BONNETINA PAPALUTLENSIS

BONNETINA PAPALUTLENSIS

MENDOZA-MARROQUÍN, 2012

( FIGS 1, 2, 3C, 6A, 8E–F; TABLE 1)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:89E48FB9-498D-49AB-976D-AF9E1B82C560

Bonnetina papalutlensis Mendoza-Marroquín, 2012: 58 View in CoL , figs 1–11. Ortiz & Francke, 2016: figs 1–7.

Type locality: MEXICO: Guerrero State: Copalillo municipality: close to Papalutla town: margin of Mezcala River : 18.0220°, –98.8953 °.

Material examined (n = 34): MEXICO: Guerrero State. ♂ a holotype ( CNAN-T0662 ). Copalillo municipality: close to Papalutla town: margin of Mezcala River : 18.0220°, –98.8953°: 650 masl. 14/IX/2007 . J. Mendoza, col. Wandering around 18:00 h. Tropical deciduous forest . ♀ paratype ( CNAN-T0664 ). Same municipality, date, collector and habitat as holotype. Close to Papalutla town: road to Las Palmas : 18.0377°, –98.9033°: 950 masl. Under a stone . ♀ (CNAN-Ar4080). Same data as holotype . 2 ♂♂ a ( CNAN-T0663 ). Copalillo municipality: Papalutla : 18.0220°, –98.8953°: 650 masl. 14/IX/2007 . Víctor Jiménez, col. 2 ♂♂ a (CNAN-Ar3730, Ar 3736) and ♀ (CNAN-Ar 3733). Atenango del Río municipality: Atenango del Río : 18.1034°, –99.1051°: 630 masl. VI /2000 . José Luis Castelo, col. 3 ♂♂ a (CNAN-Ar3723A, Ar 3723B, Ar 3723C) and 2 ♀♀ (CNAN-Ar3723D, Ar 3723E). Eduardo Neri municipality: 1 km north of Milpillas : 17.7760°, –99.5613°: 760 masl. 22/IX/2012 . D. Ortiz, J. Mendoza, J. Cruz and G. Contreras, cols. Under stones in the road bank, in tropical deciduous forest . ♂ a (CNAN-Ar5022A) and ♀ (CNAN-Ar5023). Eduardo Neri municipality: Xochipala : 17.7877°, –99.6339°: 1100 masl. 4/ XII/2009 . E. Goyer, Justin Coburn, E. Hijmensen and Boris F. Striffler, cols. Under stones in tropical deciduous forest . ♂ a (CNAN-Ar5023). Eduardo Neri municipality: Casa Verde bridge (km 192, Federal Road 95): 17.7959°, –99.5636°: 680 masl. 4/12/2009 . E. Goyer, J. Coburn, E. Hijmensen and B. F. Striffler, cols. Under stones in tropical deciduous forest . 2 ♂♂ a (CNAN-Ar3720A, Ar 3720B) and ♀ (CNANAr3720C). Leonardo Bravo municipality: 1.5 km road from Atlixtac to Chichihualco : 17.6505°, –99.6420°: 1380 masl. 23/IX/2012 . D. Ortiz, J. Mendoza, J. Cruz and G. Contreras, cols. Under stones in elaborated retreats, in oak forest . ♂ a (CNAN-Ar3721D) and 3 ♀♀ (CNAN-Ar3721A, Ar 3721B, Ar 3721C). Mártir de Cuilapán municipality: 2.8 km road from Apango to Zotoltitlán : Barranca del Tigre : 17.7297°, –99.3051°: 1300 masl. 23/IX/2012 . D. Ortiz, J. Mendoza, J. Cruz and G. Contreras, cols. Under stones in shallow retreats, in a grassland . ♂ a (CNAN-Ar3407). Same locality as CNAN-Ar3721 specimens. X/2011 . Aubin Alcaraz, col. ♂ a (CNAN-Ar3395A). Tepecoacuilco de Trujano municipality: Ahuehuepan : 18.0076°, –99.5001°: 900 masl. 26/IX/2009 . O. F. Francke, J. Cruz . ♀ (CNAN-Ar3710). Tepecoacuilco de Trujano municipality: La Coronilla hill (2 km west of Ahuehuepan ): 18.0162°, –99.5287°: 850 masl. IV/2009 . Tania López, col. Tropical deciduous forest. ♀ (CNAN-Ar3711). Same data as specimen CNAN-Ar3710, except for collection date. X/2009. Morelos State. 4 ♂♂ a (CNAN-Ar3724A, Ar 3724B, Ar 3724C, Ar 3724E) and ♀ (CNAN-Ar3724D). Tepalcingo municipality: El Limón Ecological Reserve: 1.3 km north of El Limón town : 18.5425°, –98.9360°: 1320 masl. 22/IX/2012 . Griselda Montiel, D. Barrales and Jonathan Arreguín, cols. Tropical deciduous forest . ♂ a (CNANAr4084A) and 2 ♀♀ (CNAN-Ar4084B, Ar 4084C). Tlaquiltenango municipality: around Cruz Pintada dam: 18.4627°, –99.0358°: 980 masl. 17/I/2013 . G. Montiel, C. Santibáñez, G. Contreras, I. Rivas, Y. Hernández and Y. Miranda , cols. Under stones .

Diagnosis (emended): Morphology and natural history. Males ( Fig. 8E) differ from most Bonnetina males by having sub-rectangular bulbal embolus, only remarkably thinner at the apex. They differ from those of B. vittata and B. julesvernei by lacking an internal mound on the tibia I retrolateral apophysis, from those of B. tanzeri by showing a well-developed nodule on the retrolateral pedipalpal tibia, and from those of B. hijmenseni by having the tibia I retrolateral apophysis dorsally straight (not curved), and by showing the carapace covered by copper penny reddish pilosity, instead of light copper yellowish pubescence. Females ( Fig. 8F) differ from those of most Bonnetina species by having mammiform spermatheca. They differ from females of B. vittata (very conspicuous) and B. julesvernei (poorly conspicuous), by having inconspicuous patellae stripes. Bonnetina papalutlensis is distributed in central and northern Guerrero and southern Morelos, whereas B. vittata and B. julesvernei are known to live only close to the Pacific coast. DNA. Diagnostic COI nucleotides (3): 195 (A), 210 (G), 651 (A, G). COI p -distances to other species above 8.5%; intra-specific distances less than 3.7% (Appendices S1, S5).

Species delimitation methods and remarks: Integrative ( Ortiz & Francke, 2016); this study: morphology (only a posteriori characters), HG barcoding, PTP and distributional models. PTP detects two lineages in the species, which are not supported by the rest of the evidence.

Genetic diversity. COI: KP 757197 View Materials – KP757212, KP 757239 – KP 757245 View Materials ( Fig. 2; Appendix S 1). Intra-specific variation <3.7%. ITS1: KP757273 View Materials – KP757288, KP757303 – KP757305 View Materials . Intra-specific variation <4.3%.

Distribution and natural history: Bonnetina papalutlensis has been collected in 11 localities, the furthest located at 125 km from each other, in central and eastern Guerrero, and southern Morelos, in centraleastern of Balsas Basin ( Fig. 1; Table 1). The species has been found between 630 and 1500 masl, mainly in tropical deciduous forests, but also in an oak forest (Atlixtac). The predicted distribution ( Fig. 3C; Appendix S2) includes mainly its known range, but also distant areas in central Michoacán (about 200 km away), surroundings of the city of Querétaro (200 km away), and another one close to the coast of Oaxaca (300 km away). Some samplings across the coast of Oaxaca have failed to locate the species. According to the distribution model, the main factors that define the species distribution are precipitation of driest and wettest months, and maximum temperature of warmest month. Bonnetina papalutlensis lives under stones, often in shallow retreats ( Fig. 6A), and males have been located from June to January. The species is syntopic with the much smaller B. hobbit in Barranca del Tigre and it is sympatric with Brachypelma cf. albiceps (Pocock, 1903) in Xochipala. Mendoza-Marroquín (2012) described a copula in captivity in October 2007, which led to oviposition the following March (150 days later), and the hatching of 173 spiderlings by mid-April.