Palliduphantes khobarum (Charitonov, 1947)

Palliduphantes khobarum (Charitonov, 1947) View in CoL

Fig. 1 E View Figure 1

Lephthyphantes [sic!] khobarum Charitonov, 1947: Charitonov 1947 a: 45 –47, 49, 52–53, figs 1–3; Charitonov 1947 b: 1.

Lepthyphantes khobarum Charitonov, 1947: Birstein 1963: 128; Tyshchenko 1971: 23; Brignoli 1980: 190; Tanasevitch 1987: 314; Mikhailov 1997: 73; Kovblyuk 2002: 104; Amelichev et al. 2004: 133, 140; Evtushenko 2004: 66–68; Kovblyuk 2004 c: 251, 253–254, 256; Zagorodniuk and Vargovitsh 2004: 207.

Palliduphantes khobarum (Charitonov, 1947): Kovblyuk 2004 a: 230; Mikhailov 2013: 78; Kovblyuk 2014: 44; Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015: 31–32; Turbanov et al. 2016 b: 1283 –1284; Samokhin and Turbanov 2019: 230. View in CoL

Lephthyphantes [sic!] monticola Kulcz.: Novikov 1912: 104; Lebedinsky 1914: 127; Mokrzecki 1914: 97.

Lepthyphantes monticola (Kulczynski, 1881): Charitonov 1932: 75; Charitonov 1939: 197; Mikhailov 1997: 74.

Anguliphantes monticola (Kulczynski, 1881): Kovblyuk 2004 a: 226; Mikhailov 2013: 42; Kovblyuk 2014: 44; Turbanov et al. 2016 b: 1283. View in CoL

Material examined.

• 1 ♂ ( TNU 10264 ), Crimea, Sevastopol, nr Oboronnoye Vil., Ayu-Kaya Mt., Kay-Kobasy Cave , 6. IV. 2019, S. V. Arefiev leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10231/2 ), Crimea, nr Sevastopol, Tshernaya River canyon, Tshernoretshenskaya Cave , 3. III. 2018, A. A. Nadolny leg. • 2 ♀♀ ( TNU 10262 ), same cave, 15. I. 2020, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10287/2 ), same cave, 3. VI. 2021, I. S. Turbanov, A. A. Nadolny leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10224 ), Crimea, nr Sevastopol, northwestern slope of Ai-Petri Yaila, Baidarskaya Valley, nr Pavlovka Vil., Baidar-Tshokrak Cave , 28. V. 2015, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10183 ), Crimea, nr Sevastopol, northwestern slope of Ai-Petri Yaila, Baidarskaya Valley, nr Rodnikovskoye Vil., Skelskaya Cave , 3. III. 2015, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀ ( IT), same cave, 29. IX. 2020, I. S. Turbanov, A. A. Turbanova leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10232 ), same cave, 4. III. 2018, I. S. Turbanov, A. A. Turbanova leg. • 2 ♀♀ ( TNU 10238/1 ), same cave, 25. IX. 2018, I. S. Turbanov, A. A. Turbanova leg. • 1 ♀ ( IT), Crimea, nr Sevastopol, western part of Ai-Petri Yaila, Karadagh Forest, Zemlyanitshnaya Cave , 18. VI. 2011, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 2 ♀♀ ( TNU 10199/1 ), Crimea, nr Sevastopol, western part of Ai-Petri Yaila, Karadagh Forest, Kristalnaya (= Maksimovitcha) Cave , 1. V. 2013, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♂ ( TNU 10183 ) • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ ( IT), same cave, 6. X. 2020, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 2 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ ( TNU 10263 ), Crimea, Bakhchisarai Distr., northern part of Ai-Petri Yaila, nr Maly Babulghan, Villyaburunskaya Cave , 6. V. 2015, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♂ ( TNU 10222 ), Crimea, Bakhchisarai Distr., northeastern slope of Ai-Petri Yaila, nr Bash-Dere, Avantyura Cave , 15. XI. 2014, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( TNU 10186 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., central part of Tshatyr-Dagh Yaila, Vyalovsky Forest, Paskhalnaya Cave , 12. II. 2015, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10195/3 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., northern part of Tshatyr-Dagh Yaila, Binbash-Koba Cave , 12. II. 2015, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10188 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., nr Perevalnoye Vil., western slope of the Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Kizil-Koba (= Krasnaya) Cave , 9. XI. 2014, A. A. Nadolny leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10225 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., central pаrt of the Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Sliyanie Cave , 23. VII. 2017, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 1 ♀ ( TNU 10182 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., eastern part of Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Vostotshny Potok Cave , 22. II. 2014, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 2 ♀♀ ( TNU 10198 ), Crimea, Simferopol Distr., eastern part of Dolgorukovskaya Yaila, Partizanskaya Cave , 5. IV. 2014, I. S. Turbanov leg. • 5 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ ( TNU 10192 ), Crimea, nr Alushta, south-eastern slope of Karabi Yaila, Tuakskaya (= Ful-Koba) Cave , 8. V. 2012, I. S. Turbanov leg.

Distribution.

East Mediterranean: Greece, Turkey, Ukraine, the south part of European Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran. Crimea lies at the northernmost limit of the species range ( Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015; Nentwig et al. 2024).

Records from the Crimean caves.

Map (Fig. 17 B View Figure 17 – orange circle). Known from the Crimean caves of Sevastopol in the west to Karabi Yaila in the east: Kay-Kobasy, Tshernoretshenskaya, Baidar-Tshokrak, Skelskaya, Zemlyanitshnaya, Kristalnaya, Villyaburunskaya, Ayu-Teshik, Avantyura, Paskhalnaya, Binbash-Koba, Kizil-Koba, Sliyanie, Vostotshny Potok, Partizanskaya, Tisovaya, and Tuakskaya (type locality of P. khobarum ) ( Novikov 1912; Lebedinsky 1914; Charitonov 1947 a; present data).

Ecology.

A troglophile ( Mammola et al. 2018). Palliduphantes khobarum is found everywhere in the mountains and on the southern coast of Crimea ( Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015). One of the most widespread and common spiders in the Crimean caves, apparently capable of maintaining permanent populations in subterranean biotopes; can be classified as an eutroglophile.

Remarks.

Palliduphantes khobarum was described based on the spider collection by Lebedinsky (1914). According to Charitonov (1947 a, b), the reports of Lepthyphantes monticola (now, Anguliphantes monticola ) for the Crimean caves ( Novikov 1912; Lebedinsky 1914; Mokrzecki 1914; Charitonov 1932, 1939) in fact belong to P. khobarum . Yet, a number of researchers have erroneously mentioned A. monticola as occurring in Crimea ( Mikhailov 1997, 2013; Kovblyuk 2004 a, 2014). Later, A. monticola was excluded from the list of species of Crimea ( Kovblyuk and Kastrygina 2015: 32).