Rhinella mirandaribeiroi

Populations of R. mirandaribeiroi View in CoL (Cerrado)

Males vocalize after rains at night in shallow puddles at the edge of shallow streams, lakes, or in areas of low and sparse vegetation near pasture or cultivated fields. The calls are composed of a sequence of approximately 153 notes with a duration of around 5 seconds, emitted at a rate of 4 calls per minute and 28 notes per second. The calls reach maximum amplitude rapidly and remain constant until the end ( Figure 5 View FIGURE 5 ). The notes have a duration of about 25 ms and contain 4 to 5 pulses per note. The dominant frequency is around 2795 Hz.

Molecular Analyses

Considering a 614-base pair sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA fragment, the topotypes exhibit low genetic distance in comparison to the Cerrado populations (uncorrected distance of 1.43–1.89%). The intraspecific genetic distance was on average 0.06 for the Cerrado populations and 0.02 for the topotypes.