Licania belemii Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.

7.3. Licania belemii Prance, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. View in CoL no. 9: 172. 1972. Fig. 9

Tree, up to 27 m tall, DBH 31–38.2 cm, stem 10–19 m tall, flat to cylindric, rough bark, branches glabrous, lenticellate. Leaves elliptic to widely elliptic, 9.5–15 × 5.2–7.8 cm, chartaceous, discolorous, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acumen 5–8 cm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially tomentose, stomatal crypts inconspicuous, midrib plane adaxially, prominent abaxially, primary veins 5–6 pairs; petiole 0.7–1.1 cm long, glabrous, terete to slightly canaliculate, eglandular; stipules 2, ca. 2 mm, lanceolate, pubescent, caducous. Inflorescence terminal to subterminal, racemose panicle, pubescent; bracts 1, triangular, ca. 1 mm, pubescent; bracteoles 3, triangular, ca. 0.2 mm long, pubescent. Flowers yellow, 2–3 mm long, sessile, pubescent; receptacle campanulate, ca. 1.5 mm long, tomentulose on the inside; sepals triangular, ca. 1 mm long, puberulous; stamens 5, inserted in a semi-circle, free, filaments ca. 0.4 mm long, glabrous; ovary ca. 1 mm long, sericeous, style ca. 2 mm long, basal 3/4 tomentose. Immature drupe green to brown, stipitate, 1.6–1.9 × 0.7–1.3 cm, epicarp rugose, pubescent.

Selected material examined: Cachoeiro de Itapemirim , Flona Pacotuba, 3.VII.2007, L.N. Moreira 48 ( VIES) . Conceição da Barra , Rebio do Córrego Grande, estrada interna km 4, 20.VIII.2011, fr., M. Ribeiro 576 ( HUEFS, RB, SAMES) . Linhares , Reserva Natural Vale, Estrada 142, km 1250 lado esquerdo, 11.I.1979, fl., D. A. Folli 61/79 ( CVRD, INPA, NY, RBR) ; Estrada Municipal Canto Grande , 28.X.2013, fr., D.A. Folli 7121 ( CVRD, RB) . Marilândia , Liberdade, propriedade de Reinaldo Bautz, 27.IX.2006, fr., L.F.S. Magnago 1425 ( CEPEC, HUEFS, MBML) . Santa Teresa , Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, 26.I.2015, fl., P.L.R. Moraes 4697 ( BHCB, CEN, CVRD, HRCB) .

Licania belemii is similar to L. micrantha , as they share the elliptic to widely elliptic leaves, with cuneate base, acuminate apex, close number of primary veins (5–6 pairs in L. belemii vs. 6–7 pairs in L. micrantha ) and flower with length (2–3 vs. ca. 3 mm). These species are also particular in having primary veins more widely spaced when compared with other Licania species analysed here. Despite the superficial similarity, L. belemii can be distinguished by the inconspicuous stomatal crypts, usually longer petiole ( 0.7–1.1 cm vs. 3–9 mm long), more branched inflorescence and higher number of stamens (5 vs. 3). Collected with flowers from December to January and with fruits in January, April and from June to October.

Licania belemii View in CoL is restricted to Bahia and EspÍrito Santo states. In EspÍrito Santo it occurs in Mussununga, Ombrophilous forest and Mata de Tabuleiro, in Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Conceição da Barra, Linhares, Marilândia and Santa Teresa municipalities. It is classified as “Endangered” (EN) in both national and regional assessments ( Fraga et al. 2019; Brasil 2022) and it was recorded in four protected areas: Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia, Floresta Nacional Pacotuba, Reserva Biológica do Córrego Grande and Reserva Nacional Vale.

The common name for this species is milhotorrado-amarelo ( D.A. Folli 5163, D.A. Folli 7121). 7.4. Licania hoehnei Pilg., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin- Dahlem View in CoL , 8: 541. 1923. Fig. 10

Shrub to tree, up to 30 m tall; young branches pubescent, becoming glabrous with age, lenticellate. Leaves elliptic, 5–8.1 × 2–3.1 cm, chartaceous, discolorous, base cuneate, apex acuminate, acumen 3–6 mm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially tomentose, stomatal crypts inconspicuous, midrib plane adaxially, prominent abaxially, pubescent, primary veins 6–7 pairs; petiole 3–5 mm long, pubescent, slightly canaliculate, eglandular; stipules caducous (not seen). Inflorescence terminal, racemose panicle, tomentose; bracts 1, triangular, 1.5–2 mm long, tomentulose; bracteoles 3, triangular, ca. 0.5 mm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially tomentulose. Flowers 3–3.5 mm long, sessile, tomentulose; receptacle campanulate, 1.5–2 mm long, tomentulose; sepals triangular, ca. 1 mm long, sericeous; stamens 6–7, inserted in a complete circle, free, filaments ca. 0.5 mm long, glabrescent; ovary ca. 1 mm, sericeous; style ca. 2.5 mm long, basal 1/2 pubescent. Drupe ellipsoid, stipitate, 2.8–3.5 × 2.2–2.7 cm, epicarp smooth, pubescent.

Material examined: Colatina, Estrada do Pancas, 19.IX.1930, fr., J.G. Kuhlmann 364 ( RB). São Mateus ,

Fazenda Alegria, fr., A. Mattos ( NY 87948).

Additional material: BAHIA, Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, próximo a Fazenda do Alto do Palácio 23.IX.1981 ,

fl. and fr., F.C.F. da Silva 82 ( MG, RB).

Licania hoehnei can be confused with L. areolata and L. spicata , but can be distinguished by the combination of leaves with inconspicuous stomatal crypts, slightly canaliculate and short ( 3–5 mm long) petiole, tomentose racemose panicle inflorescence and flowers with 6 to 7 stamens, inserted in a complete circle. Collected with fruits in September.

Licania hoehnei View in CoL occurs in Bolivia and Brazil ( Prance & Sothers 2003a). In Brazil it was collected in Bahia, EspÍrito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states ( Sothers & Prance 2023f). In EspÍrito Santo it occurs in Ombrophilous forest in Colatina and São Mateus municipality. This species is represented by scarce old records, none of them in protected areas, suggesting a higher extinction threat level for Espirito Santo .

The common name for this species is milho-torrado ( J.G. Kuhlmann 364).