Smerinthus planus Walker, 1856

Smerinthus planus Walker, 1856 View in CoL [ãn天ë]

( Figures 19–21 View FIGURE 19 View FIGURE 20 View FIGURE 21 )

Smerinthus planus Walker, 1856 , List Specimens lepid. Insects Colln. Br. Mus. 8: 254. TL: ‘[North China]’.

Smerinthus argus Ménétriés, 1857 View in CoL , Enumeratio corporum animalium Musei Imperialis Academiae Scientiarum Petropolitanae. Classis Insectorum ordo Lepidopterorum. Volume: Pars II. Lepidoptera Heterocera, 136.

Smerinthus planus meridionalis Closs, 1917 View in CoL , Entomologische Mitteilungen, 6: 133.

Smerinthus planus alticola Clark, 1922 View in CoL , Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 8: 8.

Smerinthus planus clarissimus Mell, 1922 View in CoL , Beiträge zur Fauna sinica. Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden, 188.

Smerinthus planus distinctus Mell, 1922 View in CoL , Beiträge zur Fauna sinica. Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden, 189.

Smerinthus planus juennanus Mell, 1922 View in CoL , Beiträge zur Fauna sinica. Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden, 189.

Smerinthus planus kuangtungensis Mell, 1922 View in CoL , Beiträge zur Fauna sinica. Biologie und Systematik der südchinesischen Sphingiden, 189.

Smerinthus planus chosensis Matsumura, 1931 View in CoL , 6000 illustrated insects of Japan-Empire, 616.

Smerinthus planus unicolor Matsumura, 1931 , 6000 illustrated insects of Japan-Empire, 616.

Material examined. CHINA: 2♂♂, Mentougou , Beijing, 16-VI-2022, Hao-Lin Gan leg. [ GHLC] ; 1♂, Yunnan, Qujing City , 1870 m, 12-VI-2021, Zhuo-Heng Jiang leg. [ JZHC] ; 1♂, Yunnan, Kunming City , 1900 m, 10-VI-2008, Hui-Hong Zhang leg. [ JZHC] ; 2♂♂, 1♀, Shanghai, Xuhui , 10 m, 21-VIII-2018, Zhuo-Heng Jiang leg. [ JZHC] ; 1♂, Sichuan, Dujiangyan, 1800 m, 5-VI-2018, Yi Zhang leg. [ JZHC]; 3m #m#, Anhui, Yuexi County, Yaoluoping , 1050 m, 10-X-2017, Ri-Xin Jiang leg. [ JZHC] ; 2♂♂, 1♀, Shaanxi, Ningshan County, 1020 m, 11-VII-2016, Ji-Shen Wang leg. [ JZHC] .

Diagnosis. Male ( Figure 19A–B View FIGURE 19 ): Similar to S. ocellata , but body and wing upperside more greyish. Forewing broader than those of the S. ocellata especially apically. A grey line separates the blackish brown X-shape lines into two parts. Underside similar to S. ocellata , but pink area much faded. Hindwing similar to S. caecus , but pink area more faded, ocellus much larger than S. ocellata . Underside almost the same as S. caecus , with fewer pink scales.

Female ( Figure 19C–D View FIGURE 19 ): Similar to male, but wings broader, ground pattern slightly paler and more extensive, antennae slenderer.

Male genitalia ( Figure 20A–D View FIGURE 20 ): Similar to S. minor , but valva broader. Sacculus wider but shorter than S. minor , harpe blunt and curved upward. Phallus thicker and shorter, apical process larger and wider, divided into two recurved teeth apically.

Female genitalia ( Figure 21 View FIGURE 21 ): Similar to S. minor , but anal papillae more rounded, lamella postvaginalis longer. Ostial lobe broad.

Distribution. China ( Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Xizang, Guizhou, Fujian; Guangdong), Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Russia, Kazakhstan.

Biological notes. This species was collected in lower to high elevation temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen broad-leaf forest, attracted at night.