Homoeusa prolongata Sawada, 1970

Homoeusa prolongata Sawada, 1970 View in CoL

Figs 3 E View Figure 3 , 13 A – I View Figure 13 , 14 A – D (Japanese name: Hirata-ariyadori View Figure 14 )

Homoeusa prolongata Sawada, 1970 b: 57, fig. 14 (original description); Schülke and Smetana 2015; 682 (catalogue); Maruyama et al. 2013: 26 (distribution and bionomics mentioned). View in CoL

Type material.

Not examined.

Additional material examined.

Japan: Hokkaido • 2 exs.; Near Hime-numa, Oshidomariwannai (alt. 130 m), Rishiri-chô ; 5. VI. 2024; T. Yamauchi leg. ( OUAVM) • 1 ex.; “ Horokanai Butokamabetsu Riv ” (alt. 300 m); 3. VIII. 1991; A. Smetana leg. ( NMST, ex A. Smetana coll.) • 1 ex.; Kanayama, Makoi, Shari-chô ; 24. VI. 2002; Y. Kida leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂, 1 ex.; Teine-yama [ 43.0836, 141.2024], Sapporo-shi ; 23. V. 2020; Y. Tasaku leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Ôsawaguchi, Nopporo-shizenkôen, Ebetsu-shi ; 16–19. VI. 2001; S. Hori leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Kannon-zawa, Sapporo-shi ; 19. V. 2021; Y. Tasaku leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Hakken-zan, Sapporo-shi ; 1. VI. 2002; M. Maruyama leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♀; Mt. Kariba, Shiribeshi ; 12. VI. 1986; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) . Honshu: Aomori-ken • 1 ex.; Iwaki river riverbed, Kawazura (alt. 10 m) [ 40.694, 140.455], Itayanagi-machi ; 28. VI. 2023; TS. Nozaki leg. LNS ( KUM) GoogleMaps . Iwate-ken • 1 ♀, 1 ex.; Kitayama, Morioka-shi ; 23. IV – 3. V. 2024; N. Nakaya leg. FIT ( IPMM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Takabora, Kamiyonai, Morioka-shi ; 21. IV – 3. V. 2024; N. Nakaya leg. FIT ( IPMM) . Akita-ken • 1 ex.; Kawara-bo, Mt. Hachimine, Hanamaki-shi ; 22–24. VI. 1980; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) . Fukushima-ken • 1 ex.; Zenjin, Mt. Chokai, Yurihonjo-shi ; 19–20. VI. 1980; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Yokomuki, Mt. Adatara, Inawashiro-machi ; 10. VII. 1985; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Kozodaira, Hinoemata-mura ; 26. VII. 1996; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Nanairi, Hinoemata-mura ; 24. VII. 1990; T. Kishimoto leg. ( KUM) . Tochigi-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Nasu ; 3. VI. 1994; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Chuzenji, Nikko-shi ; 28–30. VI. 1982; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 24. VII. 1985; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; “ Nikko N. P. Lake Chuzenjiko ” (alt. 1,280 m); “ 14. VII. 80 ” [1980]; A. & Z. Smetana leg. ( NMST, ex A. Smetana coll.) • 1 ex.; “ Nikko N. P. Senjugahara ” (alt. 1400 m); “ 15. VII. 80 ” [1980]; A. & Z. Smetana leg. ( KUM, ex A. Smetana coll.) • 1 ex.; Nagaishi Forest Road, Ashikaga-shi ; 27. V. 1990; H. Ohkawa leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂; Watarase-yûsuichi, Fujioka-machi ; 16. IV. 2000; H. Ôkawa leg. ( KUM) . Gunma-ken • 1 ex.; Mikuni-tôge, Minakami-machi ; 27. VI. 1997; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Hôshi-onsen, Minakami-machi ; 26. VI. 1997; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Amemi-rindou, Minakami-machi ; 4. V. 1998; Shiho Arai leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂, 1 ex.; Sakurayama, Fujioka-shi ; 9. V. 1998; Shiho Arai leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 22. V. 1999; K. Toyoda leg. LNH ( KUM) • 1 ♀, 3 exs.; same locality; 22. V. 1999; Shiho Arai leg. LNH ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 27. V. 2000; Shiho Arai leg. LNH ( KUM) . Saitama-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Jômine-san, Minano-machi ; 29. V. 1999; Shiho Arai leg. LNH ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Chichibu-kôgen, Higashichichibu-mura ; 5. V. 2000; Shiho Arai leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Sugaya, Ranzan-machi ; 14. VI. 1994; K. Toyoda leg. LNH ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 16. VI. 1994; K. Toyoda leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Iwadono, Higashimatsuyama-shi ; 3. V. 2005; K. Toyoda leg. LNJ ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Near Tsumasaka-Toge, Hanno-shi ; 20. VI. 1998; K. Toyoda leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂; Kawaura-keikoku (alt. 600 m), Chichibu-shi ; 20. VI. 1998; Shiho Arai leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♀; same locality; 27. VI. 1998; Shiho Arai leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Kaminaguri, Hanno-shi ; 23. V. 1998; Shiho Arai leg. LNH ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Sumiyairi-rindô, Hanno-shi ; 3. VI. 2000; Shiho Arai leg. LNH ( KUM) . Chiba-ken • 2 exs.; Ashida (alt. 10 m), Narita-shi ; 17–25. VII. 2014; R Nakamura leg. FIT ( KUM) • 11 exs.; Okuno, Ichihara-shi ; 12–14. VII. 2000; S. Hatsushiba & T. Shimada leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 16–18. V. 2001; S. Hatsushiba & T. Shimada leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 12–14. V. 2001; S. Hatsushiba & T. Shimada leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Gundari, Ichinomiya-machi ; 12. IV. 1997; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Umegase, Daifuku-yama, Ichihara-shi ; 6. V. 1998; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Amatsu (alt. 70 m) [ 35.1406, 140.1512], Kamogawa-shi ; 3. V. 2016; S. Sejima leg. Litter ( KUM) GoogleMaps . Tokyo-to • 1 ex.; Ônita, Ome-shi ; 20. V. 1991; T. Kishimoto leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Oyamada-chô, Machida-shi ; 19. V. 1992; T. Kishimoto leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Machida-shi ; 28. V. 1981; T. Niizato leg. ( KUM) . Kanagawa-ken • 3 exs.; Nanzawa, Tsukui, Sagamihara-shi ; 6. V. 1977; R. Kiryu leg. ( SCM) • 1 ex.; Miyagase, Aikô ; 19. IV. 1977; R. Kiryu leg. ( SCM) • 2 exs.; Kozukue, Yokohama-shi ; 21. IV. 1994; H. Sato leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂; Niiharutyô 、 Midori-ku [35.50, 139.51], Yokohama-shi ; 25. IV. 2012; O. Saitoh leg. ( KPMNH) • 3 exs.; Trap St. 1. Park / “ Y. N. S ”, Yokohama-shi ; 8. VI. 1988; Y. Kominami leg. ( SPMN) • 1 ex.; Yakunimi-yama [35.35, 139.17], Hadano-shi ; 27. VI. 2014; O. Saitoh leg. ( KPMNH) • 1 ex.; Kinugasa, Yokosuka-shi ; 26–27. IV. 1995; S. Tsuboyama leg. ( KUM) . Niigata-ken • 1 ♂; Kita-ikari (alt. 760 m) [ 38.1500, 138.4049], Sado-shi ; 18. VI. 2023; TS. Nozaki leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 3 exs.; Mt. Tadara-mine, Ryotsu (alt. 810 m) [38.13, 138.38]; Sado-shi ; 11. VI. 2012; M. Yoshida leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Yokoyama, Sado-shi ; 24–25. V. 1995; T. Kishimoto leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Kaikake-onsen, Yuzawa-machi ; 23. VI. 1996; K. Haga leg. Leaf litter in Beech forest ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Sasagamine, Myoko-shi ; 14–15. VI. 1980; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Suginosawa (alt. 950 m) [ 36.8519, 138.1399], Myoko-shi ; 3. VI. 2018; S. Sejima leg. Litter ( KUM) GoogleMaps . Fukui-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Houonji-san, Katsuyama-shi ; 31. V. 1989; Kouichi Matsumoto leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Gongen, Echizen-shi ; 22. V. 1981; H. Sasaji leg. ( KUM) . Yamanashi-ken • 1 ♀; Daibosatsu-rei [35.73, 138.82], Koshu-shi ; 9. VI. 2019; O. Saitoh leg. ( KPMNH) • 1 ex.; Ryomata-goya, Noro-gawa riv., Minami-alps-shi ; 3. VIII. 1996; K. Haga leg. Fallen branch ( KUM) • 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀, 2 exs.; Karumizu-rindo (alt. 1600 m), Narusawa-mura ; 22–29. VI. 2011; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 29. VI – 6. VII. 2011; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 27. VI – 4. VII. 2012; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 25. VII – 1. VIII. 2012; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Subashiri-guchi, Fujisan (alt. 1,400 m), Oyama-chô ; 15–20. V. 2011; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Subashiri, Fujisan 1 - gome (alt. 1,400 m), Oyama-chô ; 20–26. V. 2011; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) . Nagano-ken • 2 exs.; Shiga-kôgen (alt. 1,380 m) [ 36.728, 138.478], Yamanouchi-machi ; 9. VII. 2022; TS. Nozaki leg. Litter ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 1 ex.; same locality; 9. VII. 2022; TS. Nozaki leg. LNH ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 1 ♂; Mizunashiike, Shiga-kôgen, Yamanouchi-machi ; 9. VII. 2022; TS. Nozaki leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Satoyamabe, Matsumoto-shi ; 4. VI. 2009; T. Komatsu leg. LNJ ( KUM) • 1 ♂; Tobira, Matsumoto-shi ; 5. VI. 2011; M. Maruyama et al. leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♀; Kohigashi, Chino-shi ; 19. VI. 2011; M. Maruyama et al. leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂; Kannon-daira, Yatsuga-take ; 11. VII. 2000; H. Hoshina leg. Beating ( KUM) . Shizuoka-ken • 1 ex.; Subashiri-guchi, Fujisan (alt. 1,400 m), Oyama-chô ; 15–22. VI. 2011; T. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Hiekawa, Izu-shi ; 2. VI. 1983; T. Tahira leg. ( KUM) . Kyoto-fu • 1 ex.; Mt. Yôrô-san, Maizuru-shi ; 25–26. V. 2000; K. Mizuno leg. ( KUM) . Hyogo-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Hyonosen ; 5. VI. 1984; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Mimuro-yama ; 7. VI. 1997; H. Hoshina leg. ( KUM) . Nara-ken • 1 ex.; Nara ; “ 11. VIII. 80 ” [1980]; A. & Z. Smetana leg. ( KUM, ex A. Smetana coll.) • 1 ex.; Nishitani, Yoshino-chô ; 18–19. V. 1995; Y. Nakahara leg. Bait trap ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Mt. Nehan-dake (alt. 1,140 m), Shimokitayama-mura ; 27. VI. 1998; T. Kishimoto leg. ( KUM) . Wakayama-ken • 1 ex.; Hirai, Kozagawa-chô ; 15. VIII. 1999; M. Maruyama leg. LNJ ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 16. VII. 1999; M. Maruyama leg. LNN ( KUM) . Tottori-ken • 1 ex.; Hokidaisen, Daisen-chô ; 3. VI. 1980; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 3 exs.; Mt. Daisen, Daisen-chô ; 3–5. VI. 1980; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Ônarubara-kôgen (alt. 770 m), Kôfu-chô ; 18–24. V. 2008; A. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 3 exs.; same locality; 7–23. VI. 2008; A. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 24. V – 1. VI. 2008; A. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) . Shimane-ken • 1 ♀; Dangyô-no-taki, Dôgo Is., Okinoshima-chô ; 5–16. VI. 2008; T. Shimada leg. ( KUM) . Okayama-ken • 1 ex.; Kanehira, Bicchu-chô (alt. 300 m), Takahashi-shi ; 22. V – 2. VI. 2010; A. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality, Takahashi-shi ; 2–19. VI. 2010; A. Watanabe leg. FIT ( KUM) . Hiroshima-ken • 1 ♂; Mt. Tate-eboshi (alt. 1,180 m) [ 35.0527, 133.0696], Shobara-shi ; 15. VI. 2024; TS. Nozaki leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 1 ex.; Kakezu-yama, Higashiyawatahara (alt. 850–1,126 m), Kitahiroshima-chô ; 30. IV – 9. V. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; same locality; 9–18. V. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 30. V – 13. VI. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) • 5 exs.; same locality; 13–27. VI. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 27. VI – 4. VII. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ♂, 1 ex.; same locality; 4–18. VII. 2009; TA. Nozaki & Y. Nozaki leg. FIT ( KUM) . Yamaguchi-ken • 1 ex.; Nodani, Tokuji-chô ; 21. IV. 2004; Y. Fujitani leg. ( KUM) . Shikoku: Tokushima-ken • 1 ex.; Meoto-ike, Tsurugi-chô ; 30. VI. 2006; H. Fujimoto leg. ( KUM) . Kagawa-ken • 2 exs.; Nagara-dam, Ayakami-chô ; 5. V. 2003; S. Nagashima leg. in litter ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Shôzaka, Sogisho-higashi, Ayagawa-chô ; 9–12. IV. 2009; H. Fujimoto leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 12–18. IV. 2009; H. Fujimoto leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 22–30. V. 2009; H. Fujimoto leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 25. IV – 2. V. 2010; H. Fujimoto leg. FIT ( KUM) . Kochi-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Tsutsujô-zan (alt. 1,600 m), Ino-chô ; 30. VI. 2007; TA. (Takasuke) Miyata & TO. (Toshie) Miyata leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Ekawa, Nishitosa (alt. 120 m) [ 33.217, 131.784], Shimanto-shi ; 12. V. 2023; TS. Nozaki leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps . Kyushu: Fukuoka-ken • 1 ♂; Mt. Inunaki, Miyawaka-shi ; 22. V. 1980; T. Gotô leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Tachibana ; 1. VI. 1978; K. Yamagishi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 5. V. 1979; K. Yamagishi leg. ( KUM) • 6 exs.; same locality; 10–14. V. 1996; T. Ueno, Y. Higashiura & H. Goto leg. FIT ( cSch) • 4 exs.; same locality; 15–17. V. 1996; T. Ueno & H. Goto leg. FIT ( cSch) • 1 ♀, 2 exs.; Mt. Shiouji-yama, Onojo-shi ; 8. V. 2013; K. Kido leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 12. V. 2013; K. Kido leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; same locality; 18. V. 2013; K. Kido leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Mt. Hikosan ; 13. VI. 1966; K. Takeno leg. ( KUM) • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 4 exs.; Seinen-no-ie, Hikosan (alt. 800 m), Soeda-machi ; 22. V. 2011; M. Maruyama & T. Kanao leg. LNJ ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Kusenbu-yama ; 24. V. 2014; K. Kido leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Miyomizu-yama, Miyama-shi ; 16. V. 1997; T. Ishikawa leg. ( KUM) . Saga-ken • 1 ♂; Mt. Ten-zan (alt. 1040 m) [ 33.339, 130.143], Karatsu-shi ; 29. VI. 2022; S. T. Inoue & Y. Hisasue leg. LNJ ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 1 ex.; Mt. Tenzan (alt. 1,000 m) [ 33.340, 130.142], Saga-shi ; 18. VI. 2022; Y. Hisasue leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps • 2 exs.; Kurinoki-tôge, Mt. Kunimi-yama ; 15. V. 2019; M. Nishida leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Kurokami-yama, Arita-chô ; 18. V. 2018; M. Nishida leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Mt. Mifune, Takeo-shi ; 27. V. 1984; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Tosen-zan (alt. 350 m), Ureshino-shi ; 19. V. 1997; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Tosen-zan, Ureshino-shi ; 20. V. 2018; M. Nishida leg. FIT ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Mt. Tara, Tara-chô ; 29. IV. 1985; S. Naomi leg. ( KUM) . Nagasaki-ken • 1 ♀; Mt. Mitake, Tsushima Is., Tsushima-shi ; 31. V. 1988; S. Nomura leg. ( KUM) • 2 exs.; Tanuki-no-o, Ômura-shi ; 8. V. 2019; M. Nishida leg. FIT ( KUM) • 1 ex.; Mt. Yake, Shimabara-shi ; 21. IV. 1977; Imasaka leg. ( KUM) . Oita-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Takasaki-yama, Beppu-shi ; 9. V. 2013; T. Miyake leg. FIT ( KUM) . Kagoshima-ken • 1 ex.; Mt. Kurinodake, Kurino-chô ; 29. VI. 1995; S. Onoda leg. ( SPMN) • 1 ♂; Nageishidaira, Yakushima Is. (alt. 1,825 m) [ 30.322, 130.512], Yakushima-chô ; 18. VIII. 2021; S. Inoue leg. ( KUM) GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis.

This species is distinguished from other species of the genus by the following combination of characteristics: a slightly produced metaventral process (Fig. 13 D View Figure 13 ), median lobe of aedeagus bulbous with a length of approximately 0.47 mm (Fig. 13 G View Figure 13 ). This species is similar to H. ovata and H. japonica , but it can be distinguished by a more flattened and semicircular pronotum, less produced metaventral process, and a bulbous median lobe of the male aedeagus.

Redescription.

Body (Figs 3 E View Figure 3 , 14 D View Figure 14 ) small, broad, somewhat limuloid; dorsal surface mostly moderately polished.

Head large; color yellowish brown to dark brown; eyes large. Antennae (Fig. 13 A View Figure 13 ) short; relative length of each antennal segment from first to 11 th, 2.39: 1.78: 1.14: 1.17: 1.00: 1.01: 1.10: 1.15: 1.20: 1.45: 3.94.

Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 13 B View Figure 13 ) semicircular, transverse ( PW / PL, 1.51–1.65), widest at posterior 1 / 3, postero-lateral angle acute to around 90 degrees, posterior margin slightly sinuate, yellowish brown to dark brown, surface finely covered with setae and punctures, gently polished and slightly reticulated. Elytra (Fig. 13 B, C View Figure 13 ) slightly widened posteriad, widest at posterior 1 / 3, then narrowed roundly, posterior margins deeply notched near lateral corners, yellowish brown to dark brown, surface finely covered with setae and punctures; gently polished and weakly reticulated.

Hind wings developed. Mesoventral process (Fig. 13 D View Figure 13 ) very narrow, with indistinct medial carina, apex sharply pointed, reaching almost anterior margin of mesocoxal cavities. Metaventral process slightly produced.

Abdomen elongate, narrowed posteriad; surface sparsely covered with short setae and each posterior margin with long stout setae; finely reticulated.

Male: 8 th sternite (Fig. 13 E View Figure 13 ) weakly produced and angled at postero-medial margin; median lobe of aedeagus (Fig. 13 G View Figure 13 ) bulbous, length about 0.47 mm, apical lobe short and slightly curved ventrally, apex round in lateral view, apical valves elongate and mitten-shaped, dorsal arms short, basal part of copulatory piece large. Paramere (Fig. 13 H View Figure 13 ) length about 0.47 mm; apical lobe of paramere long, length about 1 / 3 of whole paramere, curved ventrally; four setae, normally arranged, b located a bit more basally than c, velum small.

Female: 8 th sternite (Fig. 13 F View Figure 13 ) weakly produced roundly postero-medial margin; spermatheca (Figs 13 I, J View Figure 13 ) S- or C-shaped, apex of basal part slightly sinuate, base largely hooklike.

Variation.

Intraspecies variations are recognized in the apical lobe of the aedeagal median lobe. Some individuals have a small hump at the base of the ventral side and a slightly deeper basal concave. The length of the parameral apical lobe also varies slightly.

Measurements (in mm) and ratios.

Body parts (N = 13): BL ≈ 1.9–2.78; AL, 0.67–0.81; HW, 0.43–0.52; PL, 0.46–0.61; PW, 0.73–0.92; EL, 0.37–0.51; EW, 0.73–0.98; HTL, 0.4–0.48; PW / PL, 1.51–1.65; AL / PL, 1.22–1.53; HTL / PL, 0.8–0.9.

Distribution.

Japan ( Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu) (Fig. 14 A View Figure 14 ).

Symbiotic hosts.

Lasius niger species group: L. hayashi , L. japonicus , L. sakagamii , L. productus .

Bionomics.

This species was collected from the nests of host ants under stones and in decaying wood and leaf litter near the entrances to these colonies from April to August. Many individuals were collected using FIT (N = 69). Bait traps set near the nest entrances were also effective in collecting H. prolongata . During indoor observations, H. prolongata was frequently observed, raising the tip of its abdomen toward approaching host ant workers, and sometimes just stopping (Fig. 14 B, C View Figure 14 ).

Remarks.

The type specimens are currently not available. Sawada (1970 a, 1970 b) described 25 aleocharine species from Shiga Heights, Nagano Prefecture, Honshu, including H. prolongata . According to Takuto Hashizume, who specializes in the taxonomy of homalotines and their relatives, he could not access these type specimens by contacting the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba (“ National Science Museum Tokyo ”), which is designated in papers as a deposit, or by searching the Osaka Museum of Natural History, Osaka, Japan. However, the original descriptions and drawings of H. prolongata are sufficiently informative for species-level taxonomy. Therefore, we conclude that a neotype designation is not necessary currently.

Maruyama et al. (2013) reported that some individuals similar to H. prolongata were found in trails of the Lasius fuliginosus group. However, we did not find any specimens of H. prolongata mounted together with L. fuliginosus . H. ovata may have been misrecognized as H. prolongata because some individuals of H. ovata resemble H. prolongata in terms of body size and general habitus.