Ayers, Johnson & Ayers, 2022

6. DIASTATEA VIRGATA Scheidw., Allg. Gartenzeitung (Otto & Dietrich) View in CoL 9: 396. 1841. NEOTYPE, here designated: MÉXICO.

Oaxaca: Teotitlan, Santa Marıa Ixcatlan, aproximadamente 6 km al NNW de Santa Marıa Ixcatlan sobre la brecha a San Pedro Nodon [17.825, -97.156], 28 Oct 1996, J. L. Panero & J. I. Calzada 6778 (neotype: NY!; isoneotypes: TEX!, MEXU!).

Lobelia ramosissima M.Martens & Galeotti, Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Brux. 9(2): 42. 1842. Laurentia ramosissima (M.Martens & Galeotti) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl., Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2(10): 265. 1881. TYPE: MÉXICO. Oaxaca: Cordillera 1840, H. G. Galeotti 1971 (holotype: BR-image!).

Stems 6.2–43.5 cm tall, simple or with few to many ascending branches, 0.4–3.9 mm wide at base, glabrous or minutely hirtellous on the prominent wings. Leaves subsessile or pseudo-petiolate; pseudo-petioles 3–8 mm long, margins winged, ciliate, decurrent into narrow wings on stem; blades green or suffused with purple, base rounded to narrowly cuneate, apex rounded or blunt, tipped with callosity; lowermost blades ovate to lanceolate, 6–28 mm long, 3.5–15 mm wide; middle to upper blades ovate, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, (4.5–) 8.4–55 mm long, (2.2–) 3.8–25 mm wide; margins irregularly serrate to erose with callosities often occurring between teeth; mostly glabrous or with sparsely scattered stiff hairs. Inflorescence weakly to strongly secund with few to 20 flowers per stem; bracts narrowly lanceolate to linear, 2.5–30 mm long, 0.5–15 mm wide, ascending to somewhat appressed. Flowers with pedicels 2–30 mm long in flower, ascending and often bent distally in fruit, glabrous; hypanthium a flattened disc in flower, 0.8–1.3 mm in diameter, 0.3–1.0 mm in length from calyx sinus to attachment point with pedicel, not much expanded in fruit, glabrous; calyx lobes subequal to equal, from one-third to one-half the length of the fruit, linear, 2.1–4.8 mm long in flower, green, purple, or green with purple tip and teeth, margins entire or with 1–2 pair of gland-tipped teeth near the middle, glabrous; corolla purple to purplish-blue, the nectar guides pale yellow with small bright yellow raised projections at throat; tube cylindrical, 6.8–9.7 mm long from calyx sinus to lateral corolla sinus, 0.6–1.3 mm wide at middle; dorsal lobes elliptic, obovate, or oblanceolate, usually with a narrow claw attaching distal portion to deltoid base, 3.3–6.0 mm long, 0.6–1.9 mm wide; ventral lobes oblong to oblanceolate with mucronate tip, (3.8–)4.1–7.5(–8.8) mm long, 1.4–2.8 mm wide; filaments (6.5–) 7.2–10 mm long; anthers 1.2–2.0 mm long, dark purple with downy white covering and short stiff hairs throughout, plus two large and many small white trichomes at apex of ventral anther pair, sometimes with slightly lighter margins between adjacent anthers. Fruits cylindrical sometimes slightly curved at tip, 6.0– 13.2 mm long, 1.2–2.5 mm wide, light brown or purplish-brown; seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, orange to dark orange. Figures 3G, H View FIG , 4H View FIG .

Chromosome Number —2 n 5 14 ( Fig. S5B View FIG ).

Distribution —Well-documented in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and less frequently in Puebla and Guerrero ( Fig. 5 View FIG ).

Notes — McVaugh (1940b) noted in his treatment of the genus that Scheidweiler’ s original material of D. virgata had not been located. Despite this, it does not appear that McVaugh ever chose a neotype for D. virgata . We also conducted searches of herbaria where Scheidweiler’ s collections are known to be deposited, including the National Botanic Garden of Belgium Vascular Plant Herbarium (BR), the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem (B), and the Nationaal Herbarium Nederland at Leiden (L), and did

not locate his original material. Therefore, a neotype for D. virgata has been designated here.

Subspecific taxa are no longer recognized within D. virgata . Diastatea virgata subsp. ciliata has been elevated to specific rank based on both distinct morphological traits and molecular evidence.

Additional Specimens Examined — Mexico. — GUERRERO: Mpio. Chilpancingo, 4.7 mi E of turnoff to Omeapa on highway 93 Tixtla-Chilapa, 26 Oct 1984, Saunders-Scherrer et al. 1440 (MEXU, LL); Mpio. Chilapa, 7 mi W of Chilapa on road (MEX 93) to Chilpancingo, 2.5 mi E of Zoquiapa, 17 33.519’N, 99 15.007’ W, 8 Nov 2006, Ayers et al. 1772 (ASC, IBUG, MEXU, NY). — OAXACA: Distrito de Huajuapan de Leon, Mpio. de Santiago Chazumba: 54 km. al SO. de Tehuacan (Puebla) sobre la carretera a Huajuapan, 2 km. al O. del limite con Puebla, Lat. 18 12’N, Long. 97 40’W, 18 Oct 1979, Wendt et al. 2243 (LL); Alrededores de Monte Alban, Mpio. Monte-Alban, Dto. Centro, 8 Oct 1985, Lopez et al. 722 (MEXU); 18.4 miles SE of Tlacolula, 13 Nov 1980, Fryxell & Lott 3407 (MEXU, MO, NY); Jayacatlan, 4 Nov 1894, Smith 284 (GH); El Paria, Etla, Nov 1898, Conzatti & Gonzalez 904 (GH); Monte Alban, S of Oaxaca City, 14 Oct 1983, Anderson 13126 (NY); 20 km south of Nochixtlan along Highway 190 to Oaxaca, 4 Nov 1973, Breedlove 35859 (MO); North of Jayacatlan along road towards Nacaltepec, 4 Nov 1973, Breedlove 35904 (MO); Monte Alban, near Oaxaca, 30 Oct 1894, Smith 721 (GH, MO); “Vuelta Grande” 9 km al E de Nacaltepec, brecha a La Union, Cuicatlan [17.5, -96.9], 7 Dec 1991, Tovar et al. 6586-b (MO); 1.6 km E of Highway 125 on the road to Guadalupe Cuautepec at km 85 from Tehuacan on Highway 125, 18 Oct 1985, Bartholomew et al. 3092B (GH); Distrito: Etla, Municipio: San Felipe Tejalapa. Loma de la Mina [17.069, -96.890], 17 Oct 2011, Morales 578 (ASC); Distrito: Etla, Municipio: San Felipe Tejalapa. Barranca Boca de Leon [17.072, -96.889], 17 Oct 2011, Morales 532 (ASC); Mun. Tlacolula, 5 km al S de Matatlan, Nueve Puntas, Estacion Microondas, Dec 1980, Ramamoorthy et al. 1188 (MEXU); Mpio. Silacayoapan, Dto. Silacayoapan, 10 km al SE de San Martın del Estado hacia Silacayoapan alrededores del cerro la Cabra [17.55, -98.117], 7 Dec 1992, Colın 14118 (MEXU). — PUEBLA: 65 miles southeast of Izucar de Matamoros (jct. at south end of town), 6 Oct 1984, Lavin 5169 (NY, TEX); 12 miles southeast of Petlalcingo, 7 Nov 1964, Ripley & Barneby 13681 (NY); Rancho San Antonio , 10 km al NW de Molcaxac, Brecha a Huatlatlauca [18.7, -98.0], 15 Oct 1984, Tenorio L. et al. 7681 (MEXU).