Acanthosoma tauriforme ( Distant, 1887 ), 2015

Acanthosoma tauriforme ( Distant, 1887) View in CoL , new combination

Figs 57–59 View FIGURES 57–62

Anaxandra tauriformis Distant, 1887: 354 . Syntype (s): India: Khasia Hills; BMNH!

Anaxandra longispina Liu, 1987: 152 View in CoL . Syntype (s): China: Yunnan, Yuanyang; depository not stated. New subjective synonym.

Anaxandra tauriformis : Atkinson 1889: 33 (reproduction of original description, distribution), Lethierry & Severin 1893: 255

(catalogue, distribution), Distant 1902: 324 (redescription, distribution), Kirkaldy 1909: 174 (catalogue, distribution). Anaxandra longispina View in CoL : Göllner-Scheiding 2006: 170 (catalogue, distribution).

Type material examined. Anaxandra tauriformis . Lectotype: ♂, “Type \ H. T.” [pr circle with red border], “Khasiya H” [hw], “tauriformis \ Dist.” [Distant’s hw], “ Distant coll. \ 1911–383.” [pr]; pinned, antennal segments II–IV of both antennae and some tarsal segments lacking, otherwise in good condition; deposited in BMNH ( Figs 57–59 View FIGURES 57–62 ).

Additional specimens examined. CHINA. Yunnan: Yuanjiang County, Nanxijie , 19.vii.2006, leg. H. Guo (1$, NKUM) .

Diagnosis. It is a most distinctive species immediately distinguished from all other congeners by the greatly elongated, straight, apically recurved humeral processes which are produced anteriad of the tip of the head ( Figs 57–58 View FIGURES 57–62 ).

Notes. Anaxandra tauriformis was described based on an unspecified number of specimens (syntypes) from Khasi Hills, Assam (now Meghalaya), India. The species has never been reported again after its original description. A single male ( Figs 57–58 View FIGURES 57–62 ) is located in BMNH and it is hereby designated as lectotype. The species is transferred into Acanthosoma as a result of the proposed synonymy between Acanthosoma and Anaxandra .

No formal description or illustration of Anaxandra longispina (from southern Yunnan, China) was presented by Liu (1987), the name was merely diagnosed within a key; no type specimens were designated. The name was considered as available by Göllner-Scheiding (2006); this is an opinion which we share. No type specimens could be located in TMNH (S.L. Hao, pers. comm.), NKUM and IZAS. We have examined a non-type female from southern Yunnan; since it was collected at a locality close (about 7 km) to the type locality of A. longispina , moreover it is a most distinctive species, and its unique diagnostic characters (shape and length of humeral processes) are clearly described in the identification key, we are convinced that it represents A. longispina . The specimen is apparently conspecific with the male lectotype of Anaxandra tauriformis therefore the above subjective synonymy is proposed.

Distribution. Acanthosoma tauriforme is rare in collections, only three localities are known so far, based on these data it probably centers the East Himalaya–Hengduan Mountains region.— INDIA. Meghalaya: Khasi Hills!— CHINA. Yunnan: Yuanjiang!, Yuanyang ( Liu 1987, as longispina ).