Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E.Fr.

9. Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E.Fr. View in CoL — Fig.11, 12 View Fig ; Plate 1d–f; Map 2 View Map 2

Guatteria guianensis (Aubl.) R.E.Fr. (1939) View in CoL 505, f. 32a–c; Maas et al. (2007) 639. — Aberemoa View in CoL guianensis Aubl. (1775) View in CoL 610, t. 245. — Guatteria aberemoa Dunal (1817) View in CoL 126,nom.illeg. — Type: Aublet s.n. (lecto BM), French Guiana, “in silvis remotis Sinemariensibus”.

Guatteria aberemoa Dunal var. microcarpa DC. (1817) View in CoL 502, syn. nov. — Type: not seen.

Guatteria multivenia Diels (1927) View in CoL 171,syn.nov.— Type: Tessmann 5192 (holo B; iso G), Peru, Loreto, Lower Río Itaya, Soledad , 110 m, 13 June 1925.

129

Guatteria excellens R.E.Fr. (1938) 721, syn.nov. — Type: Klug 1273 (holo F; iso US), Peru, Loreto, Mishuyacu, near Iquitos , 100 m, Apr. 1930.

Guatteria calophylla R.E.Fr. (1939) 507, f. 32d–f, syn. nov. — Type: Krukoff 1534 (holo S; iso F, NY, U), Brazil, Mato Grosso, source of Rio Jatuarana, Machado River region , Dec. 1931.

Guatteria robusta R.E.Fr. (1957a) 328,syn. nov. — Type: Fróes 20788 (holo NY), Brazil, Amazonas, São Paulo de Olivença, Apr. 1945.

Tree 3 – 25 m tall, 4 – 25 cm diam; young twigs and petioles densely covered with a velutinous indument of erect, often curly, brown hairs up to 0.5 mm long, becoming glabrous in age. Leaves: petioles 0–10 mm long, 4 – 8 mm diam; lamina narrowly elliptic to narrowly elliptic-obovate, 20– 63 by 6 – 21 cm (leaf index 2.6 – 4.5), chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, brown or greenish to greyish brown and often somewhat shiny above, brown below, densely to rather densely verruculose, glabrous above, rather densely to sparsely covered with erect to appressed hairs below, base attenuate, the extreme base a rounded lobule on each side, apex acuminate, (acumen 5 – 30 mm long and ending in a acute tip), primary vein impressed above, secondary veins 20 –35 on each side, impressed above, forming a marginal vein at a shortest distance of 1–7 mm from the margin, tertiary veins percurrent, flat to prominulous above. Flowers in 1(– 2)-flowered inflorescences in axils of leaves or on older branchlets; flower buds broadly ovoid, apex acute; pedicels 12 – 25 mm long, 2 – 3 mm diam, fruiting pedicels up to 35 mm long, 5 mm diam, densely covered with erect to appressed hairs, articulated at 0.3 – 0.5 from the base, bracts probably several, soon falling, the upper bract elliptic, 7–8 mm long; sepals almost free, broadly ovate-triangular to ovate-triangular, 7–12 by 8 –11 mm, patent to reflexed, outer side densely covered with erect to appressed hairs; petals green, maturing cream, white or yellow in vivo, elliptic, 20– 35 by 12–17 mm, outer side densely covered with erect to appressed brownish grey hairs; stamens 2 –3 mm, connective shield papillate to glabrous. Monocarps 20–75, green, maturing reddish black to black in vivo, brown in sicco, ellipsoid, 13–25 by 8 –15 mm, rather densely to sparsely covered with erect to appressed hairs, apex rounded, extreme apex apiculate (apiculum 0.5 –1 mm long), wall 0.5–1 mm thick, stipe 4 –10 by 1.5– 2 mm. Seed ellipsoid, 15– 25 by 6 – 9 mm, brown to reddish brown, rugose and with some more or less distinct longitudinal furrows.

Distribution — Colombia ( Antioquia), French Guiana, Ecuador ( Napo, Sucumbios), Peru (Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín) and Brazil ( Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia).

Habitat & Ecology — In non-inundated forest, on clayey to sandy soil. At elevations of 0– 800 m. Flowering: March to December; fruiting: throughout the year.

Vernacular names — Brazil: Envira da mata ( Fróes 20788). Invira ( Krukoff 1534, Pires 51901). Ecuador: Moncapatamo ( Aulestia & Bainca 3533), Yaris (Shuar name) ( Morales et al. 1466). French Guiana:Abéremou (Galibi), Mamanyaré, Pomme canelle. Peru: Carahuasca ( P. Díaz et al. 85; Vásquez et al. 5968), Churum yeis ( Huashikat 832, 1046), Wáshi yéis ( Huashikat 665), Wasri yais ( Tunqui 857), Wuáshi yais ( Leveau 250).

Notes — Guatteria guianensis is easily recognizable by a combination of often very large, verruculose leaves with a quite distinct marginal vein and by young twigs covered with a velutinous indument of erect, mostly curly, brown hairs when young. It resembles G. decurrens , from which it differs by the indument of the young leafy twigs: erect, brown, soft, curly hairs up to 0.5 mm long in G. guianensis against erect to half-appressed, rough hairs up to 3 mm long in G. decurrens .

According to Maas et al. 8186 (U) from Peru the ripe fruit has a sweet, edible pulp.