Atrusca oriens ( Kinsey, 1936 )

Atrusca oriens ( Kinsey, 1936)

Figs 352–367 View FIGURES 352–357 View FIGURES 358–361 View FIGURES 362–365 View FIGURES 366–367

Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) oriens Kinsey, 1936: 120 , female, gall.

Atrusca oriens (Kinsey) : Weld 1952: 314.

Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) oriunda Kinsey, 1936: 122 , female, gall; syn. nov. herein

Atrusca oriunda (Kinsey) : Weld 1952: 315.

Types examined. HOLOTYPE female Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) oriens “Cerritos 25W S.L.P. 6000’, Mex. Gall 12.2.31, 64 fms. 2.1.32”, “ Q. potosina, Kinsey View in CoL coll.”, red “ Cynips oriens , Holo- Paratype ”. HOLOTYPE female Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) oriunda “ C. Victoria 21W Tams. 4500’, Mex. Gall 11.17.35, 1 fm. 12.7.36”, “ Q. polymorpha, Kinsey View in CoL coll.”, red “ Cynips oriunda , Holo- Paratype ”. Both HOLOTYPEs are deposited in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM. For Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) oriens : eleven PARATYPE females “Cerritos 25W, S.L.P. 6000’, Mex., galls 12.2.31, 47 females 2.24.32”, “ Q. potosina Kinsey View in CoL coll.” red label “ Cynips oriens Paratype ”, deposited in the general collection in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM.

Diagnosis. Atrusca oriens belongs to the species group characterized by a reddish brown body color, lacking dark stripes in the mesoscutum, the OOL more than twice as long as the diameter of the lateral ocelli, exhibiting fore wings with a complete and conspicuous venation, the Rs vein of radial cell being arcuate, the smooth surface between the noatuli in the posterior half of the mesonotum, the entirely rugose mesoscutellum, the mesopleuron and speculum sculptured in varying proportions, exhibiting smooth areas, without any linear sculpture and with or without piliferous points, and the ventral spine of the hypopygium is setose, with setae extending beyond the apex of the spine, as in A. vasta . Atrusca oriens differs from A. vasta by the delicately alutaceous lateral sides of the pronotum, without linear elements or with very weak and short rugae between coriaceous sculpture; the mesopleuron lacking piliferous points; and the radial cell relatively long, around 2.1× as long as broad, while in A. vasta the pronotum exhibits distinct rugae or carinae; the mesopleuron displays piliferous points; and the radial cell is shorter, around 1.6× as long as broad.

Re-description. Asexual female ( Figs 352–364 View FIGURES 352–357 View FIGURES 358–361 View FIGURES 362–365 , 366 View FIGURES 366–367 ). Mesosoma, head, antenna, legs brown, metasoma light brown, mesoscutum with slightly darker stripes along anterior parallel and parapsidal lines.

Head quadrangular in frontal view, alutaceous, with sparse white setae, 1.2× as broad as high and narrower than mesosoma in frontal view, 1.9× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, without striae; malar sulcus absent; eye 2.1× as high as height of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly diverging ventrally. POL 1.2× as long as OOL; OOL 2.6× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 2.0× as long as LOL; all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance 1.3× as long as height of eye and 1.5× as long as height of lower face; diameter of antennal torulus 1.6× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye equal to diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous along eye, shining, in central part below toruli rugose, with few setae, without striae; slightly elevated median area alutaceous, shining, without setae. Interocellar area slightly elevated above head in frontal view. Clypeus impressed, uniformly alutaceous, rectangular, broader than high, with a few long setae; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line broad, well impressed. Frons and interocellar area alutaceous-reticulate, without striae, with few short setae. Vertex, occiput alutaceous-reticulate, postocciput, postgena smooth, shining, with sparse white setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen slightly shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which run parallel towards occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly broader than posteriorly and broader than width of occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, pedicel 1.3× as long as broad, F1 equal to length of scape+pedicel and 1.4× as long as F2; F2 1.2× as long as F3; F3 slightly longer than F4, subsequent flagellomeres till F6 progressively shorter, F7=F8, F9=F10=F11, F12 1.5× as long as F11; placodeal sensilla on F4–F12.

Mesosoma 1.2× as long as high, with sparse short white setae. Pronotum laterally delicately alutaceous, without linear elements or with very weak and short rugae between coriaceous sculpture; propleuron smooth to alutaceous, shining. Mesoscutum alutaceous, anteriorly between notauli delicately coriaceous, alutaceous to smooth basally, with sparse indistinct piliferous points in the posterior half and sparse white setae; slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum at level of base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, deep, broad, with smooth, glabrous bottom, posteriorly broader and slightly converging; anterior parallel and parapsidal lines indistinct, hardly traceable, indicated by smooth, shining stripes; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, smooth, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum nearly rounded, as long as broad, uniformly dull rugose; overhanging metanotum. Circumscutellar carina complete. Mesoscutellar foveae narrow, transverse, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom separated by narrow elevated rugose central carina. Mesopleuron in anterior 2/3 smooth, shining, without piliferous points, posteriorly delicately alutaceous, with a few setae ventrally; mesopleural triangle smooth, shining, with dense setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, shining, with white short setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shining, most posterior part slightly shorter than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in upper 1/3 of its height, upper part of sulcus distinct. Metascutellum with delicate longitudinal striae, 2.0× as high as height of smooth, shining ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, shining, without setae; central propodeal area with some delicate subparallel longitudinal rugae; central propodeal area smooth, shining, without rugae, broadest part in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal carinae softly, gradually and finely bent outwards; lateral propodeal area smooth, glabrous, with long dense white setae. Nucha with delicate sulci laterally, smooth, shining dorsocentrally. Tarsal claws toothed, with basal lobe.

Fore wing longer than body, but shorter than the usual size, margin with long dense cilia, with slightly darker spots and stripes, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 2.1× as long as broad; second abscissa of Rs strongly curved distally; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, indistinct, Rs+M inconspicuous, traceable along entire length, reaching basalis in the lower half of its height.

Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, as long as high in lateral view; second metasomal tergum extending 3/4 metasoma length in dorsal view, with white setae anterolaterally, without band micropunctures posteriorly; subsequent terga without micropunctures, without setae. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 3.0× as long as broad in ventral view, with setae ventrally which extend beyond apex of spine.

Body length 3.3 mm ( Kinsey 1936).

Gall ( Figs 365 View FIGURES 362–365 , 367 View FIGURES 366–367 ). The gall is similar to all galls of Kinsey’s bella and dugesi complexes. Mature globular galls rosy tan or brighter rose, unspotted, up to 21 mm, in average 14 mm in diameter.

Biology. The asexual generation is only known to induce leaf galls on Q. cordifolia , Q. depressipes , Q. intricata , Q. jaralensis , Q. polymorpha , Q. potosina , Q. pringlei . Galls mature in late autumn; adults start to emerge from November–December till January–February next year.

Distribution. Mexico: San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas.