Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm.

Ottens-Treurniet, M. A. D. & Welzen, P. C. van, 2016, A revision of the Malesian genus Blumeodendron (Euphorbiaceae), Blumea 61 (1), pp. 64-82 : 73-74

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916X691547

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C62ED33-AB67-3E0E-FFD0-FB1CFF25FE78

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm.
status

 

5. Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. View in CoL — Fig. 5 View Fig ; Map 4 View Map 4

Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. (1910) View in CoL 463;Koord.(1912) 493;Pax & Hoffm.(1914) 48;Ridl. (1924) 281; M.R.Hend. (1939) 69;Backer & Bakh.f. (1963) 480; Airy Shaw (1963) 348; (1972b) 224; Whitmore (1973) 70, f. 2; Airy Shaw (1975) 59; (1981) 269, f. 3B; (1983) 10; Chayam. (2005) 130; (2007) 611, f. 2. — Mallotus kurzii Hook.f. (1887) View in CoL 427. — Lectotype (designated here): King’s collector 7114 (K), [ Malaysia,] Perak, Larut. (Other syntypes: Helfer KD 5010 (K), Andaman Islands; Anonymous s.n., s.d. (K), [ Malaysia], Perak.)

Blumeodendron verticillatum Merr. (1920) View in CoL 557; (1923) 429; (1929) 157. — Type: FB (Meyer) 2603 ( PNH lost;iso L), Philippines,Luzon, Bataan Prov., Mt Mariveles. ( NY noted Elmer 20815 as type,but this is incorrect,the specimen is not cited by Merrill 1920) .

Blumeodendron sumatranum S. Moore (1925) View in CoL 102. — Syntypes: Forbes 1522 (BM, GH 2 sheets, L 3 sheets), Sumatra, Lampongs, Goenoeng Trang ; Forbes 1563 ( BM?, GH, L 2 sheets), Sumatra , Lampongs, hills NE of Goenoeng Trang ; Forbes 1650a ( BM, GH, L), Sumatra , Lampongs, Penang- goengan.

Blumeodendron cuneatum S. Moore (1925) View in CoL 103. — Type: Forbes 2874 (holo BM; iso A, GH, L 4 sheets), Sumatra, Palembang, Ayer Angat, foot of Kabo volcano.

Trees, to 35 m high, bole to 30 m high, dbh to 60 cm; sometimes slightly fluted at base, flutes c. 1.5 m high, out 50 cm to sometimes a short buttress; flowering branches 4 –22 mm diam, round to sometimes triangular in section below the nodes, internodes up to 18 cm long; terminal bud surrounded by round or triangular axillary buds. Outer bark dark brown to brown-grey to greyish (black), smooth to cracked in irregular pieces to (powdery) scaly, soft to hard, 0.5–6 mm thick; inner bark beefy red outside to (pale) reddish to brown inside, 3–6 mm thick, sap absent to clear; sapwood white, yellow, reddish or brown; heartwood yellowish red to pinkish brown (to rays brown). Leaves always in whorls of 3–5 per node, young ones yellow-green to light green; petiole 1.3–12 cm long, diam of thinnest part 1–4 mm, sordid green to brown, (green-brown to) dark brown when dry, generally darker than stem, basal pulvinus c. 4 mm diam, upper pulvinus larger and mainly developed abaxially; blade (ovate to) elliptic to oblong to obovate, 8.8– 42(–51, see Uses) by 4.4–23.7(–26.5) cm, length/width ratio 1.3–2.5, coriaceous, symmetric, glabrous, dried (dark green to) light brown on both sides, base obtuse to cuneate, margin usually light brown or yellow when dry, flat to revolute, apex acuminate (to cuspidate), extrafloral nectaries often 2, adaxially near base, at both sides along midrib 0–19 and along margin 6–36; venation: marginal vein distinct, secondary nerves (5–) 6–12 pairs, well visible, 2/3 of length of nerves parallel with others, tertiary nerves perpendicular to midrib, hardly visible above, raised beneath, 0.3–0.4 cm apart, higher order nerves reticulate, indistinct. Inflorescences cauliflorous, ramiflorous, axillary and terminal, thyrsoid, almost fasciculate; staminate ones more than 8 together, up to 1.7 cm long, pistillate ones c. 4 together, up to 3 cm long; bracts absent. Flowers yellowish, yellow-green or light green; pedicel 0.4–1 cm long; staminate buds globose, c. 35 per inflorescence, c. 3.9 mm diam. Staminate flowers 7–7.5 mm diam; pedicel c. 10 mm long; sepals 3, 4–5 by 2.2–3.5 mm; disk lobes yellow; stamens 20–25, filaments 2–10 mm long, yellow, anthers 0.75–1 mm long, yellow to later fulvous. Pistillate flowers not seen. Fruits capsular, subglobose, 3.3–5.8 cm wide by 2.8–4.6 cm high, 2–3-locu- lar, dry dark brown; pedicel thickened, c. 1 cm long, c. 6 mm diam, abscission zone in the middle to subapically; sepals usually persistent; disc distinct, drying dark brown; wall 2– 4 mm thick, surface knobbly; margin not or slightly thickened as very low ridges; endocarp enclosing two or more seeds; style very sturdy, at most 1 mm long; stigmas usually persistent, up to 5 mm long, spreading. Seeds bean-shaped, but one end smaller than other, 2.1–2.2 by 1.3–1.6 by c. 1.2 cm, dark brown, attached in middle; sarcotesta yellow.

Distribution — Peninsular Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines (Luzon, Samar).

Habitat & Ecology — Ranging from primary and evergreen forest to logged over and secondary forest (with bamboo); soil: often rich, varying from igneous derived sandy soil to sandy clay to loamy soil to limestone; bedrock once reported as basalt. Altitude: 5–600(–1800) m. Flowering: March–August, November–January; fruiting: March–June, August–December.

Uses — Clemens 51511 is tentatively identified as B. kurzii . It is a single, enormous leaf, c. 51 by 26.5 cm, much larger than all other material of B. kurzii . The label indicates that large leaves are used by the Dusun in N Borneo as rain shelter and to repair leaks in roofs. The seeds are eaten in the Philippines.

Vernacular names — Sumatra: Madanggadjah, Safanggeu bala, Tafanggeu, Tapanggeu delok, Tafanggeu toengo, Tampang. Java: Huru batu. Borneo: Kalimantan: Pelai, Tawiloeng; Sabah: Kulobon (Murut), Medang; Sarawak: Bantas (Iban), Ukut. Philippines: Kabarawang (Samar-Leyte Bisaya).

Note — Typical are the brown drying leaves present in pseudo-whorls: leaves in a whorl but originating at slightly different levels.

FB

Albert-Ludwigs Universität

PNH

National Museum

L

Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch

NY

William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden

BM

Bristol Museum

GH

Harvard University - Gray Herbarium

NE

University of New England

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Malpighiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae

Genus

Blumeodendron

Loc

Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm.

Ottens-Treurniet, M. A. D. & Welzen, P. C. van 2016
2016
Loc

Blumeodendron sumatranum

S. Moore 1925
1925
Loc

Blumeodendron cuneatum

S. Moore 1925
1925
Loc

Blumeodendron verticillatum

Merr. 1920
1920
Loc

Blumeodendron kurzii (Hook.f.) J.J.Sm. (1910)

J. J. Sm. 1910
1910
Loc

Mallotus kurzii Hook.f. (1887)

Hook. f. 1887
1887
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