Haplophyllum sahinii Tugay & Ulukuş, 2017

Haplophyllum sahinii Tugay & Ulukuş View in CoL sp. nov. ( Figs. 1−4 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 )

Diagnosis: Haplophyllum sahinii is close to H. vulcanicum Boiss. & Heldr. , but distinguished from it by its linear or linear-lanceolate bracts (not lanceolate or triangular), petals 6−8 × 3.5−4 mm (not 8−11 × 4−5 mm), acute apical appendages extending to form a conic or triangular shape along the outer surface of each segment on ovary (not smooth line or linear), with a prominent erect-apical acute appendages on each segment of capsule (not incurved-apical acute appendages).

Type: — TURKEY. C4 Konya; Çumra, between Apasaraycık-Apa village , rocky area, 1090 m, 37°22.482’N, 32°28.765’E, 18 June 2014, O.Tugay 9266 & D.Ulukuş, KNYA Herb. No: 26.908 (Holotype: KNYA GoogleMaps ; Isotype: ANK GoogleMaps , GAZI GoogleMaps ).

Description: —Perennial herbs, 8−18 cm; branched from the root-stock, with numerous erect stems and with or without steril basal shoots; stems simple, pale yellowish-green, with very shortly stipitate glandular hairs and scarcely shorter patent-flexuose white hairs, densely furnished with yellowish punctate glands. Leaves dense, usually overlapping, leaves in the middle of stem, 6−9 × 3−4 mm, acute, usually lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, the lower leaves much smaller and overlapping, all with a mixed indumentum similar to that of the stem, with numerous dark, punctate glands. Inflorescence usually dense, corymbose, 1−4 (−5) cm in diameter, with the characteristic mixed indumentum and numerous punctate glands. Bracts numerous, linear, or linear-lanceolate, 4−5 × 1−1.5 mm. Sepals deltoid-ovate, free, acute to acuminate, rather blunt, green, 2−2.5 × 1−1.5 mm, with long white hairs especially along the margins, with a few small glands visible only in transmitted light. Petals, usually obovate, clavate, claw 1−1.5 mm, glabrous, 6−8 × 3.5−4 mm creamy-yellow, glands numerous but very small. Filaments free, gradually attenuate from base to apex, narrowly expanded below, 2.5−3 mm, bearded with long white hairs below in the lower third to half, with a few small glands in the lower third; anthers creamy, oblong, 1.25−1.75 mm. Ovary segments 5, with long white hairs, with convex glands below and with long, acute apical appendages extending to conic shape or triangular along the outer surface of each segment, loculi biovulate; style glabrous, slender, 1.5−2 mm. Capsule 2.5−3 × 4−5 mm, densely white-villous, each segment with a prominent erect-apical acute appendage, the smaller glands below concealed in the indumentum; seeds reniform, black, 1.25−1.75 × 1−1.5 mm, with a few widely spaced longitudinal ridges and scarcely anastomosing ridges.

Paratypes: — TURKEY. C4 Konya: Çumra, Apasaraycık village , rocky area, 1080 m, 14 June 2002, O.Tugay 2658 ( KNYA) ; Çumra, between Apasaraycık-Apa village , rocky area, 1090 m, 37°22.451’N, 32°28.212’E, 01 June 2012, O.Tugay 7410 & D.Ulukuş ( KNYA) GoogleMaps ; Çumra, between Apasaraycık-Apa Village , rocky, 1080 m, 28 July 2013, O.Tugay 8516 & D.Ulukuş ( KNYA) .

Ecology: — Haplophyllum sahinii is endemic to Turkey. It grows at altitudes of ca. 1080–1100 m, on rocky outcrops. Plant diversity in this place is dominated by herbaceous and suffruticose plants, such as Adonis flammea Jacq. , Aegilops cylindrica Host , Ajuga bombycina Boiss. , Alkanna pseudotinctoria Hub. -Mor., Alyssum linifolium Steph. ex Willd. , Arenaria serpyllifolia L. subsp. serpyllifolia , Asphodeline rigidifolia (Boiss. & Heldr.) Baker , Astragalus mesogitanus Boiss. , Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M.Johnst., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Centaurea virgata Lam. , Colutea cilicica Boiss. & Balansa , Conringia clavata Boiss. , Consolida orientalis (Gay) Schröd. , Consolida stenocarpa (P.H.Davis & M.Hossain) P.H.Davis , Delphinium peregrinum L., Delphinium venulosum Boiss. , Dianthus zonatus Fenzl var. zonatus , Gagea granatellii (Parl.) Parl. , Glycyrrhiza echinata L., Haplophyllum myrtifolium Boiss. , Helianthemum salicifolium (L.) Mill., Holosteum umbellatum L. var. umbellatum , Lactuca viminea (L.) J.Presl & C.Presl, Lepidium perfoliatum L., Minuartia hamata (Hausskn.) Mattf. , Noaea mucronata (Forssk.) Aschers. & Schweinf. subsp. mucronata , Ornithogalum pyrenaicum L., Papaver argemone L. subsp. argemone , Papaver rhoeas L., Pennisetum orientale Rich. , Ranunculus argyreus Boiss. , Ranunculus damascenus Boiss. & Gaill. , Reseda lutea L. var. lutea , Scabiosa argentea L., Scirpoides holoschoenus (L.) Sojak subsp. holoschoenus , Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl , Stellaria media (L.) Vill., Teucrium polium L. subsp. polium , Tribulus terrestris L., Viola occulta Lehm. and Xeranthemum annuum L.

Phenology: —Flowering in June, fruiting from July to August.

Etymology:—The name of this new species is given in honour of the Rectorate of Selçuk University, Prof. Dr. Mustafa Şahin, who is a real nature lover.

Proposed Turkish name for the new species: —Şahin sedosu.

Distribution and Conservation Status: — H. sahinii is endemic to the Konya province, Central Anatolia ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). The range of this new species is limited to a single localition and its area of occupancy is estimated to be less than 5 km. The number of mature individual plants is less than 250: therefore, according to criterion D, it can be included in the EN (Endangered) category ( IUCN 2001, 2016).

Seed morphology— In this study, we investigated seed features of two species ( H. sahinii and H. vulcanicum ) for the first time ( Table 1 View TABLE 1 ). Both of the species have reniform seed types. The seed size of H. sahinii is 1.30–1.75 × 1.2–1.46 and the range of the L/W ratio is 1.08 ± 0.03. It has narrowly spaced, generally anastomosing ridges or reticulate sculpturing. The spaces of each reticulate ridges aren’t striae in detailed view ( Fig. 5a,b View FIGURE 5 ). On the other hand the seed size of H. vulcanicum is 1.87–2.37 × 1.15–1.76 and the range of the L/W ratio is 1.32 ± 0.06. It has widely spaced longitudinal ridges and scarcely anastomosing ridges. The spaces of each reticulate ridges is clearly striae in detailed view ( Fig. 5c,d View FIGURE 5 ).

Pollen morphology— Pollen grains of H. sahinii are tricolporate, radially symmetrical and isopolar. Their shape is oblate-spheroidal to suboblate ( Fig. 6a, b View FIGURE 6 ). Pollen dimensions are: polar axis (P) 39.15 ± 2.02 μm (mean ± standard deviation), equatorial axis (E) 43.44 ± 1.70 μm, the exine thickness 0.85 ± 0.11 μm, and the intine thickness 0.82 ± 0.27 μm. The ratio of P/E is 0.90−0.93. Exine sculpturing pattern is striate or striate-microreticulate. Pollen of H. vulcanicum has already been described in Ulukuş et al. (2016).

Discussion:— H. sahinii and H. vulcanicum are similar, and share dense, minutely stipitate glands on stems and inflorescence branches. For this character they can be separated from all other Haplophyllum species growing in Turkey. H. sahinii differs from H. vulcanicum by having stems with scarcely shorter patent-flexuose white hairs, and by having leaves size 6–9 × 3–4 mm (not 9–14 × 6–9 mm). The longer anthers are 1.25−1.75 mm in H. sahinii , 2−2.5 mm in H. vulcanicum ( Table 2 View TABLE 2 ).

Seed morphology showed clear differences between the studied species: H. sahinii has not a striate sculpturing pattern on the seed surface, while H. vulcanicum has striate sculpturing in detailed view ( Fig. 5b,d View FIGURE 5 ).

As for the palynological results, there are no clear differences between the two studied species: both of them have striate-perforate (rarely striate) exine sculpturing pattern ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 ).