Limnonectes dabanus ( Smith, 1922 )

Limnonectes dabanus ( Smith, 1922) View in CoL

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IEBR A. 6337 (field No. BT. 2022.18); individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 69E304D0-543C-547E-AAD1-0EF3841FAFA5; Taxon: scientificNameID: Limnonectes dabanus ; scientificName: Limnonectes dabanus ; class: Amphibia; order: Anura ; family: Dicroglossidae ; genus: Limnonectes ; specificEpithet: dabanus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Smith, 1922; Location: country: Vietnam; countryCode: VN; stateProvince: Binh Thuan; county: Binh Thuan; municipality: Ham Thuan Nam; locality: Ta Kou Nature Reserve ; verbatimElevation: 350; verbatimLatitude: 10°48'43.6"N; verbatimLongitude: 107°53'38.7"E; verbatimCoordinateSystem: WGS 84; Event: eventDate: March 25, 2022; eventRemarks: collected by AV Pham; Record Level: language: en; collectionCode: Amphibians; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen GoogleMaps

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IEBR A. 6338 (field No. BT. 2022.19); individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 20BD3F99-C308-525D-9D9E-D932E31E82C2; Taxon: scientificNameID: Limnonectes dabanus ; scientificName: Limnonectes dabanus ; class: Amphibia; order: Anura ; family: Dicroglossidae ; genus: Limnonectes ; specificEpithet: dabanus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Smith, 1922; Location: country: Vietnam; countryCode: VN; stateProvince: Binh Thuan; county: Binh Thuan; municipality: Ham Thuan Nam; locality: Ta Kou Nature Reserve ; verbatimElevation: 350; verbatimLatitude: 10°48'43.6"N; verbatimLongitude: 107°53'38.7"E; verbatimCoordinateSystem: WGS 84; Event: eventDate: March 25, 2022; eventRemarks: collected by AV Pham; Record Level: language: en; collectionCode: Amphibians; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen GoogleMaps

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IEBR A. 6339 (field No. BT. 2022.20); individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: CAFB0FB5-8FC1-5DFE-8B30-7701C554C1BE; Taxon: scientificNameID: Limnonectes dabanus ; scientificName: Limnonectes dabanus ; class: Amphibia; order: Anura ; family: Dicroglossidae ; genus: Limnonectes ; specificEpithet: dabanus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Smith, 1922; Location: country: Vietnam; countryCode: VN; stateProvince: Binh Thuan; county: Binh Thuan; municipality: Ham Thuan Nam; locality: Ta Kou Nature Reserve ; verbatimElevation: 350; verbatimLatitude: 10°48'43.6"N; verbatimLongitude: 107°53'38.7"E; verbatimCoordinateSystem: WGS 84; Event: eventDate: March 25, 2022; eventRemarks: collected by AV Pham; Record Level: language: en; collectionCode: Amphibians; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen GoogleMaps

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: IEBR A. 6340 (field No. BT. 2022.21); individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: F74F9FE9-277E-570C-BFD3-8B4180AE086F; Taxon: scientificNameID: Limnonectes dabanus ; scientificName: Limnonectes dabanus ; class: Amphibia; order: Anura ; family: Dicroglossidae ; genus: Limnonectes ; specificEpithet: dabanus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Smith, 1922; Location: country: Vietnam; countryCode: VN; stateProvince: Binh Thuan; county: Binh Thuan; municipality: Ham Thuan Nam; locality: Ta Kou Nature Reserve ; verbatimElevation: 350; verbatimLatitude: 10°48'43.6"N; verbatimLongitude: 107°53'38.7"E; verbatimCoordinateSystem: WGS 84; Event: eventDate: March 25, 2022; eventRemarks: collected by AV Pham; Record Level: language: en; collectionCode: Amphibians; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen GoogleMaps

Description

One sequence of 560 bps (16 S gene) from specimen IEBR A. 6338 (GenBank accession number PV 444292) of Limnonectes specimen from Ta Kou Nature Reserve, Binh Thuan Province was similar (99.5 %) to the available sequence of L. dabanus (accession number MK 688610 View Materials ) on GenBank.

Morphological characters of specimens from Binh Thuan Province agreed with the descriptions of Bourret (1942), Lambertz et al. (2014) and Pham et al. (2019). Size medium, males slightly larger than females (SVL 52.4-53.3 mm in males, n = 2; 44.7-44.9 mm in females, n = 2); head width broader than long (HL 23.5-27.3 mm, HW 23.8-27.6 mm in males; 18.2-18.3 mm, 18.3-18.5 mm in females); snout round anteriorly in dorsal view; rostral length greater than eye diameter (RL 8.5-9.5 mm, ED 5.7-5.9 mm in males; 6.8-7.1 mm, 5.1-5.2 mm in females); tympanum distinct, smaller than the eye diameter (TD / ED 0.90-0.91 in males, 0.85-0.88 in females); vomerine teeth in two oblique ridges; tongue cordiform, deeply notched posteriorly; lower jaw with two tooth, well developed; lacking vocal sacs in males (Table 1 View Table 1 and Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ).

Arms short; fingers free of webbing; tips of fingers blunt, not expanded; finger I with nuptial pad, without minute spines in males. Tibia length shorter than thigh; tips of toes blunt, round; webbing well developed, formula I 0–1 / 3 II 0 – 1 / 4 III 0 – 1 IV 1 – 0 V; tibio-tarsal articulation reaching to the eye (Fig. 2 View Figure 2 ).

Skin texture in life: Dorsal surface of head smooth with a swollen flap in males; dorsal surface of body and flanks with tubercles; supratympanic fold distinct; dorsal surface of limbs and thighs smooth; dorsal surface of tibia with small tubercles; throat, chest, belly and ventral surface of thighs smooth.

Colouration in life: Dorsal surface of head, body and flanks light brown with dark brown marking; dorsal surface of fore- and hind-limbs light brown with dark crossbars; ventral surface of limbs, throat, chest and belly white (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ).

Distribution

In Vietnam, this species has been reported from Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Lam Dong, Dong Nai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Ninh Thuan and Khanh Hoa Provinces ( Do et al. 2017, Pham et al. 2019, Frost 2025). Elsewhere, the species is known from Cambodia ( Frost 2025). This is the first record of L. dabanus from Binh Thuan Province.

Ecology

The frogs were found between 21: 00 and 22: 30 h in rocky streams. Surrounding habitat consisted of mixed secondary forest composed of small to medium hardwoods and shrubs. Air temperature was 25–30 ° C and relative humidity was 55–70 %.