Dicyphus cerastii, WAGNER 1951

DICYPHUS CERASTII WAGNER 1951 View in CoL

( FIGS 6, 12 E, 23 B, 30, 35)

Dicyphus cerastii Wagner, 1951: 13 View in CoL (original description); Schuh, 1995: 489 (world catalogue); Kerzhner & Josifov, 1999: 22 (Palaearctic catalogue)

Dicyphus umbertae Sanchez & Cassis, 2006: 288 (original description); new synonymy, this work

Material examined

Croatia: Lastovo : Dalmatia, 42.76810ºN 16.90080ºE, 51 m, 11 May 1948, Novak, 1 ♀ Female, Paratype ( AMNH _ PBI 00208556 About AMNH ) ( MZH) GoogleMaps .

Italy: Torino : Giaveno: Prafiel, 45.03144ºN 7.28472ºE, 1003 m, 25 Ago 2009, ex. Compositae, Sanchez, 5♀♀ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000546 - IMIDA _ ENT 00000550 ), 5 ♂♂ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000551 - IMIDA _ ENT 00000555 ) ( IMIDA) GoogleMaps .

Greece: Crevena : Xirolimni, 40.29801ºN 21.65455ºE, 757 m, 15 Jun 2007. ex. Lamiaceae , 1♂ and nymphs (D75) Sanchez & Cassis GoogleMaps .

Portugal: Estremoz , 38.84222ºN, 7.59908ºW, ex. Hyosciamus albus, Sanchez & Pennaroli , 10 Sept 2004 GoogleMaps , 1♂ holotype of D. umbertae , 2♂♂, 1♀♀ paratypes of Dicyphus umbertae (IMIDA) . Carrapateira , 37.19250ºN, 8.89944W, ex. Solanum lycopersicon, Sanchez & Pennaroli , 12 Sept 2004 GoogleMaps , 2♂♂, 2♀♀ paratypes of D. umbertae (IMIDA) . Leiria: Albergaria , 39.74500ºN 8.89111ºW, 86 m, 01 Jun 1959, Lindberg GoogleMaps , 1 adult sex unknown, ( AMNH _ PBI 00208599 About AMNH ) ( MZH) , 1 adult sex unknown, ( AMNH _ PBI 00208602 About AMNH ) , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208600 About AMNH ) , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208600 About AMNH ) ( MZH) . Porto: Gerez , 41.24888ºN 8.40416ºW, 246 m, 31 May 1959, Lindberg GoogleMaps , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208598 About AMNH ) , 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208603 About AMNH ) ( MZH) . Faro: Ameixial , 37.36813ºN 7.96977ºW, 417 m, 2 Jun 2006, Sanchez, ex. Solanum lycopersicum GoogleMaps , 2♂♂ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000049 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000082 ) , 3♀♀ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000078 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000079 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000080 ) ( IMIDA) ; Alto Alentejo: Castelo de Vide , 39.41423ºN 7.45396ºW, 606 m, 3 June 2006, ex. Solanum lycopersicum, Sanchez GoogleMaps , 5♂♂ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000087 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000088 , IMIDA_ENT 00000048, IMIDA_ENT 00000089, IMIDA _ ENT 00000094 ) , 5♀♀ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000090 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000091 , IMIDA_ENT 00000092, IMIDA _ENT 00000084, IMIDA, IMIDA _ ENT 00000086 ) ( IMIDA) . Portalegre: 39.29672ºN 7.42848ºW, 468 m, 3 Jun 2006, ex. Solanum lycopersicum, Sanchez GoogleMaps , 3♂♂ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000081 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000083 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000085 ) , 2♀♀ ( IMIDA _ ENT 00000076 , IMIDA _ ENT 00000077 ) ( IMIDA) .

Spain: Huesca: Torla, Bujaruelo , 42.70722ºN, 0.12004ºW, 1300 m, 6 Jun 2016, ex. Ononis natrix, Sanchez & La Spina , 1 ♂ (D50-1), 1 adult, sex unknown (D50-2) ( IMIDA). Cataluña: Barcelona: Montseny: Santa Fe, 41.77ºN, 2.46ºE, 2 Oct 2002, Ribes, 1♂, 1♀ (Jordi Ribes Collection) GoogleMaps .

Turkey: Izmir: Smyrna: Mont Jamanl., 38.431ºN 27.146ºE, Sahlberg , 1♀, paratype ( AMNH _ PBI 00208601 About AMNH ) ( MZH) GoogleMaps .

Ukraine: Eupatoria, Tavricheskaya Government : 45.19045ºN 33.36687ºE, 0 m GoogleMaps , 24 Jul 1967, 1♂ paratype of Dicyphus cerastii ( AMNH _ PBI 00208585 About AMNH ) ( MZH) ; 2 0 A u g 1 9 0 7, Ya k o v l e v, 1 ♀ (A M N H _ P B I 00210777) ( ZISP) ; 22 Aug 1907, Yakovlev , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00210778 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) . Crimea: Opolznevoe ( Kikeneiz ), S. coast of Crimea: 44.41012ºN 33.94303ºE, 423 m GoogleMaps , 14 Aug 1926, Kiritshenko , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00210779 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) ; 22 Aug 1926, Kiritshenko , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00210780 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) ; 4 Sep 1926, Kiritshenko , 2 ♀♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00210781 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00210783 About AMNH ) , 3♂♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00210782 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00210784 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00210785 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) , 6 Aug 1926, Kiritshenko , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00341226 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) . Nikitskiy Botanical Gardens : 44.51142ºN 34.23251ºE, 157 m GoogleMaps , 12 Jul 1951, Loginova , 2♂♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00341227 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00341228 About AMNH ) ( ZISP) .

Diagnosis

Dicyphus cerastii is recognized by the following combination of characters: macropterous males and females. Body length 3.84–4.65 mm in males, 4.17– 4.79 mm in females. Orange-brown or dark-brown morphs ( Fig. 30); macropterous males and females; AI mostly reddish to dark brown; AII subequal to a little longer in length to posterior width of pronotum; AII with medial pale annulation; hemelytra with three pairs of markings (endocorial spot almost obsolete in paler morph); male abdominal SVIII with prominent tumose sternal process on left side ( Fig. 6F); apophysis of left paramere robust and short with spatulate apex toothed ( Fig. 23B); aedeagus with two arcuate lobal sclerites, lobal sclerites asymmetrical ( Fig. 12E).

Redescription

Males. Macropters only known. Coloration: Dark-brown morph ( Fig. 30): dorsum mostly dark brown to black, with contrasting stramineous markings. Head: frons+vertex shiny with a X-shaped dark marking, with lateral regions and midline stramineous, sometimes with minor orange highlighting; posterior region of head mostly orangish yellow, with medial embrownment; clypeus dark, sometimes a little paler medially; mandibular plate stramineous; gula dark brown with broad stramineous to yellow stripe. Antennae: mostly dark brown; AI dark brown, with extremities narrowly yellow to stramineous; AII mostly dark brown with broad medial stramineous band, extremities yellow to stramineous; AIII mostly dark brown, with base yellow to stramineous; AIV dark brown. Pronotum: collar dark and shiny, with medial stramineous spot; calli shiny, dark brown with minor yellow stripe, midline broadly yellow to stramineous; disk mostly shiny dark brown, obscurely yellow to stramineous medially. Thoracic pleura and sterna: propleuron black, ventral margin whitish to stramineous; mesobasisternum uniformly shiny dark brown; mesepimeron whitish; metepisternum and MTG dull dark brown. Mesoscutum: dark brown, with lateral regions orangish. Scutellum : dull dark-brown with anterolateral angles stramineous. Hemelytra : translucent, mostly very light brown usually with three small dark-brown spots, at corial fracture, middle of apical margin of endocorium and tip of cuneus; endocorium and clavus with brown spotting. Abdomen: venter variable in colour, either uniformly dark brown or stramineous medially with lateral regions dark brown; tergites more uniformly dark brown. Orange-Brown Morph ( Fig. 30): dorsum mostly pale orange brown, with wings translucent, with contrasting reddish brown markings, sometimes with minor red/orange highlighting. Head: mostly pale orange-brown; frons+vertex also with a narrow, X-shaped dark-brown marking; clypeus, mandibular and maxillary plates mostly medium brown; postocular margins broadly medium brown and shiny, extending dorsally towards gula; gula and bucculae broadly yellow to stramineous. Antennae: AI mostly red to reddish brown, with extremities yellow to stramineous; AII distinctly banded, base and medial region stramineous, contrasting with small subbasal and distal 1/3rd reddish to medium brown; AIII mostly reddish to medium brown with small basal stramineous band; AIV reddish to medium brown. Pronotum: collar white to stramineous, translucent; calli and disk mostly pale brown, sometimes with pale red highlighting; humeral angles narrowly darker brown. Thoracic pleura and sterna: propleuron pale orange-brown, with pleural suture darker brown, ventral margin white to stramineous; mesobasisternum uniformly medium brown and shiny; mesepimeron uniformly white to stramineous, dull; metepisternum pale orange brown, peritreme darker than evaporative area. Mesoscutum: uniformly pale orange brown, sometimes with red highlighting. Scutellum : medially pale orange brown, lateral angles stramineous. Hemelytra : translucent, mostly very light brown usually with three small light-brown to red-brown spots, at corial fracture, middle of apical margin of endocorium and tip of cuneus; endocorium and clavus with red spotting. Abdomen: venter mostly pale orange-brown, with SII and SIII consistently brown; pygophore concolorous with pregenital venter, without large brown spot ventrally.

Structure: Head: interocular distance 0.97–1.25× greater than eye width. Antennae: AI short, 1.73– 2.25× longer than interocular distance. Pronotum: AII 1.20–1.39× longer than posterior width of pronotum. Male genitalia: males with left sternal tumose process on abdominal SVIII ( Fig. 6F); left paramere robust and short apophysis, with outer margin of apex spatulate and toothed; setae of sensory lobe very long, reaching distally beyond 1/2 length of spatulate region ( Fig. 23B); aedeagus with three well-developed endosomal lobes, two of the lobes with a single arcuate moderately sized sclerite each ( Fig. 12E).

Females. Macropters only known. Coloration, vestiture, texture and structure mostly as in males. Head: interocular distance 1.06–1.37× greater than eye width. Antennae: AI 1.55–1.98× longer than interocular distance; AII 0.95–1.18× longer than posterior pronotal width. Pronotum: disk 1.26–1.72× longer than callosite region.