Thanmoia Ramme, 1941

Genus Thanmoia Ramme, 1941 View in CoL

Thanmoia Ramme, 1941: 120 View in CoL .

Annamacris Willemse, 1957: 479 View in CoL ( type species: Annamacris olivacea Willemse, 1957 View in CoL , by original designation.

Oxyacris Willemse, 1957: 480 View in CoL ( type species: Oxyacris maculata Willemse, 1957 View in CoL , by original designation.

Paratoacris Li & Jin, 1984: 197 View in CoL , 203. Syn. nov.

Thanmoia View in CoL – Willemse 1957: 483. — Hollis 1975: 207. — Otte 1995: 124. — Yin et al. 1996: 698. — Storozhenko 2022: 2–3. View Cited Treatment

Annamacris View in CoL – Hollis 1975: 207 (synonymization).

Oxyacris View in CoL – Hollis 1975: 207 (synonymization).

Paratoacris View in CoL – Zheng 1993: 75. — Otte 1995: 326. — Yin et al. 1996: 519. — Jiang & Zheng 1998: 81. — Li & Xia 2006: 52. — Zeng et al. 2021: 733.

Type species

Thanmoia gustavi Ramme, 1941 View in CoL , by monotypy.

Diagnosis

Body medium-sized. Head shorter than pronotum; fastigium of vertex rounded pentagonal in dorsal view, without median carinula, slightly inclined forwards in lateral view; interocular distance broad, about 1.8–2.0 × as wide as frontal ridge between antennal sockets. Frontal ridge distinct, longitudinally sulcate throughout, with margins almost parallel; face reclinate in profile view; lateral facial keels curved. Eyes large and oval. Antennae filiform, longer than head and pronotum combined. Pronotum rugose or almost smooth, crossed by three transverse furrows, with anterior margin almost straight and posterior margin triangularly rounded; prozona distinctly longer than metazona; median carina vestigial; lateral carina absent; prosternal process conical and slender, with subacute or rounded apex. Mesosternal lobes broad, subsquare or trapezoidal; mesosternal interspace longer than wide. Both tegmina and hind wings fully developed or somewhat shortened; parallel veinlets in radial and median areas of tegmen absent. Hind femora slender, both dorsal and ventral median carinae smooth; ventral genicular lobes of hind knee with distinct apical spine. Hind tibiae apically expanded, outer apical dorsal spine absent or rarely very small. Hind tarsi short, not longer than half of hind tibiae; third segment (excluding claws) as long as two others together; arolium large, reaching apex of claws. Male: tenth abdominal tergite with weak furculae; supra-anal plate triangular, with median basal impression; cerci conical; subgenital plate short. Female: supra-anal plate elongated, triangular, with median basal impression; cerci conical; subgenital plate with triangular pointed apex. Ovipositor long, elongated; dorsal valves dentate only at apical quarter; ventral valves straight and dentate along their full length. Male genitalia: epiphallus bridge-shaped, symmetrical; bridge completely divided; oval sclerite present; valves of cingulum short and almost straight, left and right cingular valves separate, not fused dorso-medially to form a valvular plate to cover apical penis valves dorsolaterally ( Fig. 4K View Fig ) like in Oxya hyla Serville, 1831 (the type species of the genus Oxya Serville, 1831 ; see Hollis 1971: figs 6–10) and similar in this aspect to O. chinensis (Thunberg, 1815) (see Hollis 1971: figs 193–196); apical valves of penis shorter than valves of cingulum; basal valves of penis connected with apical ones by unbroken flexure.

Distribution

China, Vietnam.

Remarks

The type species of the genera Thanmoia and Paratoacris are T. gustavi and P. reticulipennis , respectively. Since P. reticulipennis is transferred to the genus Thanmoia as a new combination (see the remark under T. reticulipennis ), the genus Paratoacris should accordingly be synonymized with Thanmoia according to Articles 23.1 and 23.3 of the Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999).

Composition

The genus consists of five species distributed in South China and Vietnam.

Key to the species of the genus Thanmoia Ramme, 1941 View in CoL

1. Hind tibia black ................................................................................................................................. 2

– Hind tibia bluish or red ..................................................................................................................... 3

2. Hind femur with an indistinct black band near the apex .................................................................... ..................................................................................... T. reticulipennis ( Li & Jin, 1984) View in CoL comb. nov.

– Hind femur with a distinct black band near the apex .................................. T. gustavi Ramme, 1941 View in CoL

3. Brachypterous, with tegmina and hind wings only reaching the fourth abdominal tergite; hind tibia and tarsus bluish or light bluish; hind femur without black band on outer surface ............................ ............................................................................................................. T. maculata ( Willemse, 1957) View in CoL

– Macropterous, with tegmina and hind wings reaching the apex of the seventh to ninth abdominal tergites; hind tibia and tarsus red; hind femur with black bands on outer surface ........................... 4

4. Hind femur with three black bands, outer surface with large black spot near the base; basal part of hind wing bluish; male cercus with shallow excision at apex .. T. ceracrifucosa Storozhenko, 1992 View in CoL

– Hind femur with two black bands, outer surface without black spot near the base in female, but with a small blackish spot near the base in male; basal part of hind wing hyaline; male cercus with obtuse apex .......................................................................................................... T. olivacea Willemse, 1957 View in CoL