Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk.

Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinsk. View in CoL , Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 10: 115. 1953.

Fig. 5 A – C View Figure 5

≡ Pterocarya paliurus Batalin View in CoL , Trudy Imp. S. - Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada xiii: 101. 1893.

Type.

China • Hubei, D. A. Henry 6598 ( holotype E ( E 00275518 [image!]), designated by W. E. Manning, 15 Jul. 1963) isotype: MEL ( MEL 2423219 View Materials [image!]), MEL ( MEL 2423220 View Materials [image!])

Description.

Trees to 30 m tall. Leaves 20–25 cm; petiole 2.5–5 cm, tomentose or sometimes glabrescent; rachis tomentose; leaflets 5–9, rarely 11, elliptic-ovate to broadly lanceolate, apical leaflets 7.1–17.1 × 3.3–7.3 cm, l / w ratio 1.7–2.7; lateral leaflets 5.7–16.2 × 2.9–6.1 cm, l / w ratio 1.8–3.2; basal leaflets 2.6–10.1 × 1.3–4.2 cm, l / w ratio 1.7–2.9; abaxially pubescent along midvein and secondary veins, base oblique, broadly cuneate to subrounded, apex obtuse or acute, rarely acuminate, margin serrate; terminal petiolule 1–15 mm. Male flowers 4.5–6 mm in diameter, with an entire bract; bracteoles 2; sepals 2; stamens 30–35, anthers pubescent. Female flowers subtended by a small, entire bract, adnate to bracteoles and virtually submerged in wing complex; bracteoles 2, united and adnate to ovary; sepals 4, adnate to ovary, free at apex; style short; stigmas commissural, 2 - lobed, plumose. Fruiting spike 25–30 cm, axis glabrous or pubescent. Nutlets compressed globose, ca. 7 mm; disc wing leathery, orbicular to ovate, 6 cm. 2 n = 4 x = 64.

Phenology.

Flowering mid-Apr. – early May; fruiting Jul. – Sep.

Distribution and habitat.

C. paliurus is widely distributed in the subtropical regions of China, predominantly growing in broad-leaved forests below 1200 m. In northwestern Guangxi, it occurs at elevations exceeding 1600 m.

Additional specimens examined.

Anhui province • Chiu Hwa Shan , 520 m alt., 2 Aug 1934, C. S. Fan & Y. Y. Li 69 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282854 About NAS ) • 11 Spe 1957, L. G. Fu 913 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001354 , NAS barcode NAS 00282870 About NAS ) • Qinyang Xian , 600 m alt., 15 Sep 1987, W. T. Wang s. n. ( PE barcode 00820925) • Hwang Shan , 700 m alt., 30 Sep 1933, M. Chen 1200 ( CQNM 0001324 About CQNM , PE barcode 00820932) • 600 m alt., 17 Oct 1933, W. C. Cheng 4052 ( PE barcode 00820926) • 22 Aug 1935, T. N. Liou & P. C. Tsoong 2946 ( PE barcode 00820928) • 25 Oct 1951, East China Workstation 6163 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282844 About NAS , PE barcode 00820934) • 800 m alt., 2 Oct 1955, M. J. Wang 3601 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282863 About NAS , PE barcode 00820922) • Wenquan, 650 m alt., 2 Oct 1955, M. J. Wang 3676 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282864 About NAS , PE barcode 00820923) • 200 m alt., 1 Sep 1957, L. G. Fu 841 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001353 , NAS barcode NAS 00282866 About NAS ) • She Xian, Sanyang , 800 m alt., 13 May 1959, R. Y. Shan et al. 1623 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282872 About NAS ) • Yingshan, 13 Jul 1975, K. J. Guan 75197 ( PE barcode 00820931) • Jinzhai, Baimazhai , 950 m alt., 25 May 1986, K. Yao 9757 ( NAS barcode NAS 00623146 About NAS ) • Tiantang Zhai , 851 m alt., 26 May 2022, X. X. Zhu et al. ZXX 22471 ( KUN barcode 1569870) ; Chongqing municipality • 1000 m alt., 27 Jul 1958, H. F. Zhou 26735 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282838 About NAS , PE barcode 00821073) • Fengjie, 800 m alt., 10 Aug 1958, M. Y. Fang 23909 ( NAS barcode 0442525, KUN barcode 0442525, PE barcode 00821066) • Nanchuan Xian , 950 m alt., 5 Jul 1957, J. H. Xiong & Z. L. Zhou 91819 ( KUN barcode 0442523, PE barcode 00821070) ; Fujian province • Chongan Xian , 300 m alt., 23 Oct 1980, Wuyi Expedition 802011 ( FJIDC barcode FJIDC 003052 ) • Emei Feng, Taining , 1400 m alt., 16 Jun 1945, L. K. Liu 725 ( PE barcode 00821104) • Chuan Ao, Jianning , 600 m alt., 3 Aug 1979, J. R. Chen et al. 60 ( PE barcode 00821105) • Guangze Xian , 750 m alt., 24 Sep 1980, Wuyi Mountain Expedition 801184 ( AU barcode 003911) • Wuyi Shan , Fujian, 1 Sep 1984, H. Y. Zou 20249 ( BJFC barcode BJFC 00030313 About BJFC , CSFI barcode CSFI 030783 About CSFI ) ; Guangdong province • Da Ling Jiao, Ruyuan , 8 Aug 1933, X. P. Gao 53145 ( KUN barcode 0442495, NAS barcode NAS 00282833 About NAS , PE barcode 00821111) • Yam Na Shan , Mei District, 11 Oct 1966, W. T. Tsang 21366 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282829 About NAS , PE barcode 00821108) ; Guangxi province • Tein Hung Shan , 3200 ft [ 975 m alt.], 11 Aug 1928, R. C. Ching 6812 ( PE barcode 00821114) ; Lao Shan, Linyun Xian , 13 Jul 1937, X. Q. Liu 28610 ( IBK barcode IBK 00155746 About IBK , NAS barcode NAS 00282836 About NAS , PE barcode 00821113) • Da Wan Shan, Rongshui Xian , 1100 m alt., 10 May 1989, Beijing Expedition 892540 ( PE barcode 00821113) • Yuan Bao Shan , 1200 m alt., 12 Jul 1959, Q. H. Chang 3646 ( PE barcode 00821115) • Leye Xian , 23 May 1977, D. Fang 3-5817 ( GXMI barcode GXMI 025397 About GXMI ) • Tongle , 1050 m alt., 30 Apr 1989, Hongshuihe Botanical Expedition 621 ( PE barcode 01984063) • Hu Shan, Longsheng Xian , 802.6 m alt., 28 Aug 2014, Longshengxian Expedition 450328130909002 LY ( GXMG barcode GXMG 0129711 About GXMG ) • Yuanya Shan, Damiaoshan Xian , 1200 m alt., 12 Jul 1959, Q. H. Lv 3646 ( HITBC barcode 030079, IBK barcode IBK 00155747 About IBK , KUN barcode 0442503, NAS barcode NAS 00282835 About NAS ) ; Guizhou province • Shunhua , 559 m alt., 16 Jun 2019, Q. R. Li 52263120190616605 LY ( GZTM barcode GZTM 0100017 About GZTM ) • Xuefeng Shan, Jiangkou Xian , 500–700 m alt., 4 Sep 1986, Sino-American Guizhou Botanical Expedition 874 ( PE barcode 00821078) • Shiqian Xian , 100 m alt., 27 Jul 1988, WulingShan Expedition 1859 ( GFS barcode GFS 0016465 About GFS , KUN barcode 0442489, PE barcode 01352840) • Yinjiang Xian , 1300 m alt., 7 Jul 1988, WulingShan Expedition 2101 ( GFS barcode GFS 0005275 About GFS , KUN barcode 0442492, PE barcode 01352841) • Taiyang Shan, Congjiang Xian , 900 m alt., 22 Aug 1965, W. Zhang et al. 5-1801 ( KUN barcode 0442488, PE barcode 00821094) • 1100 m alt., 14 Jul 1981, D. F. Huang 01073 ( TIE barcode 00002981) • Fanjing Shan , 1600 m alt., 16 May 1959, T. P. Zhu & Z. F. Liu 787 ( KUN barcode 0442485, PE barcode 00821097) • 900 m alt., 8 Apr 1981, Y. L. Tu 1809 ( GNUG barcode GNUG 0000248 About GNUG ) • Xingren Xian , 1500 m alt., 19 Aug 1960, Z. S. Zhang & Y. T. Zhang 7897 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282818 About NAS , PE barcode 00821085) • Yueliang Shan, Rongjiang Xian , 30 Jul 1959, Qiannan Expedition 02994 ( KUN barcode 0442484, PE barcode 00821096) ; Henan province • Daniu Shan, Shangcheng Xian , 668 m alt., 31 Jul 2021, X. Z. Cai et al. CXZ 531 ( HIB barcode HIB 0223316 About HIB ) ; Hubei province • Xingshan Xian , 1200 m alt., 30 Aug 2003, H. D. Huang & H. W. Shi 4539 ( HIB barcode HIB 0208585 About HIB ) • Li-Chuan, Mo-Pa-Hsiang , 4 May 1948, C. T. Hwa 492 ( PE barcode 00821047) • Hsio-Ho , 3400 ft [ 1133 m alt.], 4 Sep 1948, W. C. Cheng & C. T. Hwa 863 ( PE barcode 00821046) • Hongqi Xiang , 5 Oct 1957, G. X. Fu & Z. S. Zhang 1876 ( KUN barcode 0442506, NAS barcode NAS 00282823 About NAS , PE barcode 00821050) • 5 Oct 1959, M. X. Nie & Q. H. Li 1876 ( LBG barcode 00053700) • Huangtu Xiang, Laifeng Xian , 560 m alt., 13 Aug 1958, H. J. Li 4991 ( MO barcode 3507492, PE barcode 00821054) • Lvcongpo, Badong Xian , 1200 m alt., 10 Aug 2009, C. M. Zhao et al. EX 3038 ( PE barcode 01878087) • Tiantang Zhai, Luotian Xian , 718 m alt., 4 Jul 2022, X. X. Zhu et al. ZXX 22710 ( KUN barcode 1566208) • Jiugong Shan, Tongshan Xian , 1146 m alt., 17 Aug 2017, X. H. Zhan et al. LXP 7566 ( LBG barcode LBG 00136862 View Materials ) • Liushuping Cun, Zhuxi Xian , 1066 m alt., 28 Oct 2017, S. L. Li GanQL 1103 ( KUN barcode 1445690) ; Hunan province • Dawei Shan , 1000 m alt., 6 Sep 2016, H. G. Ye & F. Y. Zeng LXP 10 -12657 ( IBSC barcode 0836509) • 781 m alt., 22 Jun 2017, K. M. Liu LXP 03 -07806 ( HNNU barcode HNNU 00061451 About HNNU ) • Yizhang Xian , 800 m alt., 18 Oct 1942, S. Q. Chen 2614 ( IBK barcode IBK 00155754 About IBK , NAS barcode NAS 00282824 About NAS , PE barcode 00821034) • Erping , 685 m alt., 14 Aug 1984, Q. Z. Lin 84659 ( BJFC barcode 00030311, NWFC barcode NWFC 0016652 About NWFC ) • Xiaoxi Xiang, Yongshun Xian , 20 Jul 2014, D. G. Zhang zdg 1407200834 ( JIU barcode JIU 04453 About JIU ) • Lijiachong, Xinning Xian , 1100 m alt., 20 Jul 1996, Z. C. Luo 1506 ( PE barcode 00821044) • Fangguang Si, Nan yue , 770 m alt., 12 Oct 1981, Z. Y. Xie 38 ( NYA barcode NYA 0004569 About NYA ) • Shadi Ping, Sangzhi Xian , 1150 m alt., 5 Jul 1958, L. H. Liu 9317 ( KUN barcode 0442504, NAS barcode NAS 00282827 About NAS , PE barcode 00821025) • Tongdao Xian , 740 m alt., 19 Oct 1984, K. W. Liu 33105 ( CSFI barcode CSFI 030778 About CSFI , NWF barcode CNWFC 0016644 ) • Yun Shan, Wuqing Xian , 1120 m alt., 27 Sep 1963, L. H. Liu & G. Z. He 16029 ( KUN barcode 0442505, PE barcode 00821028) • Goulou Feng, Hengyang , 550 m alt., 23 Aug 1997, J. B. Zuo 0944 (A barcode 4502650, MO barcode 2669138) • Nan Yue , 22 Aug 1948, Y. Liu 00499 ( PE barcode 00821022, SHM barcode SHM 0004435 View Materials ) • Suoxiyu, Cili Xian , 550 m alt., 3 Sep 1984, Xiangxi Expedition 320 ( PE barcode 00821039) • Wukang, Yün-schan , 900 – 1100 m alt., 7 Aug 1917, H. R. E. Handel-Mazzetti et al. 11165 ( WU barcode 0031431) • Zhupo Cun, Zhijiang Xian , 800 m alt., 18 Oct 1988, WulingShan Expedition 2325 ( PE barcode 00821038) • Yujiaxi, Dayong Xian , 700 m alt., 8 Jul 1985, Y. T. Xiao 41123 ( CSFI barcode CSFI 030768 About CSFI ) • Tianzi Shan, Zhangjiajie , 1000 m alt., 8 Jul 1985, H. Zhou & D. S. Zhou 15091003 ( CSFI barcode CSFI 035146 About CSFI ) ; Jiangxi province • Jiuling Shan , Yifeng County, 600 m alt., 8 Jul 1995, F. Konta & S. J. Hao CH 2257 ( SHM barcode SHM 0016012 View Materials ) • Wuyi Shan, Qianshan Xian , 900 m alt., 15 Apr 2009, C. M. Tan 09445 ( CCAU barcode ccau 0006967, JJF barcode JJF 00024086 About JJF , SZG barcode SZG 00004480 About SZG ) • Lichuan Xian , 580 m alt., 18 Sep 2015, H. P. Tong & Y. Z. Wang Tancm 2737 ( JJF barcode JJF 00024100 About JJF ) • Lu Shan , 12 Oct 1951, M. J. Wang 1147 ( KUN barcode 0442507, LBG barcode 00001462, PE barcode 00821012) • Huanglong, 1 Jun 1951, Y. Zou 333 ( LBG barcode 00001460, PE barcode 00821011) • Lianhuadong, 27 Sep 1941, H. Migo ( NAS barcode NAS 00282807 About NAS ) • Mumachang, 900 m alt., 1 Jul 1983, Jin Fang ( BNU barcode 0035041) • Ciping, Suichuan Xian , 900 m alt., 19 May 1977, J. Xiong 03110 ( LBG barcode 00001442, PE barcode 00821010) • Jingang Shan , 1020 m alt., 26 Nov 1963, J. S. Yue et al. 5422 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282810 About NAS , PE barcode 00820996) • Luoxi, Wuning Xian , 1300 m alt., 26 Aug 2000, J. H. Zhang 1091 ( JJF barcode JJF 00018768 About JJF , PE barcode 01569892) • Nanping, Wugong Shan , 1200 m alt., 30 Sep 1954, Jiangxi Expedition 1647 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282800 About NAS , PE barcode 00821006) • Yongxiu Xian, Longgang , 450 m alt., 3 Nov 2010, Y. Q. Miao 1032 ( CCAU barcode ccau 0006930, JJF barcode JJF 00024092 About JJF ) • Yan Shan , 200 m alt., 9 May 1963, S. K. Lai 2070 ( KUN barcode 0442510, LBG barcode 00108771, PE barcode 00821018, SHM barcode SHM 0004442 View Materials ) • Yuanling, Xiushui Xian , 450 m alt., 3 May 2008, Y. Q. Miao 0822 ( JJF barcode JJF 00024084 About JJF , SZG barcode SZG 00004474 About SZG ) ; Shaanxi province • Lveyang Xian , 1300 m alt., 16 Sep 1952, K. J. Fu 5930 ( KUN barcode 0442526, PE barcode 00820915) ; Yunnan province • Lida Xiang, Funing Xian , 1150 m alt., 19 Oct 1964, Q. A. Wu 9667 ( KUN barcode 0442480) ; Zhejiang province • Tianmu Shan , 22 May 1929, K. K. Tsoong 210 ( PE barcode 00820971) • 28 Jul 1957, X. Y. He 25122 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001332 , NAS barcode NAS 00282770 About NAS , PE barcode 00820953) • 25 May 1957, X. Y. He 21879 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001340 , NAS barcode NAS 00282777 About NAS , PE barcode 00820979) • Changhua, 260 m alt., 15 Jun 1957, M. B. Deng 4395 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282785 About NAS , PE barcode 00820978) • 7 Oct 1957, X. Y. He 29865 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001342 , NAS barcode NAS 00283894 About NAS , PE barcode 00820951) • W. Tien-mu-shan , 1 Jul 1932, W. C. Cheng 3687 ( PE barcode 00820937) • 350 m alt., 24 Jun 1983, Q. X. Zheng S 815-96 ( PE barcode 00820940) • 1040 m alt., 29 Aug 1959, Zhejiang Botanical Expedition 29287 ( NAS barcode NAS 00282797 About NAS , PE barcode 00820955) • Yin xian , 1958, G. R. Chen 2245 ( KUN barcode 0442496, PE barcode 00820989) • Ningp’eh , 17 Jun 1934, P. C. Tsoong 357 ( PE barcode 00820968) • Tiantai, 21 Jul 1959, L. S. Que 28442 ( PE barcode 00820966, ZM barcode ZMNH 0000475 View Materials ) • Wuliang Si, Taibai Shan , 260 m alt., 7 Oct 1957, X. Y. He 29865 ( HHBG barcode HZ 001342 , NAS barcode NAS 00282771 About NAS , PE barcode 00820951) • Lishui, Dagangtou , 29 Jul 1959, S. Y. Zhang 6109 ( AU barcode 031555, HHBG barcode HZ 001356, KUN barcode 0442497, NAS barcode NAS 00283902 About NAS , PE barcode 00820945) • Suichang Xian , 30 Oct 1959, Z. G. Mao 10419 ( HHB barcode GHZ 001372 ) • Ruian Xian , 8 Jul 1959, S. Y. Zhang 6654 ( AU barcode 031744, HHBG barcode HZ 001355, KUN barcode 0442499, NAS barcode NAS 00283914 About NAS , PE barcode 00820942) .