Pseudocorynopoma doriae, Perugia, 1891

Autapomorphies of Pseudocorynopoma doriae View in CoL :

1. Relative length of pterotic spine (46): (1> 0) projected more posteriorly than attachment site of ligament from hyomandibula. Reversal of synapomorphy 4 of node 205.

2. Rhinosphenoid (47): (1> 0) absent.Reversal of synapomorphy 2 of the Characidae . Paralleled in nodes 207, 260, 280, and 298 and in Aphyocharax nattereri , Attonitus ephimeros , Brycon orbignyanus , Bryconamericus scleroparius , Hollandichthys multifasciatus , and Salminus brasiliensis .

3. Posterior extent of ventral process of quadrate (151): (0> 1) falling short of posterior margin of symplectic. Paralleled in the Hyphessobrycon luetkenii clade and Iguanodectinae , in nodes 284, 289, and 298, and in Astyanax mexicanus , A. cf. rutilus , Aulixidens eugeniae , Cyphocharax spilotus , Diapoma speculiferum , Hemiodus cf. thayeria , Metynnis maculatus , Micralestes stormsi , Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae , Nematocharax venustus , Probolodus heterostomus , and Psellogrammus kennedyi . Some trees: Paralleled in node 302.

4. Foramen in posterior region of metapterygoid (168): (1> 2) in form of incomplete arch, bordered posteriorly by hyomandibula. Reversal of synapomorphy 10 of node 205. Paralleled in Bryconamericus scleroparius .

5. Development of medial lamella of coracoid (238): (0> 1) expanded as a keel. Paralleled in nodes 170 and 302 and in Paragoniates alburnus , Piabucus melanostomus , and Rhaphiodon vulpinus .

6. Second postcleithrum (248): (0> 1) absent. Paralleled in the Gasteropelecidae , in node 302, and in Rhaphiodon vulpinus . 7. Anterior rays of dorsal fin of adult males (268): (0> 1) elongate and reaching posteriorly to position close to adipose fin. Paralleled in Hyphessobrycon elachys .

8. Number of branched anal-fin rays (289): (0> 1) 35 or more. Paralleled in nodes 207 and 212 and in Gymnocorymbus ternetzi , Metynnis maculatus , Piabucus melanostomus , Rhaphiodon vulpinus , Stethaprion erythrops , and Thoracocharax stellatus . Some trees: Paralleled in node 261 and in Markiana nigripinnis .

9. Proximal and medial radials of anal fins (294): (0> 1) fused in most pterygiophores. Paralleled in nodes 184, 208, 218, and 221 and in Psellogrammus kennedyi . Some trees: Paralleled in node 295.

10. Pelvic-fin bony hooks in adult males of species bearing hooks on fins (309): (1> 0) absent. Paralleled in Creagrutus anary , Hyphessobrycon eques , H. luetkenii , Phenacogaster tegatus , and Stethaprion erythrops . Some trees: Paralleled in Markiana nigripinnis and Psellogrammus kennedyi .