Hemipeplus miyamotoi Kamiya, 1961

Hemipeplus miyamotoi Kamiya, 1961

(Figs 43.1, 43.2, 65)

Hemipeplus miyamotoi Kamiya, 1961: 75 .— Kamiya 1963: 14, Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ; Hsiao & Pollock 2022: 2, Fig. A.

Type Material. Holotype, sex unknown, in KUEC ( Japan, Shinmura-Yuwan , Amami-Oshima); not studied, see Kamiya (1961) for details.

Other Material Examined. JAPAN. Kyushu. Miyazaki. Udo Miyazaki 29.vii.1974, T.N & A.N. leg., Brit. Mus. 1976–441, ( BMNH, 1♀) . Yakushima Koidomari 1.viii.1991, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 1) ; Ryukyu Islands. Amami. Asani, 24.iii.1967, H. Nomura leg., ( FSCA, 1). Amami Ōshima. Sato, 1.iii.1989, T Ueno leg., ( FSCA, 1); Naze city, 2-iii-1989, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 2♀) ( Fig. 43.2) ; same locality, 9.iv.1971, M. Sakai leg., ( DAPC, 1♀) ; Hatauno 3.iv.1991, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 1♂) . Iriomote Ohtomi-rindo, 1.viii.1988, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 1). Kanna. Okinawa, 11.viii.1945, Eugene Ray leg., at light, ( FMNH, 1); same locality, 14.viii.1945, Eugene Ray leg., at light, ( FMNH, 1); same locality, 16.viii.1945, Eugene Ray leg., at light, ( FMNH, 1♂, 1 sex unknown). Okinawa. Yona , Kunigami , 19.iii.1988, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 1). Tokara Island . Nakanoshima, 4.viii.1989, T. Ueno leg., ( DAPC, 1) . TAIWAN. Hualien County. Piluhsi (Piluchi) For. Res. Stn. 22.v.1999 , 2150 m, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 1♂, 24 sex unknown); same locality, S.E. Halbert, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 3); same locality, 23.v.1999, S.E. Halbert, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 3); same locality, 23.v.1999 , 2150–2300 m, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 6) ( Fig. 43.1); same locality, 24.v.1999, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 5); same locality, 24.v.1999 , 2150 m, S.E. Halbert, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 4); same locality, 26.v.1999 , 2100 m, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 1). Kaohsiung. Kaohsiung Hsien, rd. from Tengchin to Chuyanshan 1400 m, 25.iv.1990, A. Smetana ( T23 ) leg., ( MHNG, 1). Nantou County. Puli, Nanshan River , ca . 400 m, 24.v.1999, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 1). Tainan. Tsaoshan ( Sozan ), 4–5.viii.1963 , 200–300 m, J. L. Gressitt leg., on bamboo, ( BPBM, 1). Taipei. Pihu, 49 km E of Taipei, on Highway 9 (to Yilan), 18.ii.1972, T. C. Maa leg., ( BPBM, 1). Yilan County. Tsuifeng Lake , 17.v.1999 , 2400 m, S.E. Halbert, C.W. & L.B. O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 1); 7 km mark on Taipingshan / Tsuifeng Lake Rd. , 17.v.1999, S. Halbert, C & L O’Brien leg., ( FSCA, 1) .

FIGURE 43. 1. Hemipeplus miyamotoi Kamiya, 1961 (Taiwan). A. Dorsal habitus (with scale bar); B. Dorsal head and prothorax; C. Lateral view of head and prothorax; D. Male genitalia dorsal view with spiculum gastrale; E. Tegmen dorsal view (with scale bar); F. Tegmen lateral view with one paramere removed.

FIGURE 43. 2. Hemipeplus miyamotoi Kamiya, 1961 ( Japan). A. Dorsal habitus (with scale bar); B. Dorsal head and prothorax; C. Lateral view of head and prothorax.

Diagnosis. Hemipeplus miyamotoi can be distinguished by its small eyes, round temples, and strongly produced anterolateral pronotal angles. Hemipeplus miyamotoi has the following diagnostic features: temples prominent and rounded; scape short and moniliform; eyes smallest among all Austro-Oriental Hemipeplinae (shorter than scape + pedicel), shallow and slightly convex; pronotum subcordiform; anterior emargination moderate; anterior half much wider than posterior half, distinctly produced; pronotal pad not distinct; pronotal angles rounded; pronotal lobe indistinct without median notch; body long; elytra slightly convex; color dull, variable: uniformly testaceous to rufotestaceous, head and pronotum rufopiceous to strongly piceous with lighter elytra; distribution: Japan (Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan.

Re-description. Measurements (in mm)—GHW: 0.57–0.68; HL: 0.52–0.58; AL: 0.93–1.10; GPW: 0.62–0.73; PL: 0.48–0.60, GEW: 0.80–1.06; EL: 2.40–3.40; TL: 3.40–4.58.

Head (Figs 43.1B, 43.2B) wide (GHW/HL: 1.10–1.17); eyes smallest among all Austro-Oriental Hemipeplinae (shorter than scape + pedicel), shallow and not very convex; temples prominent, about 1/3 length of eye, large and rounded; occiput with raised areas; antennae about subequal to or slightly shorter than head and pronotum length combined; antennal scape short, moniliform; pedicel small moniliform; antennomere III more elongate and apically dilated; IV shorter and moniliform, apically dilated; V–VI larger, apically dilated; VII–X subtriangular or bowl shaped, each wider than the next; XI subpyriform with apex narrowed after the notch; lateral mandibular tooth absent to very short. Pronotum (Figs 43.1B, 43.2B) wide (GPW/PL: 1.22–1.29); anterior margin with moderate emargination; anterolateral angles narrowly rounded, strongly produced; lateral margins deeply sinuate anteriorly; posterior half contracted with margins subparallel; posterolateral angles obtuse, rounded; pronotal lobe truncate without median notch; pronotal pad (Figs 43.1C, 43.2C) indistinct; pronotal pits shallow to deep with or without visible grooves. Scutellar shield elliptical to subquadrate, transverse, about twice as wide as long. Elytra (Figs 43.1A, 43.2A) long (EL/GEW: 3.00–3.21), slightly convex; vestiture long and dense; apical patch long, faint to dark. Ventral surface. Prosternal process short, not extending posterior of procoxae; hypomeral edges well separated; mesosternal process narrow and linear. Color dull, variable: uniformly testaceous to rufotestaceous; head and pronotum rufopiceous to shiny piceous in some specimens with rufous mouthparts; ventrally equally variable; some specimens with darker head and pronotum have mesosternal process darker as well; palpi, glossal sclerite, galea paler in most specimens; some specimens are uniformly testaceous to unevenly rufopiceous ventrally.

Male Genitalia (Figs 43. 1D–F). (Tegmen length = 0.20 mm (n = 1)) One of the smallest male genitalia among all Hemipeplinae species; lobe of basale short, slender, and pointed (slightly broader than in H. rugosus sp. nov.); shoulders slightly obtuse angled; apicale and basale with distinct suture; parameres arcuate with tips thin, sharp and pointed; penis wide, subequal to tegmen.

Variation. Specimens of H. miyamotoi exhibit large variation in color. The head and pronotum are piceous while the elytra are light brown in some specimens from Japan (Fig. 43.2B), while some are dark brown with head and pronotum only slightly darker (Fig. 43.1B); some are uniformly light brown/testaceous.

Remarks. Hemipeplus miyamotoi has the smallest eyes among all Hemipeplinae species in the Austro-Oriental region relative to the length of its antennomeres. As mentioned above, similarity of male genitalia between H. rugosus sp. nov. and H. miyamotoi suggests a possible close phylogenetic relationship.

Geographical Distribution (Fig. 65). Japan (Kyushu, Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan (new country record).

Natural History. According to specimen label data, H. miyamotoi has been found in association with bamboo ( Poaceae ) and adults have been collected at light.