Sisyrnodytes sericeus Oldroyd, 1974

Sisyrnodytes sericeus Oldroyd, 1974 View in CoL

In reviewing the Afrotropical Sisyrnodytes species, Londt (2009) transferred sericeus View in CoL to Acnephalum View in CoL . During the present study it became evident that Oldroyd’s species is synonymous with andrenoides . Oldroyd’s holotype, in excellent condition, was studied and compared with the andrenoides lectotype. Although smaller, it is almost identical, and only the slight differences recorded below were noted.

Head: Antenna: Scape, pedicel and distal half of style orange-brown, postpedicel and proximal half of style dark red-brown. Segmental ratios 1.0:0.9:3.0:0.2:1.5. Thorax: Scutellum with c. 8 apical macrosetae. Legs: Ventral parts of tib dark red-brown. Haltere brown-yellow. Wing: 5.2× 2.2 mm. Veins orange, staining of membrane confined to proximal half. Vein R 4 with quite short basal stump-vein. Abdomen: Genitalia not dissected (but sufficiently exposed to allow shape of hypd to be adequately appreciated).

Holotype: SOUTH AFRICA: ♂ ‘ Gamtoos Valley Bush / Hankey [33°50'S: 24°53'E] area / 5.12.67 3324DA / B&P Stuckenberg’, ‘ Sisyrnodytes / sericeus sp. n. / det. H. Oldroyd 1971 / Holotype’ [white] ( NMSA). GoogleMaps

Variation and sexual dimorphism: A. andrenoides is a highly variable species that also displays some sexual dimorphism. There is, for example, a considerable range in size, and, although all specimens were not measured, males ranged in wing length between 4.3–10.4 mm while females had a similar range of between 4.3–10.3 mm. Both sexes show variation in setal and wing membrane coloration. While most specimens are predominantly white setose, specimens may range in colour to the extent that some are predominantly black setose. Males frequently have well developed abdominal fringes (long laterally situated tergal setae), but there are examples with relatively poorly developed fringes. Although the wings of males are generally more darkly stained than those of females, the extent of staining is variable in both sexes. Male wing membranes may range from being entirely dark brown stained to being pale brown stained proximally and largely unstained distally. Females never have entirely brown-stained wings, but resemble males with predominantly unstained wings.

Type locality: The type specimens of A. andrenoides are merely labelled ‘ Capland Krebs S. ’ and it is not known exactly where Krebs collected them. Now that the distribution of the species is well understood I designate an area 18 km N Sutherland (32°15'S: 20°43'E) as type locality. This area   GoogleMaps is where the road between Sutherland and Williston crosses the Renoster River. This place is selected for two reasons – specimens similar to the types have been collected there, and the locality is central with respect to the known range.

Additional material examined: NAMIBIA: 4♂ 3♀ 8 km N Lüderitz: Agate Beach , 2615CA, 31.viii.1983, Stuckenberg & Londt, arid vegetated dunes ( NMSA) ; 4♂ 6♀ 3 km E Lüderitz: Golf Club , 2615CA, 31.viii.1983, Londt & Stuckenberg, arid rocky slopes ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 3♀ 10 km W Aus , 2616CA, 30. viii.1983, Londt & Stuckenberg, sparse grassland small woody plants ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 5 km E of Aus , 2616CB, 30.viii.1983, Londt & Stuckenberg, open veld with low green grass & shrubs ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Lüderitz, Grossebucht , 26°43'S: 15°07'E, 7.ix.2005, Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ 72 km S Aus , 2716AB, 1.ix.1983, Stuckenberg & Londt, broken veld in dry river bed open area ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Klinghardt Mts [27°20'S: 15°45'E], 26 x.1977, Whitehead ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Klinghartsberge , 5.ix.1980, Whitehead ( SAMC) ; 2♂ 5♀ Chamnaub , 27°43'S: 16°05'E, 28.viii.2002, Gess, on ground ( AMGS) GoogleMaps . SOUTH AFRICA: 1♂ Rustenburg [25°40'S: 27°15'E], 4 x.69 ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Vryburg [26°57'S: 24°44'E], Griqualand West, x.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 15♀ 40 km S Ochta Mine, Richtersveld , 2816BD, 2.ix.1983, Londt & Stuckenberg, mixed Karoo bush with few flowers ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Richtersveld , 1 km E Grootderm, 2816DA, 2.ix.1983, Londt & Stuckenberg, Foot of small hill ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 3♀ Richtersveld N Park, 1.5 km from Helskloof gate, 28°18'S: 16°57'E, 8.ix.1996, Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ 16 km S Senderlingsdrif , 28°18'53"S: 16°56'06"E, 27. viii.2002, Londt, 390 m, rocky hillside ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ 25 km S Senderlingsdrif , 28°22'27"S: 16°54'58"E, 27.viii.2002, Londt, 210 m, sandy drainage ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1 km N Kuboes, Richtersveld , 28°25'30"S: 16°59'30"E, 1.ix.1989, Londt, Stuckenberg & Croeser, 200 m, rocky E slope Euphorbia scrub ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 6 km W Kuboes, Richtersveld , 28°27'00"S: 16°58'30"E, 1.ix.1989, Stuckenberg, Londt & Croeser, sandy area with succulents ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Kimberley [28°44'S: 24°46'E], x.1913, Power ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Bushmanld [Bushmanland] Jackals Water [29°03'S: 17°54'E], x.1911, Lightfoot ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 9 km S Lekkersing, Richtersveld , 29°03'30"S: 17°07'30"E, 2.ix.1989, Londt, Stuckenberg & Croeser, 300 m, Karragab kloof rocky area ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ 18 km S Lekkersing, Richtersveld , 29°07'00"S: 17°08'00"E, 2.ix.1989, Londt, Stuckenberg & Croeser, 200 m, arid scrub succulents ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Klipfontein [29°13'S: 17°40'E], Peringuey ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ nr Klipfontein , 28 x.1967, Jacot­Guillarmod ( AMGS) ; 1♂ Steinkop, Anenous Flats [29°14'S: 17°37'E], 14.ix.1992, Manning ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 8♀ 50 km NE Grootderm, Richtersveld , 29°19'00"S: 16°55'00"E, 3.ix.1989, Londt & Stuckenberg, 350 m, sandy valley below a rocky hillside ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Kenhart [29°21'S: 21°09'E] area, x.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 2♀ O’okiep [29°36'S: 17°52'E], 4 x.1885 (2♀), 18 xi.1885 (1♂), 19 xi.1886 GoogleMaps ( 1♂] LP [Peringuey] ( SAMC) ; 1♀ O’okiep, ix.1890, Lightfoot ( ZSMC) ; 1♀ P Maritzburg [Pietermaritzburg, 29°37'S: 30°23'E], i.1940, Lawrence ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ ‘ Springbok [29°40'S: 17°53'E], x.1951 ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Naib or Bushmanland, Btw [between] Springbok [29°40'S: 17°53'E] & Pella, x.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Hester Malan N R [now Goegap Nat. Res., 29°40'S: 18°00'E], 26.ix & 14 x.1987 1987, Stuck ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1?, Spectakel [29°42'S: 17°38'E], 12. xi.1885 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 11 mi [c. 18 km] NNE Hondeklipbaai , 3017AB, 8.ix.1972, Irwin, 200 ft [c. 60 m], reddish sand shrubs ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Hondeklipbaai , 3017AD, 8.ix.1972, Irwin, coastal dunes ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 12 km W Soutfontein , 3017DA, 4.ix.1981, Londt, Schoeman & Stuckenberg, Succulent Karoo ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Garies , 3017DB, 9.ix.1972, Irwin, 640 ft [c. 195 m] ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 2♀ 10 km E Garies , 3017DB, 3.ix.1981, Londt, Schoeman & Stuckenberg, Succulent Karoo ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 4♀ 10 km W Garies , 3018CA, 3.ix.1981, Londt, Schoeman & Stuckenberg, Broken veld ( NMSA) ; 2♀ Bowesdorp [30°09'S: 17°18'E], xi.1931, Museum Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Kamieskroon [30°12'S: 17°56'E], ix.1936 (1♂ 1♀), xi.1936 (2♂ 1♀), Museum Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Btw Kamieskroon & Springbok, x.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) ; 1♂ Smithfield [30°13'S: 26°32'E], 1909, Kannemeyer ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 4♀ Wallekraal [30°24'S: 17°31'E], Namaqualand, x.1950, Mus. Expd. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 50 km NE Colesberg , 30°31'S: 25°33'E, 28 x.1991, Londt, 1400 m, grass rocky outcrops ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Garies [30°33'S: 17°59'E], 28 xii.1885, LP [Peringuey] ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 3♀ 9 km S Garies [30°33'S: 17°59'E], x.1967, Gess ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 20♂ 5♀ Klip Vlei, Garies [30°33'S: 17°59'E], xi.1931, Museum Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Outiep, Garies [30°33'S: 17°59'E], ix.1935, du Toit ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 1♀ Norval’s Pont [Norvalspont, 30°38'S: 25°27'E], 16.ix.1959, Greathead ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Caledon R. Bet. [between] Bethulie­Aliwal North [30°42'S: 26°42'E], x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 11♂ 9♀ Colesberg [30°44'S: 25°06'E], x.1935 (1♂ 1♀), xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 13♀ 1?, Venterstad [30°47'S: 25°48'E] Region, x.1935 (4♂ 12♀), xi.1935 GoogleMaps ( 1♀ 1?], Mus. Staff ( SAMC) ; 11♂ 9♀ 1?, Van Schalkwyks Kraal [30°52'S: 25°52'E], Venterstad Div [Division], x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 30 km S Colesberg , 30°53'S: 24°50'E, 28 x.1991, Londt, 1400 m, open area flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ 17 m [miles, c. 27 km] S Loeriesfontein [30°58'S: 19°27'E], ix.1961, S.A.M. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 1♀ 1?, Dreunberg [30°58'S: 26°23'E], Burghersdorp, Albert Dist. , xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 8♂ 9♀ Burghersdorp [30°59'S: 26°19'E], xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Burghersdorp [30°59'S: 26°19'E], Albert Dist. , x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 11♂ 7♀ Albert Dist., Btw [between] Burghersdorp [30°59'S: 26°19'E] & Nooitgedacht, x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 3♀ 45 km N Vanrhynsdorp , 3118BA , 4.ix.1981, Londt, Schoeman & Stuckenberg, Succulent Karoo ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 5♀ Knersvlakte , 3118BC, 2.ix.1981, Londt & Stuckenberg, rocky hillside veget Succulent Karoo ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 3♀ 7 mi [c. 11 km] N Vanrhynsdorp , 3118BC, 10.ix.1972, Irwin, 400 ft [c. 120 m], red dunes ( NMSA) ; 4♀ Hantamsberg summit, 3119BD, 15 xi.1986, Quickelberge & Londt, 1600 m, rocky macchia ( NMSA) ; 1♀ 17 km NW Touwsrivier , 3319BD, 20.xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 900 m, sand and tall bush military area ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Hantamsberg , 3119BD, 23 x.1986, Schoeman ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Worcester , 3319CB, 11.ix.1981, Londt, Schoeman & Stuckenberg, near dam Karroid Broken Veld ( NMSA) ; 1♂ Top of Botterkloof Pass , 3119CD, 13.ix.1972, Irwin, 2230 ft [c. 680 m], white sand dune assoc ( NMSA) ; 1♀ 10 km W Williston , 3120BD, 15 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1060 m, sand Acacias ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 40 km SE Calvinia, Middelpod Rd , 3120CA, 17 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1240 m, dry woody scrubland ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 3♀ 56 km N Beaufort West ( Loxton Rd ), 3122CD, 13 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1520 m, flat Karoo scrubland ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 1♀ Bitterf [Bitterfontein, 31°02'S: 18°16'E], x.1885 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 33 km NE Nieuwoudtville, 1 km W Gannabos [31°14'S: 19°15'E], 17. ix.2002, Barkemeyer ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Knersvlakte [31°15'S: 18°45'E], x.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 3♀ Knersvlakte , ix.1941, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) ; 1♂ 4♀ Knersvlakte , x.1950, Mus Expd ( SAMC) ; 1♂ Nieuwoudtville, Brandkop [31°15'S: 19°11'E], ix.1941, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 5 km N Nuwerus , 31°06'S: 18°20'E, 28.viii.1995, Londt, 390 m, rocky hilltop vegetation ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 4♀ Knersvlakte [31°15'S: 18°45'E] North of Van Rhynsdorp , 6–9 x.1964, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 7♂ 7♀ Steynsburg [31°20'S: 25°50'E] Div., x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ Hantamsberg summit, 31°20'27"S: 19°48'55"E, 6 xi.2002, Londt, 1500 m, thick montane veget on pass to mast ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Hantamsberg summit, 31°20'57"S: 19°48'17"E, 6 xi.2002, Londt, 1590 m, Karoo scrub nr dams rocky area ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ Van Rhyn’s pass [31°23'S: 19°00'E], 4–5 xi.1933, van Son ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Top of Van Rhyns Pass , 19 xi, JO [Ogilvie] ( AMNH) ; 1♀ Foot of Van Rhyns Pass , 21 xi, WPC [Cockerell] ( AMNH) ; 1♀ Nieuwoudtville [31°23'S: 19°06'E], 19 xi, Macgregor ( AMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Nieuwoudtville , 19.xi, LO [Ogilvie] ( AMNH) ; 2♂ 2♀ Melton Wold, Nieuweveld, Victoria W [Victoria West, 31°24'S: 23°07'E], x.1935, Museum Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Victoria West , 14 x.1966, SAM ( SAMC) ; 2♂ 4♀ Richmond Dist. [31°25'S: 23°56'E], xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 3♀ Olifants River [31°27'S: 18°32'E] bet. [between] Citrusdal & Clanwilliam ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Olifants River [31°27'S: 18°32'E] betw [between] Klawer & Clanwilliam ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Middelburg [31°29'S: 25°01'E], xii.1959, Kruger ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Middelburg , 20 xi.1959, Greathead ( BMNH) ; 3♂ 4♀ Middelburg Div , x.1935 (1♂), xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) ; 1♀ Namaqualand, Dutoitsbaai [31°30'S: 18°03'E], 27 xi.1976, Whitehead ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 2♀ Van Rhyn’sdorp [ Vanrhynsdorp , 31°37'S: 18°44'E], 6–8 xi.1933, van Son ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 5♀ v. Rhynsdorp [ Vanrhynsdorp ], viii.1927, Brauns ( NMSA) ; 1♂ v Rhynsdorp [Vanrhynsdorp], vii–viii.1927, van Son ( NMSA) ; 3♂ 1♀ Augusfontein ( Calvinia ) [Augustfontein, 31°37'S: 19°22'E], ix.1947, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 3♀ 14 km N Strandfontein , 31°38'S: 18°15'E, 29.viii.1995, Londt, 120 m, red ground flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 7♂ 7♀ 27 km S Calvinia, Kieskieberge , 31°40.00'S: 19°48.84'E, 15 xi.2008, Londt, 1270 m, rocky area tall fynbos near stream ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Kruidfontein, 40 km S Williston, 31°40'06"S: 20°51'30"E, 11 xi.1998, Londt, 1110 m, Leendertsrivier area ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 23 km N Middelpos, 31°44'S: 20°14'E, 29 xi.1990, Whittington & Londt, 1170 m, at Kookfontein River ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ 1 km S Strandfontein , 31°46'00"S: 18°14'00"E, 5.ix.1989, Londt, Stuckenberg & Croeser, shallow valley scrub succulents & macchia ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Gifberg Pass 21 km S Vanrhynsdorp, 31°46'12"S: 18°45'59"E, 8. xi.2002, Londt, 540 m, montane macchia ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Gifberg 23 km S Vanrhynsdorp, 31°47'S: 18°46'E, 2–4 xi.1991, Londt, 600 m, flat summit ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 5 km S Doringbaai , 31°51'S: 18°16'E, 29.viii.1995, Londt, 90 m, red ground flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Nieu Bethesda village , 31°52'S: 24°33'E, 11 x.1996, Londt, 1290 m, bush along dry river ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 1♀ Longhill Nature Res , 5 km N Queenstown, 31°52'S: 26°53'E, 3 xii.1989, Londt, 1350 m, Acacia savannah ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Queenstown , [31°54'S: 26°53'E], 20.viii.1962, Busse ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Clanwilliam Nardouw [31°55'S: 18°45'E], ix.1941, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 2 km SW Middelpos , 31°55'25"S: 20°13'11"E, 4 xi.2002, Londt, 1200 m, Karoo scrub ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Mw [?] Kloof, Fraserburg [31°55'S: 21°31'E], xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 3♀ Graaff­Reinet, Wapadsberg Pass [31°56'S: 24°55'E], 23 xii.1973, Whitehead, 4200' [c. 1280 m] ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 11♀ Murraysburg [31°57'S: 23°46'E] Dist., xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 4.5 mi [c. 7 km] S Elandsbaai, 3218AD, 17.ix.1972, Irwin, 50 ft [c. 15 m], coastal sand plain ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 2.5 mi [c. 4 km] S Elandsbaai, 3218AD, 16.ix.1972, Irwin, 30 ft [c. 9 m], coastal sand dunes ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 2♀ 32 km NE Clanwilliam, Brandewyn R., 3219AA, 2–3 x.1977, Miller ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 2 mi [c. 3 km] NNE Pakhuis Farm, Pakhuis Mts , 3219AA, 14.ix.1972, Irwin, 1800 ft [c. 550 m] ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Swartkop 31 km NW Sutherland, 3220BA, 18–19 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1600 m, rocks woody macchia ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ 10 km S Sutherland, Swaarweerberg , 3220BC, 19.xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1600 m, rocks woody macchia ( NMSA) ; 8♂ 11♀ Moordenaars Karoo, Swanepoel [3220DD], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) ; 1♂ 2♀ Molteno Pass 35 km NW Beaufort West, 3222AB, 11 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1500 m, low hilltop macchia ( NMSA) ; 1♂ Karoo National Park , 15 km N Beaufort West, 3222AB, 12 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, dry Acacia woodland ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 4♀ Klein­Vis Riv , 32 km NW Somerset East, 3225CB, 28 x.1978, Miller & Londt, river bank ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Kommandodrifdam , 45 km E Cradock, 3226AA, 28 x.1978, Miller & Londt, river below dam wall ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Roggeveld between Sutherland–Middelpos , 32°S 20°E, 14 xi.1987, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 9♂ 9♀ Bulhoek [32°01'S: 18°47'E], Klaver – Clanw [between Klawer & Clanwilliam]., x.1950, Mus. Expd. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Bulshoek [Bulhoek] Clw [Clanwilliam], xii.1956, SAM ( SAMC) ; 1♂ 1♀ 23 km SE Middelpos , 32°01'S: 20°25'E, 5 xi.1991, Londt, 1100 m, Visrivier Brandekraal ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 3♀ 63 km N Sutherland , 32°01'12"S: 20°22'50"E, 9 xi.1998, Londt, 1080 m, dry rocky valley ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 5♀ Doornplaats farm 35 km NW Graaff­Reinet, 32°02'33"S: 24°17'38"E, 27 x.2004, Londt, 1285 m, rocks & Acacia (NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Cederberg Mts, Travelers Rest , 21.5 km ENE Clanwilliam, 32°04'45'S: 19°05'00"E, 14 xi.1996, Irwin, 400 m, Branywine River bed ( NMSA) ; 2♂ 1♀ Biedouw Valley , 32°06'S: 19°14'E, 1–12. ii.1991, Picker, 350m, Succulent Karoo ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Biedouw valley Clanwilliam District, 32°06'S: 19°19'E, 22 xii.1987, Picker ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Biedou Valley , 32°06'00"S: 19°19'00"E, 6.ix.1989, Londt, Stuckenberg & Croeser, 300 m, rocky gentle N slope scrub & wild flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Onder­vis­rivier 50 km N Sutherland , 32°06'59"S: 20°23'02"E, 9 xi.1998, Londt, 1320 m, dry river valley ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Tankwa Karoo, Renoster Riv [32°07'S: 20°07'E], xi.1952, Mus. Expd. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Jakkals R [ River 32°08'S: 18°30'E], 5.x.1967, Gess, Strandveld ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 1♀ Pakhuis Pass [32°08'S: 19°00'E], 17–19 x.1964, Stuckenberg, 950 m ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 2♀ Clanwilliam Dist Biedouw Valley , 32°08'S: 19°14'E, 5–7.ix.1987, Mansell ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Biedouw Valley [32°08'S: 19°14'E], 24.ix.1989, Picker & Leon ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Graafwater [32°09'S: 18°36'E], x.1947, Mus. Exp. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Pakhuis Pass [32°09'S: 19°02'E], Clanwilliam , ix.1942, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Pakhuis Pass [32°09'S: 19°02'E], xi.1961, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ East of Pakhuis Pass [32°09'S: 19°02'E], ix.1947, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 4♀ Thee Kloof [Teekloof 32°10'S: 21°37'E], Fraserburg Div., xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Nieuwveldt [32°10'S: 22°20'E], Beaufort W [West] Dist , xi.1935, Museum Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 7♀ 3 km E Cradock , 32°10'02"S: 25°40'09"E, 29 x.2004, Londt, 956 m, Acacia scrubland with many wild flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Clan William [Clanwilliam, 32°11'S: 18°54'E], ix.1928, Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 3♀ 31 km N Sutherland , 32°11'S: 20°36'E, 6 xi.1991, Londt, 1600 m, Besemgoedkop and area ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 3♀ Cradock [32°11'S: 25°37'E], 18. ix.1959, Greathead ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 4♀ Klipkraal, Cradock Dist. [32°11'S: 25°37'E], x.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 6♂ Besemgoedkop 31 km N Sutherland, 32°11.34'S: 20°36.08'E, 19 xi.2008, Londt, 1600 m, Karoo scrub stony ground ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 5♀ Excelsior farm Graaff­Reinet district , 32°11'16"S: 24°49'01"E, 28 x.2004, Londt, 1408 m, rocky slope Rhus sp ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 4♀ Besemgoedkop 31 km N Sutherland, 32°11'21"S: 20°36'03"E, 8 xi.1998, Londt, 1670 m, rocky ridge Macchia ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Molteno Pass nr Beaufort West , 32°12'S: 22°33'E, 14 xii.1988, Eardley ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 8♀ Klipdrift farm 35 km SW Graaff­Reinet, 32°12'27"S: 24°20'27"E, 27 x.2004, Londt, 900 m, Acacia pastureland ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 4♀ Leipoldville [32°13'S: 18°29'E], Eland’s Bay , xi.1948, Mus. Exp. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Karoo Nature Reserve West of Graaff­Reinet , 32°13'S: 24°29'E, Londt, 850 m, 8 xii.1989, Scrub Winterhoek Rd ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Graaff­Reinet, Karoo Nature Reserve , 32°14'43"S: 24°29'28"E, 26 x.2004, Londt, 1040 m, rocky Acacia slopes ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 8♀ Renoster River area 18 km N Sutherland, 32°15'S: 20°43'E, 5 xi.1991, Londt, 1300 m ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 4♀ same area, 32°15'10"S: 20°41'39"E, 7 xi.1998, Londt, 1290 m, Karoo macchia ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ same area, 32°15.21'S: 20°41.67'E, 19–20.xi.2008, Londt, 1320 m, rocky ridge stream edge ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ same area, 32°16'S: 20°41'E, 26 xi.1990, Londt & Whittington, 1350 m ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Graaff­Reinet Urquhart Caravan Park , 32°14'16"S: 24°31'42"E, 26–28 x.2004, Londt, 760 m, succulent rocky slopes ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ same locality, 32°15'S: 24°33'E, 4–6 xii.1988, Londt, riverine veget sandy ground ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ 7 km N Beaufort West , 32°16'S: 22°34'E, 28 x.1991, Londt, 1000 m, Bottom Molteno Pass ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ [now defective], Graaf­Reinet [32°17'S: 24°28'E], 24–27 x.1931, Ogilvie ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ Graaf­Reinet , 19 xi.1959, Greathead ( BMNH) ; 1♀ Clanwilliam District , 32°20'20"S: 18°40'E, 8–13 x.1987, Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Beaufort West [32°21'S: 22°35'E], Karoo Nat Prk [National Park], 24 xi.1985, Whitehead ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 1♀ 15 km E Sutherland , 32°23'S: 20°48'E, 26 xi.1990, Whittington & Londt, 1600 m, valley nr Observatory ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 9♀ Touws R., Ouberg Pass [32°24'S: 20°20'E], xii.1962, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Bottom Ouberg Pass , 54 km SE Sutherland, 32°24.07'S: 20°17.63'E, 21 xi.2008, Londt, 640 m, succulents low bushes ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Top Ouberg Pass , 46 km SE Sutherland, 32°24.56'S: 20°21.39'E, 21 xi.2008, Londt, 1380 m, rocky ridge Karoo scrub ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 17♂ 16♀ Paleisheuvel [32°28'S: 18°43'E], xi.1948, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Aberdeen [32°29'S: 24°05'E], xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Tankwa Karoo [c. 32°30'S: 19°45'E], i.1948 (1♀), i.1949 GoogleMaps ( 1♂], Zinn & Hesse ( SAMC) ; 1♂ Tankwa Karoo, Kleinbrak , xi.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) ; 2♂ Mitchell’s Pass [32°33'S: 26°53'E], nr Ceres, 100 mi [c. 160 km] from Cape Town , 1–5. xii.1930, Simmonds ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ Bushmans Riv, Letjiesbosch [32°34'S: 22°16'E], xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 8 mi [c. 13 km] N Citrusdal [32°35'S: 19°01'E], ix.1961, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 9♂ 10♀ Citrusdal Dist. , xi.1948, Mus Exp ( SAMC) ; 3♂ 4 miles [c. 6 km] E Citrusdal , x.1969, SA Museum Expedition ( SAMC) ; 6♂ 4♀ Tankwa Karoo, Waterval [32°35'S: 20°18'E], xi.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Het Kruis [32°36'S: 18°45'E], x.1947, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Koornplanskloof , 10 km S Citrusdal, 32°40'S: 19°01'E, 4–8 x.1994, Danielssen, 200–270 m ( MZLU) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Merweville [32°40'S: 21°31'E] dist, ii.1941, Zinn ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 1♀ Bosberg Nature Res 3 km N Somerset East, 32°42'S: 26°33'E, 5 xii.1989, Londt, 850 m, mixed woodland ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 4♀ Somerset East [32°43'S: 25°35'E], x.1930 (1♀), xi.1930 (1♂ 2♀), 25–30 xi.1930 (1♀), Turner ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ Klein Visrivier , c. 10 km W Somerset East, 32°44'S: 25°30'E, 6 xii.1989, Londt, 800 m, rocky ridge & stream ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 10♂ 7♀ Lammerskraal [32°49'S: 22°15'E], Prince Albert Dist. , ix.1947, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ c. 30 km S Kagga Kamma, Nature Reserve , 32°52.91'S: 19°44.29'E, 21 xi.2008, Londt, 570 m, Acacias Aloes streambed ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 36♂ 33♀ Dikbome [32°54'S: 21°22'E], Merweville, x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 8♂ 17♀ Moordenaars Karoo, Lammerfontein [32°58'S: 20°49'E], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ 14 mi [c. 22 km] SE Langebaan, 3318AA, 18.ix.1972, Irwin, 200 ft [c. 60 m], coastal dunes sandy plain ( NMSA) ; 7♂ 6♀ Gydo Myn 24 km NE P Alfred Ham [Prince Alfred Hamlet], 3319AB, 21 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1150 m, rocky area Proteas ( NMSA) ; 1♀ 5 km W Robertson , 3319DD, 26.ix.1979, Londt, stony slopes with woody veget ( NMSA) ; 1♀ 18 km NE Touwsrivier, Jan de Boers , 3320AC, 20 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1000 m, rocky area nr fields ( NMSA) ; 6♂ 6♀ 20 km SE Ashton , 3320CC, 25.ix.1979, Londt, stony hillside with woody vegetation ( NMSA) ; 4♂ 6♀ Montagu , hillside SE of town, 3320CC, 25.ix.1979, Londt ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Swartberg Pass Gamka Rd , 3321BD, 10 xi.1986, Quickelberge & Londt, N slope rocky area ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 6 km S Prince Albert , 3322AA, 10 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 780 m, sand Acacias ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Swartberg Pass , 3322AC, 10 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, 1250 m, N slope Proteas ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 15 km SE Oudtshoorn , 3322CB, 9 xi.1986, Londt & Quickelberge, macchia/rocky hill ( NMSA) ; 15♂ 15♀ 9 km SW Willowmore , 3323AD, 30–31 x.1978, Londt & Miller, open Karoo scrub ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1 km NE Uniondale , 3323CA, 31.x.1978, Miller & Londt, rocky hillside scrub ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Gamtoos Valley Bush, Hankey area , 3324DA, 5 xii.1967, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) ; 4♂ 2♀ Elandsberg Mts South Cockscomb Peak, Patensie area , 3424DB [actually 3324DB], 1 xii.1967, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) ; 1♀ Otterford Forerstry Reserve, Hankey area , 3325CC, 1–10 xii.1967, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) ; 14♂ 7♀ 15 km SE Kirkwood , 3325DA, 4 xi.1978, Miller & Londt, open bushveld scrub ( NMSA) ; 4♂ Louterwater , 3323DC, 13 xii.1979, Londt & Stuckenberg, grass & hillside macchia ( NMSA) ; 3♀ Willowmore [33°17'S: 23°29'E], Brauns ( ZSMC) GoogleMaps ; 23♂ 10♀ Koop Siding, Laingsburg [33°00'S: 21°00'E], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 6♀ Hopefield [33°04'S: 18°21'E], ix.1960, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Double Drift, Andres Oslo Kudu Res , 33°06'S: 26°47'E, 14 xii.1988, Weaving ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Koop Siding [33°07'S: 21°16'E], xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 17♂ 22♀ Grahamstown, Vacate [33°09'S: 26°19'E], 21 x (4♂ 3♀), 16 xi (3♂ 4♀), 22 xi (7♂ 14♀), 27 xi (1♂ 1♀), 30.xi.1981 (2♂), Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Prince Albert Dist., Tier berg ( Study site), 33°10'S: 22°16'24"E, 26 xi.–5 xii.1987, Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ De Ere 10 km NE Gydo Pass , 33°10'S: 19°23'E, 21 xi.1984, Eardley ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 4♀ Resolution [33°10'S: 25°37'E], 17 x.1927 (1♂ 1♀), 21.x.1927 (1♀), 22 x.1927 (1♂), 26 x.1927 (1♀), 7 xi.1927 (1♂), 12 xi.1927 (1♀), 17 xi.1928 (1♀), Walton ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Resolution [33°10'S: 25°37'E], x–xi.1928, Walton ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 2 km E Alicedale , 33°19'07"S: 26°06'12"E, 23.x.2004, Londt, 310 m, dry rocky hillside with succulent vegetation ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ 6 km E Alicedale, 33°10'S: 26°07'E, 21 xi.1990, Whittington & Londt, 600 m, New Years Dam area ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Grahamstown, Hell Port [Heliport, 33°11'S: 26°21'E], 13 xi.1958, Jacot­Guillarmod ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Laingsburg [33°12'S: 20°51'E], xi.1910, Lightfoot ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 7♀ 15 km NW Grahamstown , 33°12'S: 26°24'E, 20 xi.1990, Whittington & Londt, 500 m, Clifton farm hillside ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 4♀ Matjesfontein [Matjiesfontein, 33°13'S: 20°35'E], 6–15 x.1928 (1♂), 16–21 x.1928 (1♀), 1–6 xi.1928 (1♀), 1–18.xii.1928 (1♂ 1♀), 19–31 xii.1928 (1♀), Turner ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 11♂ 10♀ 7–10 mi [c. 14 km] SW Matjiesfontein , 15.x.1966, SAM ( SAMC) ; 4♂ Prince Albert Rd [33°13'S: 22°03'E], xi.1931, Turner ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Prince Albert , 26.ix.1927, AcUS [?] ( NMSA) ; 2♂ Prince Albert Rd Stn [Station, 33°13'S: 22°03'E], vii.1945, Hesse ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Swartebergen, Prince Albert Div [33°13'S: 22°03'E], xi.1935, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ 1?, Zwartberg Pass , P Albert Div, xi.1929, Barnard, 5000–6000 ft ( SAMC) ; 4♂ 8♀ Klaarstroom, Prince Albert , x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) ; 1♂ Lammerskraal, Prince Albert Distr. , ix.1947, Mus. Exp ( SAMC) ; 2♂ 1♀ Ecca Pass Nature Res , 20 km NE Grahamstown, 33°13'07"S: 26°37'38"E, 21 x.2004, Londt, 475 m, N slope thicket ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 5 km S Laingsburg, 33°14'S: 20°52'E, 25 xi.1990, Londt & Whittington, 700 m, banks Buffels River ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ nr Grahamstown, Penrock [Penn Rock, 33°14'S: 26°34'E], 1 xi.1924, Whitworth ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ Klein Winterhoekberge 43 km SE Jansenville, 33°14'38"S: 24°50'15"E, 25 x.2004, Londt, 724 m, dry rocky hillside ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 32 km E Willowmore , 33°15'S: 23°48'E, 22 xi.1990, Whittington & Londt, 650 m, dry scrub road margin ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ Grahamstown, Hilton , [33°15'S: 26°21'E], 6 xii.1964 (1♀) 29 xi.1966 (1♀), Jacot­Guillarmod ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ Grahamstown, Hilton , 6 xii.1964 (1♂), 22.x.1967 (1♂ 1♀), Brothers ( AMGS) ; 2♂ Grahamstown, Hilton , 22–31.xii.1979, Gess, Malaise ( AMGS) ; 6♂ 9♀ Grahamstown, Hilton , 5 xi (2♂ 4♀), 19 xi (1♀), 9 xii.1969 (1♀), 9 x.1972 (1♀), 9 xii.1977 (1♀), 2.i.1978 (1♂), 6 xi.1981 (2♂), 6 xii.1985 (1♂ 1♀), Gess ( AMGS) ; 1♀ Constable [33°16'S: 20°18'E], xii.1962, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ 70 km W Laingsburg , 33°16'33"S: 20°07'25"E, 7.xi.1998, Londt, 900 m, macchia vegetation ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Tulbagh [33°17'S: 19°09'E], 17 xii.1962, Theron ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 11♂ 2♀ Willowmore [33°17'S: 23°29'E], 1 xii.1908 (1♂), 5 xi.1909 (1♂), 10 xi.1909 (1♂), xi.1910 (1♂), 15 x.1911 (1♂), 15 xi.1911 (1♂), 10 x.1916 (2♂), 15 x.1916 (1♂), 5 xi.1916 (1♂), xii.1922 (1♀), x.1923 (1♀), 20 xii.1923 (1♂), Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ Willowmore [33°17'S: 23°29'E] Vondeling, x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Willowmore , 5.x.1971, Jacot­Guillarmod ( AMGS) ; 3♀ Slypsteen, Towerwaterkloof, Willowmore [33°17'S: 23°29'E] Dist., x.1938, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 2♀ Grahamstown, Burntkraal [33°17'S: 26°29'E], 4 xii.1967 (1♂), 23.i (1♀), 1 x (1♂), 4 xii.1969 (1♂), Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 6♂ 6♀ Grahamstown, Somerset Heights area , 33°17'52"S: 26°30'44"E, 24 x.2004, Londt, 643 m, rocky Acacia grassland ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 4 km NE Steytlerville, Noorspoort , 33°18'S: 24°23'E, 22.xi.1990, Londt & Whittington, 600 m, hillside ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ Grahamstown, Strowan , [33°18'S: 26°28'E], 27 xi (1♂), 11 xii.1968 (1♂), 12 xi.1969 (1♂), Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 4♂ 4♀ Grahamstown [33°18'S: 26°32'E], 19 xii.1971, Greathead ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Grahamstw [Grahamstown], xi.1940, Marley ( SAMC) ; 2♂ Grahamstown , 29 xi.1964, Brothers ( AMGS) ; 1♂ 2♀ Grahamstown , xii.1954 (1♀), xi.1956 (1♂ 1♀), Martin ( AMGS) ; 1♂ Gamkas Poort [33°19'S: 21°43'E], x.1937 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 3♀ Witzenberg Vall [Valley 33°20'S: 19°30'E], Ceres District , 21–23 xii.1920, Turner, 3500 ft [c. 1065 m] ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Witzenberg Vall , 19.i.1921, Turner, 3000 ft [c. 920 m] ( BMNH) ; 1♂ 13 mi [c. 21 km] NE Touws River [33°20'S: 20°02'E], 26 x.1928, Turner ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ Touws R. [33°20'S: 20°02'E], 16 x.1966, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ 8 mi [c. 13 km] NE Touws R. [River, 33°20'S: 20°02'E], xii.1962, S.A.M. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ National Road 22 mi [c. 35 km] from Touws River [33°20'S: 20°02'E], 3 x.1964, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Bloutoring Sta [Station 33°20'S: 20°19'E], 30mi [c. 48km] E Touws R., xii.1962,SAM( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Rooinek Pass [33°20'S: 20°55'E], x.1952, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Bosluis Pass [33°21'S: 21°30'E], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 4♀ Ceres [33°22'S: 19°19'E], xii.1920, Turner, 1500 ft [c. 457 m] ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 8♂ 9♀ Ceres , xi.1920, Turner ( BMNH) ; 33♂ 52♀ Upper Sources Olifants River, Ceres [33°22'S: 19°19'E], xii.1949, Mus Exp ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Junction of Calvinia–Sutherland Rd nr Inverdoorn, Ceres [33°22'S: 19°19'E], 2–3 x.1959, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 7♀ Matroosberg [33°23'S: 19°40'E] Sta [station], xii.1962, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Ceres Div Matroosberg , i.1917, Lightfoot, 3500 ft ( SAMC) ; 2♀ Ghwarriepoort River , 18 km SW Willowmore, 33°23'S: 23°23'E, 22 xi.1990, Londt & Whittington, 900 m ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Meirings Poort [Meiringspoort, 33°24'S: 22°34'E], x.1937, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Suurvlakte Kluitjieswan /FR [illegible] Wolseley [33°25'S: 19°12'E], 23. xi.1972, Geertsema ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Malmesbury [33°27'S: 18°44'E], 5 xii.1926, Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ Schoemans Poort [Schoemanspoort, 33°27'S: 22°15'E], x.1938, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ nr Addo [33°27'S: 25°45'E], 15 x.1959, Greathead ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ Modder R. [33°28'S: 18°21'E], xi.1939, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Ladismith [33°29'S: 21°16'E], ix.1948, Jacot­Guillarmod ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Addo Elephant Park, Spekboom Trail , 33°31'05"S: 25°45'43"E, 4 xi.1998, Leftwich 125 m, ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 3♀ Oudtshoorn Dist [33°35'S: 22°12'E], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Oudtshoorn [33°35'S: 22°12'E], 1.ix.1909, Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Rust en Vrede, Oudtshoorn Dist [33°35'S: 22°12'E], x.1951, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ 2♀ Worcester [33°36'S: 19°34'E], ix.1928 (2♂), 3–4 x.1928 (1♂), xii.1933 (2♀), Turner ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Worcester [33°36'S: 19°34'E], ix.1928, Turner ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ Worcester , x.1923 (1♂), xi.1951 (2♂) ( NMSA) ; 2♂ Worcester , 33°37'S: 19°25'E, 5 x. (1♂), 6 x.2000 (1♂), Gess ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 7♂ 9♀ Karoo Botanic Garden, Worcester , 33°37'S: 19°27'E, 5 x.1993, Londt, 210 m, macchia ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♀ 18 mi [c. 29 km] E Touws R to Hondewater [33°39'S: 20°46'E], xii.1962, SAM ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 11♂ 1♀ Uniondale Dist. [33°39'S: 23°08'E], x.1952, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Hex Riv [33°41'S: 19°27'E] ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Hex R., 2.i.1883 ( SAMC) ; 3♂ 1♀ Van Wyks Dorp [33°44'S: 21°28'E], x.1957 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Haarlem [33°44'S: 23°19'E], Langekloof, xi.1953, Stuckenberg ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 13♂ 26♀ Oudtshoorn, Zebra [Siding, 33°45'S: 22°19'E], x.1951, Mus Expd ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Patiente [Patensie, 33°46'S: 24°49'E], Humansdorp, x.1938, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 4♀ Groendal, Uitenhage [33°46'S: 25°24'E], x.1938, Mus. Staff ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ 1?, Montagu [33°47'S: 20°07'E], x.1919, Barnard ( SAMC, 1♀ BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Montagu , x–xi.1919 ( BMNH) ; 2♂ 1♀ Montagu , 1–21 x.1924, Turner ( BMNH) ; 5♂ 3♀ Montagu Nature Garden , 33°47'33"S: 20°07'51"E, 19.x.2005, Londt, 240 m, Succulent Karoo garden on hot N slope ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ Robertson [33°48'S: 19°53'E], 25 x.1942, Anderssen ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ Oudtshoorn district, Moeras River Farm (209), 33°48'S: 22°03'E, ix.2007, Davies, 525 m, dry Karoo scrub with flowers ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Algoa Bay [33°50'S: 25°50'E], 27 xi.1895, Brauns ( ZSMC) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ P [Port] Elizabeth, Swartkops [33°52'S: 25°36'E], 21 xii.1922, Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 2♀ Vrolijkheid Nature Reserve , 33°54'55"S: 19°53'37"E, 20 x.2005, Londt, 234 m, dry succulent rocky hillside, Rooikat trail ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 2♂ 1♀ French Hoek [Franschhoek, 33°55'S: 19°07'E] 40 mi [c. 64 km] from Cape Town, xi–xii.1930, Simmonds ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 8♂ 3♀ Vrolijkheid Nature Reserve , 33°55'20"S: 19°53'00"E, 20 x.2005, Londt, 143 m, Acacia , Rhus scrubland on Heron trail ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Cloetes Pass [33°57'S: 21°47'E], x.1937 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ George [33°58'S: 22°27'E] Dist., x.1931, Thorne ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Van Stadens Riv Mouth, 33°58'S: 25°14'E, 22 xii.1986, Mansell ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Somerset Strand [suburb of Port Elizabeth, 33°58'S: 25°35'E], 1 xi.1915, Brauns ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 5♂ 3♀ Good Hope Farm c. 35 km SW Robertson, 33°59'13"S: 19°36'00"E, 21–23 x.2005, Londt, 380 m, Protea , Dodonaea fynbos ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ 10 km NE Muizenberg , 3418AB, 28 xi.1981, Stuckenberg, coastal macchia ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 2♀ Strandfontein, Groot­Sandleegte , 3418BA, 10–12 x.1977, Miller ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 2♀ 5 km SW Swellendam, 3420AB, 24.ix.1979, Londt, rocky slope above Breede River ( NMSA) ; 1♂ 1♀ Faure [34°01'S: 18°44'E], 13 xi.1971, Bayliss ( AMGS) GoogleMaps ; 1♀ Tradouw Pass, Swellendam Dist. [34°02'S: 20°26'E], xi.1925, Mus. Exped. ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 20 km SW Stellenbosch , 34°04'S: 18°43'E, 30.x.1991, Londt, 0 m, coast near Swartklip ( NMSA) GoogleMaps ; 8♂ 9♀ Strandfontein [34°05'S: 18°33'E], False Bay , 1 xi.1960 ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ R Sonder End, Oudebosch [34°05'S: 19°47'E], xi– xii.1928, Barnard, 1500 ft ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 3♂ Mossel B [ Bay , 34°11'S: 22°08'E], 1896, Overbeek ( SAMC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Bot River [34°13'S: 19°12'E], 11 xi.1933, Ogilvie ( BMNH) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ 1♀ 15 km N Agulhas , 34°43'S: 20°01'E, 16 xi.1982, Eardley ( SANC) GoogleMaps ; 1♂ Cap [unknown locality], 1837, Ludwig ( SMNS) .

Distribution, phenology ( Table 3 View TABLE 3 ) and biology: The species is widely distributed ( Fig. 65 View Fig ), ranging from southern Namibia, down the west coast of South Africa (Northern and Western Cape Provinces) and eastwards through to the Eastern Cape Province. There are a few records that appear improbable (e.g. Rustenburg in North West Province and Pietermaritzburg in KwaZulu-Natal!) and these specimens may have been mislabelled. In addition there are a few localities from which only female specimens are known. Difficulties in separating the females of andrenoides and platygaster means that some distribution points provided for andrenoides could actually belong to platygaster (and vice versa). The species is active in the adult stage during late winter, spring and summer (July–February) although the majority of collections were made between September and December. Some specimens have been pinned together with prey items. The 20 records available to me are as follows (sex of asilid bracketed): Coleoptera : Buprestidae (♀), Coccinellidae (♀), Dermestidae (♂), Melyridae (♀), Scarabaeidae (3♂ 3♀); Diptera : Muscidae (♂); Hemiptera : Lygaeidae (♂), Pentatomidae (♂); Isoptera: Hodotermitidae (3♂ 2♀); Orthoptera : Tridactylidae (2♂). Although Scarabaeidae and Hodotermitidae dominate the sample, it is probable that andrenoides , like many other asilids, is a generalist.

Similar species: A. andrenoides can be confused with platygaster and, in a few instances, large specimens of dorsalis – especially when female specimens are involved. Although male hypandria are largely withdrawn, it is usually possible to separate the males of these species using the appearance of the distal parts of this organ.