bico da Arara , Fazenda Ingá [ 06°28’40”S; 36°36’05”W], 26.VIII.2007, M. Pichorim coll. GoogleMaps

Paratype: 1 Female ( MZUSP #2496 View Materials ), same data as the holotype but collected from a different host individual GoogleMaps .

Etymology: The species epithet is a noun in the genitive case dedicated to the Brazilian ornithologist Mauro Pichorim, in recognition of his efforts collecting bird ectoparasites and for his long-term studies on Biscutate Swift in Brazil.

Diagnosis: Dennyus ( Dennyus) pichorimi is morphologically close to a group of four species which have: (1) prosternal plate with numerous short and thickened setae set in the center of the plate (not only on its anterior half), plus an antero-lateral pair of long and thin setae ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ); (2) lateral margin of the pronotum with two short spine-like setae and one long thin seta (rather than all three short spine-like setae) ( Figs. 1 and 3 View FIGURES 1‑4 ); and (3) gular plate mostly pale with a U-shaped band of sclerotization ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). The type hosts and localities are for these species: D. ( D.) brunneitorques Carriker, 1954 (ex Streptoprocne rutila brunneitorques (Lafresnaye) , Peru); D. ( D.) rotundocapitis Carriker, 1954 (ex Streptoprocne zonaris albicincta (Cabanis) , Colombia); D. ( D.) semicollaris Price & Beer, 1962 (ex Streptoprocne semicollaris (DeSaussure) , Mexico); and D. ( D.) spininotus Carriker, 1954 (ex Cypseloides fumigatus (Streubel) , Colombia).

Dennyus ( D.) pichorimi is easily distinguished from the species with known males ( D. ( D.) rotundocapitis and D. ( D.) semicollaris ) by the shape of its parameres ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). The slender parameres of D. ( D.) rotundocapitis are quite distinct from the robust parameres of D. ( D.) pichorimi ( Figs. 1, 2 View FIGURES 1‑4 , 7 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). In the other known species with robust parameres ( D. ( D.) semicollaris ), these are not curved as in the new species ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Also the sternal plate II of D. ( D.) pichorimi is medially divided ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ), as in D. ( D.) semicollaris and D. ( D.) rotundocapitis . The genital sclerite of D. ( D.) pichorimi is also distinctive and unique ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 5‑9 ).

The female of D. ( D.) pichorimi has a sclerotized median sternal plate on segments I and II ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ), but these plates are indistinct in females of D. ( D.) spininotus and D. ( D.) brunneitorques . The head shape of the new species is similar to that of D. ( D.) spininotus , both with truncated and angulated temporal regions ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 5‑9 ), while those of D. ( D.) brunneitorques are distinctly rounded. However, D. ( D.) spininotus has short spine-like setae on the posterior margin of abdominal tergites, while those setae in D. ( D.) pichorimi are slightly thick but normal in shape. Also, D. ( D.) spininotus has more metanotal setae (28 vs. 16 in D. ( D.) pichorimi ) and tergal setae on the first three abdominal segments (30 on I; 36 on II; 38 on III vs. 24, 24, 26, respectively in D. ( D.) pichorimi ). Furthermore, D. ( D.) pichorimi is one of the largest within Dennyus ( Dennyus) , with over 3 mm in TL.

Both sexes of D. ( D.) pichorimi can be promptly distinguished from the new species described below by the number of outer dorsal (10 vs. 3 and 7, in D. ( D.) pascoliae and D. ( D.) malagonensis , respectively) and ventral (5 vs. 4 in D. ( D.) pascoliae ) setae on first tibia.

Description

Male: Habitus dorsal and ventral as in Figs. 1-2 View FIGURES 1‑4 , respectively. Head approximately two times wider than long, cephalic index 0.58 (length/width). Preantennal margin smoothly rounded, temporal and occipital margins distinctly angulated (as in Fig. 5 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Dorsal head seta 5 ( dhs5) short and slender; dhs14, dhs28, and one unnamed setae between the dhs29 and dhs31 short and spiniform. Labial setae 5 ( ls5) 0.28 long (as in Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Gular plate with 9+7 setae.

First tibia with 5 outer lateral ventral and 10 dorsal setae. Prosternal plate with 15 short setae, plus an anterior pair of long setae; mesosternal plate with 23 setae; metasternal plate with 31 setae. Femoral brush III with 59-60 setae. Metapleura with 3-4 long setae on each side; metathorax with 15 setae on posterior margin; median anterior metanotal setae transversely aligned with respect to anterior lateral setae.

Tergal setae, posterior row: I, 19; II, 22; III, 22; IV, 25; V, 28; VI, 24; VII, 24; VIII, 19. Setae on tergites II-VII becoming progressively longer towards the posterior segments, with two or three shorter setae between the longer ones, which reach across the following segment (3+3 on each segment, most of them missing in type series). Relative lengths of median long setae on tergite IV, about 3-6 longer than others of the same segment (0.06-0.10 long); length of longest median setae 0.28-0.36. Sternite I with a pair of long setae (one on each latero-posterior side) and 13 short anterior setae. Sternal plate II medially divided (as in Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Sternal setae, posterior row: II, 15 ; III, 18; IV, 21; V, 12; VI, 11; VII, 6. Anterior sternal rows: II, 35 ; III, 41; IV, 39; V, 26; VI, 25; VII, 8. Sternites I-VII with two irregular anterior rows of setae; sternites V-VII with a large brush of setae on their lateral margins, less distinct in the posterior segments. Sternal brush setae (left and right, respectively) : V, 35+35; VI, 47+43; VII, 26+24 ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1‑4 ). Anterior and posterior setae in brush on sternite VI similar to each other. Sternite VIII with a single row of 10 medium long setae. Lateral plates wide and heavily sclerotized, with 8-11 setae on the posterior margin of segments III-VII (4-5 outermost setae thin and long, nearly of the same length of respective postspiracular setae); dorsal portion of pleurites II-VIII with characteristic incrassations ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1‑4 ) .

Genitalia as in Fig. 7 View FIGURES 5‑9 , with robust parameres inwardly curved and genital sclerite with toothed apex ( Fig. 8 View FIGURES 5‑9 ).

Measurements (n = 1): TW, 0.93; PoW, 0.62; HL, 0.54; PW, 0.53; PrL, 0.29; PrW, 0.21; MW, 0.94;

FeIIL, 0.50; FeIIIL, 0.65; AL, 1.76; AW, 1.28; GL, 1.29; PaL, 0.38; GSL, 0.34; TL, 3.03.

Female: Habitus dorsal and ventral as in Figs. 3-4 View FIGURES 1‑4 , respectively. Similar to the male, except in dimensions and morphology of terminalia. Head as in the male, cephalic index 0.58. Labial setae 5 ( ls5) 0.36 long ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Gular plate with 8+9 setae.

First tibia with 5 and 10 outer lateral ventral and dorsal setae, respectively. Prosternal plate with 13 short spine-like setae, plus an anterior pair of long setae; mesosternal plate with 20 setae; metasternal plate with 24 setae ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Femoral brush III with 54-55 setae. Metapleura with 2-3 long setae on each side; metathorax with 16 setae on its posterior margin.

Tergal setae with only a posterior row: I, 24; II, 24; III, 26; IV, 24; V, 23; VI, 24; VII, 20; VIII, 17. Sternite I with a pair of long setae, one on each latero-posterior side, and 10 short anterior setae ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Sternal plate II medially divided ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 5‑9 ). Sternal setae, posterior row: II, 16; III, 18; IV, 19; V, 13; VI, 11; VII, 4. Anterior sternal rows: II, 24; III, 32; IV, 41; V, 24; VI, 28; VII, 15. Sternal brush setae: V, 41+38; VI, 44+42; VII, 22+20 ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1‑4 ). Subgenital plate without medio-anterior setae; with short (0.10-0.12) lateral marginal setae ( lms, Fig. 9 View FIGURES 5‑9 ) on subgenital plate; roughly similar in size and shape to the median marginal setae (0.12-0.20 long) ( mms, Fig. 9 View FIGURES 5‑9 ), with 4 on each postero-lateral side. Ventral anal fringe with 85 and dorsal anal fringe with 89 setae; without any setae anterior to anal fringe. A regular row of 28 setae on vulvar margin ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 5‑9 ).

Measurements (n = 1): TW, 0.95; PoW, 0.63; HL, 0.55; PW, 0.54; PrL, 0.31; PrW, 0.21; MW, 0.98; FeIIL, 0.52; FeIIIL, 0.65-0.67; AL, 1.93; AW, 1.35; AnW, 0.52; TL, 3.29.

Remarks

Price et al. (2003: 284) did not list chewing lice from either subspecies of Streptoprocne biscutata . The nominal subspecies occurs from SE Brazil to Paraguay and NE Argentina, while S. b. seridoensis – the type host of the new louse species described here – occurs in NE Brazil only. There are highly supported morphological differences among species of Dennyus from different host subspecies ( e.g., Aerodramus brevirostris (Horsfield) , Collocalia linchi Horsfield & Moore ) ( Clayton et al., 1996). Therefore, assuming the high host-specificity between Dennyus species and their hosts (see Tompkins & Clayton, 1999). D. ( D.) pichorimi could be an endemic Brazilian species. Studies of louse samples from the nominal subspecies of Streptoprocne biscutata are necessary to confirm or otherwise falsify such endemicity.