Guatteria decurrens R.E.Fr.

3. Guatteria decurrens R.E.Fr. View in CoL — Fig. 3c View Fig , 5 View Fig ; Map 3

Guatteria decurrens R.E.Fr. (1938) 720. — Type: Killip & Smith 29585 (holo US; iso F), Peru, Loreto, Soledad, on Río Itaya , 110 m, 20–22 Sept. 1929.

Guatteria rugosa R.E.Fr. (1939) 501,syn.nov. — Type: Krukoff 4664 (holo S; iso F, U), Brazil, Amazonas , Basin of Rio Juruá , near mouth of Rio Embira, tributary of Rio Tarauacá, 4 June 1933.

Tree 2.5–35 m tall, 2– 40 cm diam; young twigs densely to rath- er densely covered with rough, brown, erect to half-appressed hairs up to 3 mm long, finally glabrous. Leaves: petioles 1–7 mm long, 2 –3 mm diam; lamina narrowly elliptic-obovate or narrowly elliptic, rarely elliptic, 11– 34 by 4 –11 cm (leaf index 2.2 – 5.5), chartaceous, brownish green above, brownish green to light brown below, very densely to densely verruculose on both sides, glabrous above, densely to rather densely, sometimes sparsely covered with rough, erect to appressed hairs, up to 2 mm long below, base attenuate to acute, apex acuminate (acumen 10–40 mm long), primary vein impressed above, secondary veins 13– 30 on each side, flat or slightly impressed above, forming a marginal vein at a shortest distance of 1.5 –5 mm to the margin. Flowers in 1(– 2)-flowered inflorescences in axils of leaves; pedicels 12– 30 mm long, 1.5 – 2 mm diam, fruiting pedicels 25 – 40(–50) mm long, rather densely to sparsely covered with erect, half-appressed or sometimes appressed hairs up to 2 mm long, articulated at 0.1–0.3 from the base, bracts c. 5, soon falling; flower buds broadly ovoid or broadly ellipsoid; sepals free or basally connate, ovate to triangular to broadly so, 5 –12 by 5 –7 mm, appressed or at last reflexed, outer side densely to rather densely, sometimes sparsely covered with erect, half-appressed or sometimes appressed hairs up to 2 mm long; petals green, yellowish green, maturing yellow to creamy yellow, elliptic or ovate-elliptic or narrowly so, 15– 25 by 6 –13 mm, outer side densely (particularly the base) to rather densely covered with appressed pale brown hairs; stamens 1.5– 2.5 mm long, connective shield papillate. Monocarps 15– 60, green, maturing purplish black to black in vivo, brown in sicco, ellipsoid, 15– 25 by 7–12 mm, sparsely to rather densely covered with rough, appressed hairs, apex rounded or apiculate (apiculum < 0.2 mm long), wall 0.3 –1 (–1.5) mm thick, stipes 5 –15 by 1–2 mm. Seed ellipsoid, 15 –25 by 7–12 mm, dark brown to brown, shiny, slightly longitudinally and somewhat horizontally grooved.

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Map 3 Distribution of Guatteria decurrens R.E.Fr. ( $), G. griseifolia Maas & Westra (o), G.meliodora R.E.Fr. ( 0), G.novogranatensis R.E.Fr. (¢), G. peruviana R.E.Fr. ( ≥), and G. trichocarpa Erkens & Maas ( 5).

Distribution — Colombia (Amazonas), Ecuador ( Morona-Santiago, Napo, Pastaza, Sucumbios, Zamora-Chinchipe), Peru (Amazonas, Loreto, Oxapampa) and Brazil (Amazonas).

Habitat & Ecology — In primary, non-inundated, lowland or rarely premontane forest, sometimes in periodically inundated forest, on lateritic to clayey or rarely white sandy soil. At elevations of 100– 500 m, rarely (in Ecuador) up to 1300 m. Flowering: August to April; fruiting: April to January.

Vernacular names — Ecuador: Caracaspi ( Alvarez et al. 2407, Zuleta 212). Peru: Carahuasca ( Ellenberg 2852), Espintana ( Ayala et al. 2546), Yais ( Rojas et al. 36).

Note — Guatteria decurrens can be confused with G. guianensis . For the differences see under that species.