Dicyphus constrictus, (BOHEMAN, 1852)

DICYPHUS CONSTRICTUS ( BOHEMAN, 1852) View in CoL

( FIGS 2, 12 F, 23 C, 35)

Capsus constrictus Boheman 1852: 74 View in CoL (original description).

Dicyphus (Dicyphus) constrictus View in CoL : Carvalho, 1958: 195 (world catalogue); Schuh, 1995: 489 (world catalogue); Kerzhner & Josifov, 1999: 22 (Palaearctic catalogue).

Dicyphus constrictus eduardi Josifov & Nikolay, 2008: 99 (original description)

Material examined

Austria: Carnische Alp., 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208576 About AMNH ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00208577 About AMNH ) ( MZH) .

Bulgaria: Brese , 43.01666°N 23.21666°E, 795 m, 24 Jul 1997, Horvath, 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00213948 About AMNH ) ( HNHM) GoogleMaps .

Finland: Ekero , 60.02 N 23.32, 4♂♂ (AMNH-PBI 00209469), 4♀♀, 1♂ (AMNH-PBI 00209470), 4♀♀, 1♂ (AMNH-PBI 00209471) , 22 July 1917, Hakan Lindberg. Pargas, 60.30129ºN 22.30243ºE, 2 m, Horvath, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00213947 About AMNH ) ( HNHM) GoogleMaps ; Horvath , 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00213946 About AMNH ) ( HNHM) .

France: Nord-Pas de Calais: Boulogne-sur-Mer , 50.72555°N 1.61472°E, Oct 1983, 2 adults sex u n k n o w n (A M N H_P B I 0 0 2 0 9 5 7 8, A M N H_ P B I 00209579) ( MNHN) GoogleMaps .

Poland: Mielnik , 52.33108ºN 23.04596ºE, 141 m, 17 Jun 1987, Gorczyca, Salicion albae (habitat), 2 adults sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206847 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00206848 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps .

Romania: Sinaia , 45.33083°N 25.55527°E, 793 m, Aug 1960, Sienkiewicz, 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206845 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps .

Sweden: Jamtlands: Frösön , 63.16666°N 14.58194°E, 305 m, 27 Jul 1941, Ossiannilsson, 2♀♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00212498 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00212499 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) GoogleMaps . Frösön , 63.16666°N 14.58194°E, 299 m, 27 Jul 1941, Ossiannilson, 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206843 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps ; 16 Aug 1942, Ossiannilsson , 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206841 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) . Sýter , 60.34555°N 15.75833°E, 172 m, 02 Sep–04 Sep 1944, Ossiannilsson, 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206844 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps . Scania: Fagelsang , 56.417350ºN, 13.192663ºE, 67 m, 26 Jul 1939, Ossiannilsson, 3♀♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 002124954 About AMNH ♂ AMNH _ PBI 00212497 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) GoogleMaps , 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206842 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) , 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00212494 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) . Stockholm: Stockholm: Ekerý: Drottningholm , 59.32472°N 17.889341°E, 14 m, 19 Aug 1940, Kemner, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00212503 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) GoogleMaps . Nysýtra, Oxdjupet tr., 59.74194°N 17.17194°E, 14 m, 27 Aug 1975, Ossiannilsson, 1♂ ( AMNH _ PBI 00212504 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) GoogleMaps . Uppsala: Ultuna , 59.85805°N 17.64444°E, 170 m, 15 Aug 1939, Kemner, 2♀♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00212500 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00212501 About AMNH ) ( MZLU) GoogleMaps .

United Kingdom: England: Bedford: Renhold , 52.1625°N 0.4025°E, 56 m, 04 Aug 1975, Leston, 2 adults sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206849 About AMNH , AMNH _ PBI 00206850 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps . Bedfordshire: Rowney Warren , 52.05054°N 0.35944°W, 73 m, 12 Aug 1975, Leston, 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00206851 About AMNH ) ( AMNH) GoogleMaps . Devon: Torrington , 50.95194°N 4.13666°E, 96 m, 13 Jul 1957, 4 adults sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00204187 About AMNH - AMNH _ PBI 00204188 About AMNH , AMNH_PBI 00204190 AMNH _ PBI 00204191 About AMNH ) ( BMNH) GoogleMaps . Dorset: Lulworth: Bransgore: Christchurch , 50.754769ºN 2.346513ºW, 15 m, G. C. C., 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00204245 About AMNH ) ( BMNH) GoogleMaps . Snowdonia , Aug 1912, Butler, 1 adult sex unknown ( AMNH _ PBI 00204189 About AMNH ) ( BMNH) .

Diagnosis

Dicyphus constrictus is recognized by the following combination of characters: macropterous and brachypterous males ( Fig. 2) and females. Body length 4.26–4.99 mm in macropterous males; body length reported by Wagner (1970) for brachypterous males 3.6–4.4 mm; 4.77–4.80 mm in macropterous and 3.38– 4.36 mm in brachypterous females; pale body with contrasting dark-brown markings ( Fig. 2); corium usually with less than three pairs of spots; AI mostly stramineous with subbasal and subapical brown annulations, latter often pale; interocular distance greater than eye width in macropters, subequal in brachypters; AI greatly elongate, c. 2× interocular distance; AII>1.5× longer than posterior width of pronotum in males, 1.20× in females; shiny dark-brown band on propleuron short, not extending beyond posterior margin of callosite region; callosite region generally>2× longer than collar along midline; disk region generally <1.2× longer than callosite region along midline; apophysis of left paramere robust and short ( Fig. 23C); endosoma with three membraneous lobes, with pair of large weakly arcuate endosomal lobal sclerites ( Fig. 12F).

Redescription

Males. Macropters and brachypters known (only macropters examined).

Coloration ( Fig. 2): Dorsum mostly stramineous, with contrasting dark-brown markings, without red highlighting. Head: frons+vertex with a broad, X-shaped dark-brown to fuscous marking; clypeus dark brown, with lateral margins sometimes paler; mandibular plates stramineous; maxillary plates dark brown; posteromedial region of vertex yellowish brown to orange; postocular margins of head shiny dark brown; gula and bucculae stramineous. Antennae: AI mostly stramineous, with subbasal and subapical medium-brown annulations, extreme tip sometimes whitish, sometimes more broadly red; AII mostly stramineous, with narrow medium brown annulation, and distal 1/4 medium brown, sometimes with tip whitish; AIII base stramineous, remainder medium brown; AIV uniformly medium brown. Pronotum: collar white to stramineous, translucent, sometimes darker laterally; calli pale orange to light brown with lateral darker markings extending to propleuron; disk stramineous pale brown, sometimes translucent, humeral angles darker brown. Thoracic pleura and sterna: mostly stramineous to light pale brown, with short transverse shiny dark-brown marking, mostly anterior, not extending beyond posterior margin of callosite region in lateral view; mesobasisternum uniformly medium brown, almost shiny; mesepimeron and metepisternum stramineous, sometimes with evaporative area embrowned. Mesoscutum: mostly yellow to orange, sometimes with embrownment. Scutellum : lateral angles stramineous with a broad yellow to orange stripe along midline. Hemelytra : translucent, mostly very light brown, usually with less than three pairs of obscure pale reddish brown to light-brown spots, at corial fracture, middle of apical margin of endocorium, and tip of cuneus generally obsolete; corium and clavus without red or brown spotting medially; membrane veins brown, without red highlighting. Abdomen: venter mostly stramineous. region of pronotum glossy; pronotal disk dull; hemelytra dull and translucent.

Structure: Head: interocular distance 1.02–1.21× greater than eye width in macropters. Antennae: AI 1.88–2.25× longer than interocular distance in macropters; AII 1.52–1.80× longer than posterior width of pronotum in macropters. Male genitalia: apophysis of left paramere robust and short, spatulate apex moderately long, with outer margin rounded, without teeth ( Fig. 23C); aedeagus with three well-developed endosomal lobes, with two large weakly arcuate lobal sclerites ( Fig. 12F).

Females. Macropters and brachypters known. Coloration, vestiture, texture and structure mostly as in males. Head: interocular distance 1.12–1.25× greater than eye width in macropterous and 1.05– 1.25× greater that eye width in brachypterous females; Antennae: AI 1.87–1.95× longer than interocular distance in macropters, 1.68–2.03× in brachypters; AII 1.21–1.27× longer than posterior pronotal width in macropters, 1.45–1.59× in brachypters. Pronotum: disk region 1.15–1.27× longer than callosite region in macropters, 0.69–0.96× in brachypters.