Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis ) luteola Alexander, 1938

Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis) luteola Alexander, 1938 View in CoL

Figs 44–48 View Figures 44–48 , 86 View Figures 77–93

Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis) luteola Alexander, 1938 b: 152; Savchenko and Krivolutskaya 1976: 38–39 (misidentification); Savchenko 1983: 42–43; Savchenko 1989: 28; Pilipenko and Sidorenko 2006: 140; Pilipenko 2009: 335. View in CoL

Type material examined.

North Korea • Holotype ♀ (antenna and wing slide mounted); Ompo ; alt. 46 m; 7 June 1937; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM ; Paratype • 1 ♀ (wing slide mounted); Ompo ; 7 June 1938 (probably, should be 1937, because original description says that it is paratopotypical); A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM .

Other examined material

(Fig. 86 View Figures 77–93 ). North Korea • 1 ♀ (pinned); Ompo ; alt. 183 m; 22 May 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♀ (pinned); Ompo ; alt. 46 m; 25 May 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♂, 4 ♀ (pinned, male genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Ompo ; alt. 91–152 m; 29 May 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 2 ♀, 1 ex. (pinned); Ompo ; alt. 107 m; 8 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Seren ; alt. 914 m; 14 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 2 ♂, 2 ex. with broken abdomens (pinned, 1 male genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Seren ; alt. 762 m; 18 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 4 ♂, 1 ♀ (pinned, 1 ♂ genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Seren ; alt. 1280 m; 18 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 5 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvials with glycerol on same pins); Seren ; alt. 914 m; 22 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♀ (pinned); Seren ; alt. 1219 m; 22 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♀, 1 ex. with broken abdomen (pinned); Seren ; alt. 549 m; 26 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 2 ♂, 1 ex. with broken abdomen (pinned, 1 ♂ genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Seren ; alt. 762 m; 26 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 3 ♀ (pinned); Seren ; alt. 1067 m; 29–30 June 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 3 ♂, 2 ♀ (pinned); Seren ; alt. 853 m; 2–3 July 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 2 ♀ (pinned); Seren ; alt. 914 m; 5–6 July 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 3 ♀ (pinned); Seren ; alt. 1219 m; 18–19 July 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 2 ♂, 2 ♀ (pinned, male genitalia in microvials with glycerol on same pins); Seren ; alt. 1372 m; 18–19 July 1938; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM • 1 ♂ (antenna, fore, middle and hind legs, wing and abdomen slide mounted); Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan ; alt. 1768 m; 13 June 1939; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; Ch. P. Alexander det.; USNM • 1 ♂ (antenna, leg, wing and genitalia slide mounted); Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan ; alt. 1524 m; 24 July 1939; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; Ch. P. Alexander det.; USNM • 1 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Chonsani ; alt. 1219 m; 8 June 1940; A. M. Yankovsky leg.; USNM ; South Korea • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (in ethanol); Gangwon-do, Pyeongchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon , Dongsan-ri , Odaesan National Park ; 37.73920°N, 128.59398°E; alt. 794 m; 22 June 2012 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 2 ♂, 3 ♀ (in ethanol); Gyeongsangbuk-do, Yeongju-si, Punggi-eup, Sucheol-ri ; 36.91772°N, 128.45811°E; alt. 700 m; 4 October 2019; C. Lim, C. V. Duong leg.; net; KUEM GoogleMaps • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (in ethanol); Gyeongsangbuk-do, Hamyang-gun, Macheon-myeon, Samjeong-ri ; 35.34214°N, 127.64049°E; alt. 740 m; 30 September 2021; J. Kim, C. Lim, D. Lee leg.; net; KUEM GoogleMaps .

Redescription.

General body colouration yellow to brownish yellow. Body length of male ~ 4.5 mm, of female 5.2–6.0 mm. Wing length of male 5.8–6.0 mm, of female 5.3–7.0 mm.

Head. Brownish grey to light grey because of dense grey pruinosity. Antenna (Fig. 44 View Figures 44–48 ) short and thick, hardly reaching frontal margin of prescutum if bent backwards in male, 0.6–0.8 mm long in female. Scape yellow to yellowish brown. Pedicel yellow in male, darker in female. Flagellum 11 - segmented, dark brown or black. Flagellomeres compact, oval or barrel-shaped, covered with pale pubescence. Apical flagellomere large, at least as long as preceding segment. Longest verticils slightly shorter than respective flagellomeres. Rostrum yellow to brownish yellow, two basal palpomeres yellow, two terminal palpomeres black.

Thorax. Generally yellow, dorsum yellowish brown dusted with grey. Presutural scutum pale brown without longitudinal stripes, sometimes with dark medial darkening. Scutellum, mediotergite and pleuron yellow. Wing (Fig. 45 View Figures 44–48 ) long and narrow both in male and female, nearly 4 × as long as wide, subhyaline, milky, slightly iridescent, without darker pattern, except cells beyond cord which are a trifle darker. Stigma missing. Veins pale brownish grey, a little darker beyond cord. Venation: Sc long, reaching far beyond branching point of R 2 + 3 + 4. Cross-vein sc-r could be closer to base of Rs than to humeral vein, in the middle between base of Rs and humeral vein in holotype, it could be very weak or totally missing in some specimens. Rs ~ 2 × as long as m-cu, nearly straight, just slightly arched at base. Free end of R 1 very short, distinctly shorter than R 2. Vein R 2 oblique. Distal portions of R 3, R 4, and R 5 straight and parallel to each other. Cell r 3 with very short stem, distinctly shorter than r-m, but length of stem varies individually. Discal cell missing due to reduction of m-m, but Savchenko (1983) mentions, that some specimens, both males and females have fully developed or reduced vein m-m. Cell m 1 short, its stem 2.6 × as long as cell itself. Cross-vein m-cu distinctly beyond branching point of M. Vein CuP nearly straight, A 1 slightly arched. Anal angle widely rounded. Halter pale yellow with more intensely yellow knob. Length of male halter 0.8 mm, of female 0.9 mm. Coxae and trochanters yellow to pale yellow. Femora pale brown. Tibiae and basitarsi whitish to pale yellow with narrowly darkened tips. Second and third tarsomeres whitish yellow, terminal tarsomeres darkened. Male femur I: 3.8 mm long, II: 3.9 mm, III: 4.3 mm, tibia I: 4.6 mm, II: 3.8–3.9 mm, III: 3.8 mm, tarsus I: 5.5 mm, II: 4.3–4.4 mm, III: 3.8 mm. Female femur I: 3.7 mm long, II: 3.2–4.2 mm, III: 3.6–4.1 mm, tibia I: 3.4 mm, II: 3.1–3.8 mm, III: 3.4–4.1 mm, tarsus II: 3.0– 4.5 mm, III: 3.7–4.4 mm. Claw simple, without spines, pale yellow.

Abdomen. Yellow to brownish yellow in male, somewhat darker in female. Tergites a little more infuscated than sternites, especially medially. Entire sixth segment dark brown in male, only posterior margin darkened in female. Seventh segment dark brown both in male and female. Male terminalia (Fig. 46 View Figures 44–48 ) yellow. Posterior margin of epandrium nearly straight with distinct nearly parallel-sided medial plate and sickle-shaped lateral lobe (Fig. 47 View Figures 44–48 ). Medial lobe nearly quadrangular, approximately as long as wide. Gonocoxite slightly longer than wider, simple, without additional lobes. Interbase long, wider at base, slightly arched, bifid at tip. Outer gonostylus short and wide, round-apexed, covered with dense blackish spinulae. Inner gonostylus long and narrow, finger-shaped. Aedeagus short and wide. Ninth sternite with very deep and wide membranous concavity postero-medially. Ovipositor (Fig. 48 View Figures 44–48 ) brownish yellow. Cercus polished brown basally, brownish yellow distally.

Elevation range.

From sea level to nearly 1800 m.

Period of activity.

Adults fly the whole of both June and July.

Habitats.

Small mountainous streams, partly disappearing underground, densely covered with broad leaved trees, shrubs, herbaceous vegetation in Korea. Southern slopes of rocky canyons of small streams surrounded by broad leaved forests in the Kedrovaya Padj sanctuary in the Far East of Russia ( Savchenko 1983).

General distribution.

North Korea and Far East of Russia.

Remarks.

The species is recorded from South Korea for the first time. Dicranota luteola is similar to D. complicata Savchenko, 1979 from Sakhalin. Dicranota complicata was mistakenly identified as D. luteola by Savchenko and Krivolutskaya (1976), later described as new species. Judging from the illustration in Savchenko (1983: fig. 10) males from the Far East of Russia (Kedrovaya Padj sanctuary) and males from Korea identified as D. luteola by Ch. P. Alexander belong to different species. Especially, distinct differences exist in the structure of epandrium: the medial lobe of Korean males is much shorter than that of Savchenko’s specimens, the lateral lobe of Korean males is distinctly larger and stronger. The interbase of Korean males has a subapical tooth resembling that of D. complicata , but the interbase of Savchenko’s males has no subapical tooth. The original description of D. luteola was based on two females. Probably, at least three related species exist in the Eastern Palaearctic, and Savchenko’s males from the Far East of Russia belong to new undescribed species.