Pyrgopolon ctenactis ( Mörch, 1863 ), Morch, 1863

Pyrgopolon ctenactis ( Mörch, 1863) View in CoL

( Figures 7 View FIGURE 7 , 13 View FIGURE 13 D)

Serpula (Sclerostyla) ctenactis Mörch, 1863: 386 View in CoL . Type locality: St. Thomas, Lesser Antilles.

Sclerostyla ctenactis .— Bush 1905: 224 ( type designation); Wrigley 1951: 184–185, fig. 38 (Octavia Bay, Pacific of Colombia); ten Hove 1973: 6–12, Figs 1–4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 , 7 View FIGURE 7 , 20–31, pls. 1, 3a–b, 3, 7 (revision of the genus); de León-González 1990, fig. 2 a–f ( Punta San Juanico and Cabo San Lorenzo, Baja California Sur; 27–30 m) ; de León-González et al. 1993: 879 (Puerto Escondido Bay, Baja California Sur, epifauna on the oyster “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ”; 30 m) ; Salazar-Vallejo & Londoño-Mesa 2004: 55 (Tropical Eastern Pacific, checklist).

Pyrgopolon ctenactis View in CoL .— Jäger 1993: 95 (new combination, synonymy of the genera Sclerostyla Mörch and Hepteris Regenhardt with Pyrgopolon View in CoL ); Bastida-Zavala 2008: 42, Figs 10 View FIGURE 10 A–D ( Baja California, Baja California Sur, Guerrero and Oaxaca; 6– 30 m); Bastida-Zavala 2009: 541, Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 V (identification key for Tropical America ); ten Hove & Kupriyanova 2009: 88 (worldwide serpulid checklist); Bastida-Zavala et al. 2013: 349 ( Oaxaca, checklist).

Material examined. Eleven specimens.

Oaxaca: UMAR-POLY 806, 11 spec. (La India Beach, Huatulco , on Spondylus calcifer [now S. limbatus ], December 3, 2005, coll. JHB).

Habitat. Subtidal ( 6–30 m, de León-González et al. 1993; Bastida-Zavala 2008); ten Hove (1973) recorded 13– 53 m. On the spiny oysters “ Spondylus princeps unicolor ” (de León-González et al. 1993) and S. limbatus .

Distribution. Amphi-American. Caribbean Sea; western coast of Baja California ( Guadalupe Island), western coast of Baja California Sur ( Cabo San Lázaro and Punta San Juanico), Gulf of California (Puerto Escondido), Mexican south Pacific (Acapulco, Puerto Escondido and Huatulco) and Pacific of Colombia (Octavia Bay) (ten Hove 1973; de León-González 1990; de León-González et al. 1993; Bastida-Zavala 2008). The record by Bastida- Zavala (2008) of the Pacific of Panamá is a mistake.

Remarks. Pyrgopolon ctenactis is recorded from a few localities in the Tropical Eastern Pacific. The Pacific population of this subtidal species might be a Pleistocene relict, the taxon was never reported from ship hulls, thus dispersion as fouling of ships is unlikely. However , a thorough review and comparison between Atlantic and Pacific populations is necessary, including a DNA analysis.