Pontodrilus litoralis (Grube, 1855)

18. Pontodrilus litoralis (Grube, 1855) View in CoL

Lumbricus litoralis Grube, 1855: 127 ;?[ Pontoscolex arenicola Schmarda, 1861: 11 View in CoL (?part); Pontodrilus marionis Perrier, 1874: 1582 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus bermudensis Beddard, 1891: 96 View in CoL ; Cryptodrilus insularis Rosa, 1891: 387 View in CoL , fig. 11 (of left prostate); Pontodrilus arenae Michaelsen, 1892: 222 View in CoL , fig. 9; Pontodrilus sp. Michaelsen, 1894: 184; Pontodrilus hesperidum Beddard, 1894: 37 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus insularis View in CoL : Beddard, 1895 a: 471; Pontodrilus michaelseni Eisen, 1895: 73 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus ephippiger Rosa, 1898: 277 View in CoL , 281; Pontodrilus matsushimensis Iizuka, 1898: 21 View in CoL , Pl. II; Pontodrilus ephippiger laysanianus Michaelsen, 1899: 217 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus matsushimensis chathamianus Michaelsen, 1899: 220 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus michaelseni hortensis Eisen, 1900: 129 View in CoL , 241, figs.; Pontodrilus laccadivensis Beddard, 1903: 374 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus crosslandi Beddard, 1906: 561 View in CoL ; Pontodrilus albanyensis Michaelsen, 1907 View in CoL a: 185; Pontodrilus bermudensis ephippiger View in CoL : Stephenson, 1915: 145; Plutellus ( Pontodrilus) bermudensis : Michaelsen, 1922: 22; 1935: 106; Pontodrilus albanyensis var. cygni Jackson, 1931: 94 View in CoL ; Plutellus ( Pontodrilus) matsushimensis indica Michaelsen, 1935: 106 ; Pontodrilus gracilis Gates, 1943: 100 View in CoL .

Pontodrilus litoralis View in CoL : Beddard, 1895 a: 469 (syn. marionis View in CoL ); Michaelsen, 1900: 180 (syn. marionis View in CoL ); Cognetti, 1901: 404; Michaelsen, 1910 c: 89 (syn. marionis View in CoL , crosslandi View in CoL , albanyensis View in CoL ); Easton, 1984: 114, fig. 1f [syn. arenicola View in CoL (part.), marionis View in CoL , bermudensis , insularis View in CoL , arenae View in CoL , hesperidum View in CoL , michaelseni View in CoL , ephippiger View in CoL , bermudensis ephippiger View in CoL .- Stephenson, 1915, matsushimensis , ephippiger View in CoL laysanianus (syn. michaelseni View in CoL hortensis), matsushimensis chathamianus, michaelseni View in CoL hortensis, P. sp. Michaelsen, 1894, P. ( P.) sp. Michaelsen, 1930, laccadivensis View in CoL , crosslandi View in CoL , albanyensis View in CoL , P. sp. Michaelsen, 1913, albanyensis View in CoL cygni, matsushimensis indica , P. sp. Gates, 1936, gracilis View in CoL ].

Distribution: CHI: Galapagos Islands ( Blakemore, 2002). COL: Cartagena ( Michaelsen, 1910). VEN: Morrocoy National Park: Playa Mero; Cayo Cico; Cayo Sombrero ( Easton, 1984; Righi, 1989; Zicsi, 1995a). BRA: RS ( Michaelsen, 1900b, 1910); SC: Florianópolis; São Francisco Island; SP ( Lüderwaldt, 1927; Righi, 1967b; Brown and James, 2006): Santos ( Michaelsen, 1910); Itanhaém ( Lüderwaldt, 1927); Cananéia, in mangrove ( Righi, 1968); RJ ( Moreira, 1903); Angra dos Reis, in mangrove ( Righi, 1968); PE: Itamaracá Island (Brown et al., 2006) ( Figure 3D View Figure 3 ).

Further distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans, fully marine ( Easton 1984).

Remarks: Blakemore et al. (2012) added this species to Korean species biodiversity list as an exotic species from Korea.