Pseudoglomeris Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893

Genus Pseudoglomeris Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 View in CoL

Pseudoglomeris Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893: 42, type: Perisphaeria ( Perisphaeria) glomeris by original designation — Saussure 1863: 135; Saussure and Zehntner, 1895: 37; Li et al. 2018. View in CoL

“ Corydidarum View in CoL ” Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1865 in Beccaloni (2014). Synonymized by Li et al. 2018: 259.

Trichoblatta Saussure & Zehntner, 1895: 44 — Kirby 1904: 191; Princis 1964: 207. Type species: Perisphaeria sericea by subsequent designation; synonymized by Li et al. 2018: 259. View in CoL

Kurokia Shiraki, 1906: 188, type species K. nigra by monotypy — Princis 1964: 207, as synonym of Trichoblatta. Synonymized by Li et al. 2018: 259. View in CoL

Glomerexis Bey-Bienko, 1938: 123, type species Glomerexis tibetana Bey-Bienko, 1938 by original designation — Wang and Che 2011: 367. Synonymized by Li et al. 2018: 259; Li 2021: 9. View in CoL

Glomeriblatta Bey-Bienko, 1950: 270, type species Pseudoglomeris planiuscula Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893: 44, by original designation — Princis 1964: 207, as synonym of Trichoblatta. Synonymized by Li et al. 2018: 259. View in CoL

Diagnosis.

Female neotenic, slightly bulging and oval, integument thick; in male adults, hardening limited to pronotum. Pronotum with typical ventral carinae (Fig. 2 D View Figure 2 ), which end with a lobe or a process, more evident in males. Front femur type C or D. In females and nymphs, abdominal tergites possess one or more pits at sides along tergal furrow (figs 2 N, 5–7 M, 8 L, 9 M). Cerci of nymphs and females very short, segments fused into a single segment. Male phallic complex: sclerotizations of cleft phallomere are R 1 T’, R 2 ’, R 3 ’ and R 5 ’; virga (Fig. 2 G View Figure 2 ) well developed (except subgenus Glomerexis ); basolateral sclerite large approximately as wide as hook-like phallomere (Fig. 2 G View Figure 2 ); hook-base sclerite and hook at same side ( Li et al. 2018). This genus is similar to Perisphaerus Audinet-Serville, 1831 , but they can be easily distinguished: the females and nymphs of Perisphaerus can roll up into a ball and which body is plump, while in Pseudoglomeris they cannot, and the pronotum of males of Perisphaerus is more convex than that of males of Pseudoglomeris . Two tropical genera of Perisphaerinae — Frumentiforma Li, Wang & Wang, 2018 and Achatiblatta Li, Wang & Wang, 2018 — live in the same habitat as the species of Pseudoglomeris . Achatiblatta can be distinguished from Pseudoglomeris by its small body size; females and nymphs do not bear pits. Frumentiforma can be distinguished from Pseudoglomeris by the small, slender, cylindrical body and large head, which is wider than ½ of body width.

Description.

Male: head (Fig. 1 A, B View Figure 1 ): roundly triangular, as wide as 1 / 3 width of pronotum, middle of frons exhibits a concavity; surface with slight metallic luster or not; eyes large and reniform, interocular space at vertex narrow; ocelli round or triangular, pale or hardly visible; antennal sockets round, larger than or equal to ocelli; length of antenna ½ length of body, scape and pedicel relatively stout and elongate, flagellar segments short, with terminal flagellar segments more elongated and slender (Fig. 1 I View Figure 1 ); longest maxillary palpomere to the shortest one as 5 th, 3 rd, 4 th, 2 nd, 1 st; 5 th maxillary palpomere with apex truncated, hollow (Fig. 1 F View Figure 1 ); length of 1 st and 2 nd segments of labial palpi equal, 3 rd labial palpomere elongated and apex truncated. Pronotum: transverse, anterior margin curved, posterior margin straight, disc convex; dorsal surface with obvious punctations or not; ventrum with typical carinae at sides, which end with a lobe or a process. Tegmina: fully developed, reduced, or absent; in macropterous form, elongated oval, venation with lots of obvious cells composed by longitudinal veins and numerous cross-veins, color the same as dorsal surface of pronotum; in brachypterous form, tegmina ovate, leathery, covering ½ of abdomen, with lots of obvious cells, color the same as dorsal surface of pronotum. Legs: dark red to black, sometimes slightly metallic; front femur type C 1 or sometimes C 0 or D; hind and middle legs with or without one spine on posterior margin of femur, with or without a basal spine (Fig. 1 G View Figure 1 ); tarsomeres 1–4 with pulvilli (Fig. 1 E View Figure 1 ), tarsal claws symmetrical, arolia present (Fig. 1 H View Figure 1 ). Abdomen: soft, color similar to pronotum; 8 th abdominal sternite largely covered by 7 th sternite, only posterior margin exposed; subgenital plate with a large membranous area on right side (Fig. 3 K View Figure 3 ); styli present or absent on both sides; paraprocts obvious and apex rounded, left one stouter than right one. Genitalia (Fig. 2 G – J View Figure 2 ): male phallic complex consisting of three major parts, namely, cleft phallomere, middle phallomere, and hook-like phallomere; sclerotizations of cleft phallomere are R 1 T, R 2, R 3 and R 5; R 1 T and R 2 forming hairpin sclerite, R 5 and R 3 oval, upper ½ of R 5 and R 3 gradually narrowing; middle phallomere composed of rod sclerite and virga or only rod sclerite; rod sclerite virgulate, virga oval, linking rod sclerite by thin sheet; hook-like phallomere containing three sclerites: basolateral sclerite flaky; hook-base sclerite triangular or stripe-shaped; terminal part of hook-apex sclerite bifurcate or not.

Female: head: rounder than male, surface with slight metallic luster or not; width of head 1 / 3 width of pronotum; middle of frons exhibits a concavity or not; eyes large and reniform, interocular space on vertex wider than males; ocelli round or triangular, smaller than that of males, pale or hardly visible; antennal sockets round, bigger than ocelli; length and shape of antenna, labial palpus and maxillary palpus similar to males (Fig. 1 A – D View Figure 1 ). Pronotum: transverse, anterior margin curved, posterior margin truncated, dorsal surface with obvious punctations or not; thicker than in males; disk convex; ventral pronotum with typical carinae at sides (Fig. 2 M View Figure 2 ). Tegmina and hindwing absent; abdomen integument hardened, sometimes slightly metallic; pits usually present on both sides of third through seventh tergum. Abdomen: 8 th and 9 th abdominal tergites concealed, only posterior margins exposed. Cerci of females very short, with only one segment. Supra-anal plate transversely oval, anterior margin truncated, posterior margin curved; dorsal surface with punctations. Genitalia (Fig. 2 O View Figure 2 ): Two tergal extensionsstraight, linking supra-anal plate and major part of genitalia; two gonocoxae banded and curved, extremity of gonocoxae approaching each other; gonangulum rectangular or trapezoidal, one or two protrusions present on apical edge; valvula I bended, extremity of valvula I rounded, containing two sclerites internally (sclerotization of valvula I); valvula II bended, valvula III triangular; basal part of valvula II and valvula III enlarged; anterior arch of 2 nd valvifer ring shallowly arched; lateral part of posterior lobe of 2 nd valvifer ring short, tip enlarged and arrowhead-shaped.

Remarks.

The term “ Corydidarum ” was initially regarded as a generic name in the cockroach species file ( Beccaloni 2014) and later classified as a synonym of Pseudoglomeris ( Li et al. 2018) . Poggi (2023) clarified that “ Corydidarum ” is not a scientific name. Brunner von Wattenwyl (1865) wrote “ Corydidarum gen. et sp. nov. ”, indicating that Perisphaeria ( Blepharodera) sericea Saussure, 1863 should be regarded as a new species within a yet-to-be-described genus of the family Corydiidae ( Poggi 2023) . The term “ Corydidarum ”, meaning “ of the Corydidae [ Corydiidae ] ”, is merely the Latin plural genitive (correctly ending in - arum) of the family name Corydiidae .