Grundulus cochae (Humboldt)

Autapomorphies of Grundulus cochae View in CoL :

1. Anterior articulation of epioccipital bridge (6): (0> 1) only with parietal.Some trees: Paralleled in Paracheirodon axelrodi .

2. Morphology of premaxillary, maxillary, and dentary teeth (118): (1> 0) all teeth conical, caniniform or mamilliform. Paralleled in the Heterocharacinae , in nodes 174, 181, and 211, and in Axelrodia lindeae and Exodon paradoxus .

3. Number of rows of premaxillary teeth (122): (1> 0) one. Paralleled in node 195 and in Aulixidens eugeniae , Carlana eigenmanni , Carnegiella strigata , Odontostoechus lethostigmus , Paracheirodon axelrodi , Piabucus melanostomus , and Probolodus heterostomus .

4. Number of teeth in inner premaxillary row (129): (0> 1) five or more. Reversal of synapomorphy 3 of node 198. Paralleled in nodes 195 and 235.

5. Number of teeth in inner premaxillary row (130): (0> 1) eight or more. Paralleled in the Aphyoditeinae , in node 170, and in Brycon orbignyanus , Prionobrama paraguayensis , and Salminus brasiliensis .

6. Extent of implantation of teeth along maxilla (137): (0> 1) extending across almost entire maxillary lamella. Reversal of synapomorphy 1 of node 202. Paralleled in node 208 and in Hemibrycon surinamensis , Nematobrycon palmeri , and Prodontocharax melanotus .

7. Foramen on articular condyle of quadrate (149): (0> 1) present. Paralleled in nodes 168, 211, and 231 and in Hasemania nana , Hyphessobrycon eques , and Lonchogenys ilisha .