Atrusca longa ( Kinsey, 1936 )

Atrusca longa ( Kinsey, 1936)

Figs 304–317 View FIGURES 304–309 View FIGURES 310–313 View FIGURES 314–317

Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) longa Kinsey, 1936: 115 , female, gall.

Atrusca longa (Kinsey) : Weld 1952: 314.

Types examined. HOLOTYPE female Cynips View in CoL ( dugesi ) longa “Pachuca 7S Hgo 8700’, Mex. Gall 1.15.32, 3 fms. 3.18.32”, “ Q. rhodophlebia, Kinsey View in CoL coll.”, red “ Cynips longa , Holo- Paratype ”, deposited in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM. Three PARATYPE females “Pachuca 7N, Hgo 7800’, Mex., galls 1.15.32, 35 females 3.6.32”, “ Q. rhodophlebia Kinsey View in CoL coll.” red label “ Cynips longa Paratype ”, deposited in the general collection in AMNH, NYC, examined by GM.

Diagnosis. Atrusca longa belongs to the species group characterized by a brown to black body color, with dark stripes in the mesoscutum, exhibiting fore wings with a complete and conspicuous venation, the Rs vein of radial cell being strongly curved distally, never almost straight, the entirely rugose mesoscutellum, the mesopleuron and the speculum are completely smooth, without piliferous points, and a setose ventral spine of the hypopygium, with setae extending beyond the apex of the spine, as in A. finitima and A. spiculi . Atrusca longa can be distinguished from A. finitima and A. spiculi by the delicately coriaceous pronotum; the alutaceous mesoscutum, the area between the notauli smooth in the posterior 1/3; the mesoscutellum gradually narrowing towards the posterior margin ending into a central tip; the lateral propodeal carinae bent outwards in posterior 1/3; and the prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, 5.5× as long as broad, while in A. finitima and A. spiculi the lateral sides of the pronotum are rugose; the mesoscutum is alutaceous to delicately coriaceous without smooth areas; the mesoscutellum is rounded, without a posterior tip, but with a distinct central shallow invagination on posterior margin; the lateral propodeal carinae are subparallel or slightly bent outwards; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium longer, 7.2–10.8× as long as broad.

Re-description. Asexual female ( Figs 304–316 View FIGURES 304–309 View FIGURES 310–313 View FIGURES 314–317 ). Body, antenna, legs uniformly light brown, metasoma reddish brown, mesoscutum with black stripes along anterior parallel and parascutal lines; mesosoma laterally with darker areas.

Head quadrangular in frontal view, alutaceous, with sparse white setae, denser on lower face and on lateral sides of frons, 1.2× as broad as high and narrower than mesosoma in frontal view, 2.2× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, with delicate striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; malar sulcus absent; eye 2.0× as high as height of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly diverging ventrally. POL 2.1× as long as OOL; OOL 1.3× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and equal to LOL; all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance 1.2× as long as height of eye and 1.5× as long as height of lower face; diameter of antennal torulus 1.7× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye equal to diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous asides, rugose in central part below toruli, with few setae; slightly elevated median area rugose, shining, without setae. Interocellar area slightly elevated above head in frontal view. Clypeus impressed, uniformly delicately alutaceous, trapezoidal, broader than high, with few long setae; ventrally rounded, emarginate, with slightly median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line broad, well impressed. Frons and interocellar area dull rugose, with few short setae. Vertex, occiput coriaceous; postocciput, postgena smooth, shining with sparse white setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen slightly higher than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which run towards occipital foramen, dorsally bent outwards, postgenal bridge smooth, shining, anteriorly broader than posteriorly and slightly broader than width of occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, pedicel 1.2× as long as broad, F1 1.2× as long as scape+pedicel and 1.3× as long as F2; F2 1.3× as long as F3; F3 shorter than F2 and 1.4× as long as F4, F5=F6, F6 longer than F7, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F10=F11, F12 1.3× as long as F11; placodeal sensilla visible on F5–F12.

Mesosoma 1.2× as long as high, with dense white setae. Pronotum delicately coriaceous; propleuron alutaceous, shining. Mesoscutum alutaceous, with piliferous points and dense white setae, between notauli in posterior 1/3 smooth, shining; slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum at level of base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, deep, broad, with smooth, glabrous bottom, posteriorly broader and slightly converging; anterior parallel and parapsidal lines distinct, indicated by smooth stripes; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, smooth, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum uniformly dull rugose, with parallel sides, posteriorly gradually narrowed till central part; overhanging metanotum; mesoscutellar foveae with smooth, shining bottom and transverse waved rugae, quadrangular, nearly as broad as high, separated by narrow carina. Circumscutellar carina complete but obscured by sculpture. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, shining, with sparse setae without piliferous points; mesopleural triangle smooth, shining, with dense setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, shining, with dense setae; subaxillular bar smooth, shining, most posterior part slightly shorter than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half height, upper part of sulcus partially distinct. Metascutellum coriaceous, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, with few setae; central propodeal area smooth, shining, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, glabrous, with long dense white setae. Nucha with irregular rugae laterally and dorsally. Tarsal claws toothed, with basal lobe.

Fore wing longer than body, usual size, margin with long dense cilia, with few slightly darker spots and stripes, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 2.3× as long as broad; second abscissa of Rs strongly curved distally; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, indistinct, Rs+M inconspicuous, traceable along entire length, reaching basalis at mid height.

Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; second metasomal tergum extending 4/5 metasoma length of in dorsal view, with white setae anterolaterally, without band of micropunctures posteriorly; subsequent terga without micropunctures, without setae. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.5× as long as broad in ventral view, with setae extending beyond apex of spine.

Body length 2.8–3.8 mm ( Kinsey 1936).

Gall ( Fig. 317 View FIGURES 314–317 ). The gall is similar to all galls of Kinsey’s bella and dugesi complexes. Mature galls very light olive tan, less often rosy, unspotted, slightly tuberculate, not pubescent, up to 18 mm, in average 15 mm in diameter.

Biology. The asexual generation is only known to induce leaf galls on Q. rugosa (= Q. rhodophlebia ). Galls mature in late autumn; adults emerge in March next year.

Distribution. Mexico: Hidalgo.