Anthurium brigadeiroense Nadruz, Hammes & Temponi, 2020

Anthurium brigadeiroense Nadruz, Hammes & Temponi , sp. nov. ( Figs. 1 E–I View FIGURE 1 , 4 View FIGURE 4 )

In Anthurium brigadeiroense the stem and the leaf blade are erect, the leaf is coriaceous, linear, oblong to rarely elliptical, the secondary veins are engraved to strongly engraved adaxially, the peduncle/petiole ratio is 0.2 (0.4–1.2), the spadix is vinaceous and the fruits are green. It differs from A. caparoense , A. cipoense , A. megapetiolatum ; A. narae by most of the features already given, except green fruits which are also present in A. cipoense and the chartaceous leaf blade in A. narae . Anthurium atrovinosum differs by its elliptical, higher peduncle/petiole ratio (0.3–2.1) 0.8–2.1, vinaceous berries.

Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Araponga. Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Lage do Ouro , 3 Aug. 2019, fl., fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 228 (holotype RB! , isotypes BHCB! , K! , MO! ).

Terrestrial. Stem erect; internodes 0.5–5.0 cm long, sometimes red internally in cross section. Cataphyll and prophyll brown, completely marcescent to marcescent with entire apex. Petiole green to green with vinaceous dots from base to middle, abaxially acute to obtuse, adaxially flat to sulcate with obtuse angles, 6.5–49.5 cm long, geniculum 0.2–0.6 cm long. Leaf blade green, slightly discolorous, coriaceous, linear, oblong to rarely elliptic, 14.5–47.0 × 2.0– 11.5 cm, acute to apiculate at the apex, acute at the base, truncate, obtuse, slightly cordate when juvenile. Midrib green on both sides, acute to obtuse throughout its length on the upper surfaces (acute at least in the apical portion), acute on the lower surfaces; primary lateral veins 9–14 per side; secondary lateral veins strongly engraved; basal vein (1)– (0); collective veins 0.2–1.8 cm distant from margin. Inflorescence: Peduncle vinaceous to green with vinaceous dots, terete to 1-ribbed, 4.0–34.0 cm long. Spathe green with vinaceous shading, erect to patent, 3.0–7.5 × 1.0– 1.5 cm, decurrency green, acutely angled at junction with peduncle, sessile or shortly stipitate; stipe up to 0.4 cm long. Spadix slightly green with vinaceous dots to brown, cylindrical, 2.8–8.6 × 0.4–1.0 cm, pollen grains yellow, main spiral with 4–5 flowers; alternate spiral with 6–7 flowers, green berries, seeds-2.

Phenology: The species was found with flowers and young fruits in July and February.

Eponymy: The epithet “ brigadeiroense ” refers to the location where the species was collected in the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park.

History and geographic distribution: The first collection of this species was made by C.N. Fraga ( Fraga 3582) in 2015, in the municipality of Fervedouro on the “Pedra do Pato” trail and was deposited in the RB herbarium. New specimens were collected in 2019 and the species has so far been found only in the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park, on the trails: “Pico do Boné”, “Matipó” and “Pedra do Pato”, within the municipalities of Araponga and Fervedouro, at elevations ranging from 1260 to 1650 m ( Figure 3 View FIGURE 3 ).

Habitat and ecology: Anthurium brigadeiroense has a terrestrial habit and can be found in Upper Montane Seasonal Forest. Small populations of 3–4 individuals were observed in slightly degraded areas near the forest edge and a single population (about 10 individuals) in shaded forest sites. It is considered as Critical Endangered (CR) by the IUCN criteria, due to extension of occurrence (EOO) of 15,000 km ² and also for being endemic to the PESB with an occupation area (AOO) of 24,000 km ².

Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL. Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro , Minas Gerais: Araponga, Trilha Matipó , 4 Jul. 2019, fl., fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 229 ( UNOP! SPF!) ; 4 Jul. 2019, fl., fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 231 ( RB!). Pedra do Pato , 3 Feb. 2015, fl., C.N. Fraga et al. 3582 ( RB!). Pico do Boné , 2 Jul. 2019, fl., fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 226 ( HRCB!). Fervedouro, Pedra do Pato , 12 Feb. 2020, fl., fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 243 ( UNOP! BHCB!) ; 13 Feb. 2020, fr., J.K. Hammes et al. 246 ( B! P! NYBG! RB! HRCB!) .

Notes: This species belongs to Anthurium sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia , which is characterized by its erect leaf, coriaceous leaf blade with secondary veins strongly engraved adaxially, green berries and can be differentiated from other species in this section by the characteristics shown in identification key.