Agoniates anchovia, Eigenmann, 1914

Autapomorphies of Agoniates anchovia View in CoL :

1. Position of ventromedial opening of posttemporal fossa (9): (0> 1) bordered entirely by epioccipital. Paralleled in node 163.

2. Dorsal expansion of rhinosphenoid (48): (1> 0) absent. Paralleled in nodes 201, 212, and 300.

3. Ventral extent of third infraorbital (64): (1> 0) reaching horizontal arm of preopercle. Reversal of synapomorphy 3 of node 180. Paralleled in the Heterocharacinae and Iguanodectinae , in nodes 184, 198, 225, and 302, and in Brycon pesu , Hasemania nana , Markiana nigripinnis , Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae , Pseudochalceus kyburzi , Roeboexodon geryi , and Stichonodon insignis . Some trees: Reversed in node 292.

4. Contact between supraorbital and sixth infraorbital (71): (1> 0) absent. Reversal of synapomorphy 2 of node 177.

5. Opening of epiphyseal laterosensory canals (86): (0> 1) canals continue dorsomedially in soft tissue, opening over or just lateral to the cranial fontanel.

6. Form of anterior portion of ectopterygoid (157): (0> 1) slender and articulating only to lateral margin of palatine, and lacking ligaments to neurocranium. Paralleled in the Alestidae , in node 170, and in Attonitus ephimeros .

7. Contact between lamella on anterior portion of first basibranchial with lamella on posterior portion of second basibranchial (183): (1> 0) absent.Reversalofsynapomorphy 7 of node 177.

8. Lateral base of gill rakers on first ceratobranchial (199): (1> 0) slender. Reversal of synapomorphy 9 of node 177.

9. Development of transverse process of neural arch of third vertebra (219): (0> 1) well developed and extending beyond anterior margin of tripus. Paralleled in node 302, and in Cyanocharax alburnus , Deuterodon langei , Engraulisoma taeniatum , Hemiodus cf. thayeria , Roeboexodon geryi , and Thayeria obliqua. Some trees: Paralleled in Microschemobrycon casiquiare and Parecbasis cyclolepis .

10. Anteriorly directed spine at base of first rib (223): (0> 1) present. Paralleled in the Heterocharacinae . Some trees: Paralleled in node 302.

11. Posterior margin of cleithrum (235): (0> 1) with markedly concave margin, almost forming straight angle. Paralleled in nodes 162, 247, and 253 and in Attonitus ephimeros , Characidium borellii , Iguanodectes geisleri , Moenkhausia cf. intermedia , Prionobrama paraguayensis , and Xenagoniates bondi .

12. Dorsal development of third postcleithrum (251): (0> 1) not projects dorsally to posterior region of scapula. Paralleled in node 192 and in Gymnocharacinus bergii .

13. Articulation between pelvic bones (261): (0> 1) with bony interdigitations between ischiatic processes. Paralleled in node 302 and in Engraulisoma taeniatum .

14. Number of epurals (296): (1> 0) one. Paralleled in Prionobrama paraguayensis .

15. Circulii on posterior field of scales (319): (0> 1) absent. Paralleled in the Gasteropelecidae and in nodes 168 and 206. Some trees: Paralleled in node 302.

16. Posterior attachment of A1 section of adductor mandibulae (332): (0> 1) restricted or almost restricted to horizontal arm of preopercle. Paralleled in the Iguanodectinae , in node 211, and in Aphyodite grammica and Pyrrhulina australis .