Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb & Barros, 2006

Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb & Barros View in CoL

( Figs 45 A–D View FIGURE 45 , 46 A–D View FIGURE 46 , 47 View FIGURE 47 )

Tabanus pseudonebulosus Gorayeb & Barros, 2006: 213 View in CoL , figs. 1–13 (description); Barros & Foil, 2007: 381 ( Tabanidae View in CoL seasonality); Henriques et al., 2012: 278 (cat. corrections); Krolow & Henriques, 2017: 4 (list of species); Koller et al., 2019: 1393–1395, table 1,2 (list of species); Oliveira et al., 2022: 9, figs. 4 E (list of species); Henriques et al., 2023: Supplemental table (Amazon biogeography).

Distribution: Venezuela (Guarico, Aguaio, Santa Elena, Palmarito), Brazil (Pará, Amazonas, Tocantins, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais (new record), and Goiás (new record), and Bolivia.

Type-locality: Brazil, Pará, Santana do Araguaia.

Diagnosis: Medium to moderately large sized specimens (10.6–17.4 mm). Frons narrow (FI: 4.5–5.8), convergent at base (DI: 1.15–1.35). Palpus ranges from longer than half of the stylets to smaller than half of the stylets. Postpedicel short and wide, always as high as long. Scutum and scutellum brown with gray pruinosity. Wing usually hyaline or with weak clouds on the crossveins and at the fork of vein R 4+5 or slightly tinged at the end of cells br and bm. Abdomen yellowish-brown with a dorsomedial black integumental stripe (tergite 2 to 7), dorsomedial triangles and dorsolateral pale setulose spots when well-preserved.

Remarks: Tabanus pseudonebulosus is another highly variable species, with large range of body size, palpus length and some differences in wing patterns. In some cases, it is difficult to distinguish T. pseudonebulosus from T. nebulosus and T. importunus , especially in poorly preserved specimens (see discussion below). Gorayeb & Barros (2006) present a character table to differentiate these three species. T. pseudonebulosus differs by having a short and wide postpedicel (as high as long), wing hyaline or with weak clouds on the crossveins and at the fork of vein R 4+5, and a smaller size, compared to the other two species. Analyzing paratypes from MZUSP, it was observed that the palpus of some specimens of T. pseudonebulosus is short and inflated, as in T. importunus , not mentioned in the original description. This was the main feature used here to identify T. importunus . Material examined from Goiás, Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros (25♀), and from Minas Gerais, Chapada Gaúcha, Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas (1♀) showed specimens of T. pseudonebulosus with some overlap of features seen in T. importunus : wing slightly tinged at the end of cells br and bm and below the pterostigma and extremely short palpus (less than half of the stylets). The postpedicel, however, in T. pseudonebulosus was always short and wide. The male is similar to the female, except for the reduced mouthparts, slender antenna (the ventral angle found in female lacking in males), more setulose, holoptic eyes with the facets well-demarcated, and the largest ones occupy the upper half of the eyes. This species is recorded for the first time for the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais for the first time. The species has a wide distribution in South America and is another case that would be interesting to address with an integrative taxonomy approach.

Examined material: BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto & Lara cols. [4♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♂, 1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’08”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 1, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♂] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 15°10’29.6”S 45°43’17.6”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°44’06”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 15°10’29.6”S 45°43’17.6”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 2, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 17.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 31.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♂] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’04”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado queimado [Burned cerrado], 14°07’44”S 47°44’04”W, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 03.vii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 28.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 14.xii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado   GoogleMaps [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [Photographed] [1♂] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros   GoogleMaps , Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 14°08’36”S 47°46’07”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso   GoogleMaps de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°44’00”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 4, Perioto & Lara cols. [7♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°43’97”W, 11.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto & Lara cols. [3♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’44”S 47°43’97”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto & Lara cols. [2♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°43’97”W, 14.viii.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♂] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, GO [Goiás], Alto Paraíso de Goiás, P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, Cerrado Queimado [Burned Cerrado] 14°07’43”S 47°43’97”W, 09.x.2018, Malaise, Ponto 5, Perioto & Lara cols. [3♀] [ MZUSP]; SISBIOTA CNPq FAPESP [On the lateral of the label], BRASIL, MS [Mato Grosso do Sul], Corumbá, Base de Estudos do Pantanal   GoogleMaps , 19°34’11.5” S 57º01’8.6” W, Malaise 1, 18.x.2011, Lamas eq. col. / 03–18.x.2011 [Photographed] [1♀] [ MZUSP]; BRAZIL, MG [Minas Gerais], Chapada Gaúcha, P. N. Grande Sertão Veredas, Cerrado   GoogleMaps , 15°10’30.6”S 45º43’16.6”W, 25.ix.2018, Malaise, Ponto 3, Perioto & Lara cols. [1♀] [ MZUSP].