Tinamus Hermann, 1783

Tinamus Hermann View in CoL

240. Tinamus sp.

Late Holocene – SP

Tinamus View in CoL – Gonzalez et al. 2007: 235.

Tinamus View in CoL [in part] – Ferrasso and Schmitz 2010: 75.

Gonzalez et al. (2007) reported this genus among the material from the Guarani site Piracanjuba in Piraju, São Paulo. The material (with at least part of it collected during May 2004) consists of two distal tarsometatarsus epiphyses from the site’s layers I and II .

241. Tinamus cf. solitarius (Vieillot)

Early Holocene – MG

“Indeterminate bird” – Chahud et al. 2021: 1271, fig. 2E. Tinamus major – Chahud 2021: 5–7, fig. 3.

Chahud (2021) reported the distal end of a right tarsometatarsus (ST-TR-5) of an adult bird from Lapa do Santo in Matozinhos, Minas Gerais. It was previously depicted as an indeterminate bird by Chahud et al. (2021). The material is deposited in the LEEH-IB-USP collection. Chahud noted the record of this forest species may suggest a biome ecotone or a wetter period in the Lagoa Santa region during the Holocene .

242. Tinamus solitarius (Vieillot)

Quaternary – MG, RJ, RS

Tinamus major View in CoL – Winge 1887: 16.

Tinamus major View in CoL – Goeldi 1894: 440.

Tinamus major View in CoL – Lambrecht 1933: 730.

Tinamus major View in CoL – Brodkorb 1963: 194.

Tinamus major View in CoL – Mones 1986: 75.

Tinamus major View in CoL – Cuello 1988: 27.

Tinamus solitarius View in CoL – Nascimento and Silveira 2020: 489.

Winge (1887) reported the proximal and distal ends of a tibiotarsus from Lapa da Escrivânia V, and a coracoid, an ulna, and the distal end of a tibiotarsus from “various caves” [26]. He noted little difference between this material and a recent skeleton, insufficient to assign it to another species. The distal end of the tibiotarsus differs somewhat from that observed in Crypturellus View in CoL , Nothura View in CoL , and Rhynchotus View in CoL , and the other fragments were determined mainly by their size.

Winge followed Reinhardt’s (1870) survey of the avifauna from the “Brazilian Campos”, where he reported the occurrence of Tinamus major in the Lagoa Santa region. This record was synonymized with Tinamus solitarius by Hellmayr and Conover (1942) and Rodrigues (2008), which is supported by the geographic distribution of these species. T. major occurs mainly in the north and part of the midwest Brazil ( Sick 1997, Cabot et al. 2017a), and T. solitarius occurs in the southeast ( Sick 1997, Cabot et al. 2017b), although it is now extinct in the Lagoa Santa region ( Rodrigues 2008). T. solitarius has also been considered conspecific with T. major

[26] Winge (1887: 11) used the term “Forskjellige Huler” (“various caves”)

for what Lund seemed to refer to the Lapas da Anna Felicia, dos Coxos, dos Ossinhos, and da Serra das Abelhas. The surfaces and fractures of the bones are similar to those observed in the material from Lapa do Capão Seco.

( Hellmayr and Conover 1942, Cabot et al. 2017b). This record, much like all of Lund’s materials, requires revision, and it is thus better referred to as Tinamus solitarius provisionally.

“Macuco ( Tinamus sp. )” – Klamt 2005: 47.

Tinamus View in CoL [in part] – Ferrasso and Schmitz 2010: 75.

Klamt (2005) reported this species from the Röpke (RS-JC-56) “B” site in Ibirama, Rio Grande do Sul, dated 470±50 years BP ( Ferrasso and Schmitz 2010). He cited Mentz Ribeiro (1996) as the original source for the record, but we could not access this reference.

Tinamus solitarius View in CoL – Bueno 2007: 34.

Bueno (2007) mentioned this species among avian remains from sambaquis in the APA ( Área de Proteção Ambiental ) de Massambaba, coastal Rio de Janeiro .