Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis ) polymera Alexander, 1933

Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis) polymera Alexander, 1933 View in CoL

Figs 62–65 View Figures 62–65 , 90 View Figures 77–93

Dicranota ( Rhaphidolabis) polymera Alexander, 1933: 537–538, figs 18, 39; Alexander 1954: 292. View in CoL

Type material examined.

Japan • Holotype ♂ (antenna, fore leg, wing and genitalia slide mounted); Kyushu, Mt. Wakasugi ; 15–16 November 1930; T. Esaki et al. leg.; USNM ; Allotype • 1 ♀ (pinned, antenna, wing and two legs slide mounted); Shikoku, Sugitate ; 30 March 1952; F. Takechi leg.; USNM 2012845 About USNM .

Other examined material

(Fig. 90 View Figures 77–93 ). South Korea • 1 ♂ (pinned); # 8, Central National Forest , 18 miles NE Seoul; 28 May 1954; G. W. Byers leg.; USNM • 1 ♂ (pinned); # 12, Hwy. # 20, 8 mi. SW Kangnung; 37.70000°N, 128.78333°E; alt. 587 m; 8 June 1954; G. W. Byers leg.; USNM GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); # 28, Central National Forest , 18 miles NE Seoul; alt. 107–152 m; 22 August 1954; G. W. Byers leg.; SMEK • 1 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); # 39, Central National Forest , 18 miles NE Seoul; alt. 107–152 m; 26 September 1954; G. W. Byers leg.; SMEK • 1 ♂ (pinned); # 39, Central National Forest , 18 miles NE Seoul; alt. 107–152 m; 26 September 1954; G. W. Byers leg.; USNM • 2 ♂ (pinned, genitalia of 1 ♂ in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Masan-myeon, Hwangjeon-ri ; 35.24366°N, 127.48964°E; alt. 101 m; 8 May 2013 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♀ (pinned); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.26580°N, 127.58128°E; alt. 378 m; 10 May 2013; S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (in ethanol); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.26580°N, 127.58128°E; alt. 378 m; 12 May 2013 (2); V. Podeniene leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 2 ♂ (in ethanol); Gyeonggi-do, Gapyeong-gun, Buk-myeon, Hwaak-ri ; 37.98402°N, 127.52676°E; alt. 579 m; 20 August 2014 (2); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.27177°N, 127.57146°E; alt. 490 m; 24 April 2015 (4); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned), 14 ♂, 4 ♀ (in ethanol); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.28589°N, 127.55605°E; alt. 773 m; 30 April 2015 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned, genitalia in microvial with glycerol on same pin); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.27177°N, 127.57146°E; alt. 490 m; 2 May 2015 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.27177°N, 127.57146°E; alt. 490 m; 28 June 2015 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (pinned); Gangwon-do, Pyeonchang-gun, Jinbu-myeon , Dongsan-ri , Odaesan National Park ; 37.73767°N, 128.59166°E; alt. 730 m; 6 July 2015 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 1 ♀ (pinned); Gyeonggi-do, Yangju-si, Jangheung-myeon, Uldae-ri ; 37.74258°N, 127.00329°E; alt. 162 m; 19 October 2018; A. Petrasiunas leg.; stream margin; NRC GoogleMaps • 1 ♂ (in ethanol); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Toji-myeon, Naeseo-ri , Jirisan National Park , Piagol valley ; 35.27333°N, 127.56924°E; alt. 546 m; 25 June 2019 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps • 2 ♂ (in ethanol); Jeollanam-do, Gurye-gun, Gwangui-myeon, Nogodan-ro ; 35.29250°N, 127.49548°E; alt. 696 m; 28 June 2019 (1); S. Podenas leg.; NIBR GoogleMaps ; Japan • 1 ♀ (pinned, antenna, wing, fore and hind legs slide mounted); Honshu, Kurokawa-Echigo [ Niigata prefecture, Tainai City, Kanomata River in Kurokawa]; 18 July 1954; K. Baba leg.; USNM 2012845 About USNM • 1 ♂ (pinned, wing, fore leg and genitalia slide mounted); Honshu, Kurokawa-Echigo ; 15 October 1954; K. Baba leg.; USNM 2012845 About USNM • 1 ♀ (wing and hind leg slide mounted); Shikoku, Kuroson, Tosa ; alt. 300–400 m; 29 April 1956; T. Yano leg.; USNM .

Redescription.

General body colouration dark brown to dark grey (old museum specimens could be paler). Body length of male ~ 6.0, of female 6.8–9.0 mm. Wing length of male 7.0– 7.9 mm, of female 7.7–9.5 mm.

Head. Dark grey, narrowly paler along eye margin, somewhat bluish caudally, silvery frontally, covered with semi-erect dark brown setae. Eyes widely separated, distance between them at base of antennae slightly exceeds length of scape. Tubercle on vertex low, with narrow darker line along middle. Antenna (Fig. 62 View Figures 62–65 ) medium-long, reaching beyond frontal margin of prescutum, if bent backwards, 1.5 mm long both in male and female. Scape long, nearly cylindrical, 2.5 × as long as pedicel, dark brown, covered with sparse greyish pruinosity and bearing few erect setae on dorsal surface. Pedicel subglobular, brown, bearing few short dark setae. Flagellum black, 15 - segmented. Basal flagellomere elongate, widening distally, 1.5 × as long as second segment, succeeding flagellomeres elongate, barrel-shaped. Apical flagellomere relatively large, approximately as long as preceding segment. Longest verticils nearly as long as respective flagellomeres. Rostrum black. Palpus dark brown with blackish setae. Labellum large, brown, sparsely dusted with grey.

Thorax. Pronotum dark brown dorsally and grey laterally, covered with erect brown setae medially. Presutural scutum dark bluish grey with three dark brown stripes. Medial stripe distinct, nearly reaching suture caudally, separated longitudinally by paler line along middle in Japanese specimens, such line is missing in Korean specimens. Lateral stripe less distinct, short, nearly reaches pseudosutural fovea frontally, extends to suture caudally. Scutal lobe grey with diffuse darker area in the middle, reaching caudal end of lateral scutal stripe. Area between scutal lobes brownish. Scutellum greyish brown with yellowish lateral margin, covered with erect setae. Mediotergite brown, greyish frontally, yellowish caudally. Pleuron bluish grey, semi-polished, with slightly darker ventral area of katepisternum. Dorsopleural membrane pale grey. Wing (Fig. 63 View Figures 62–65 ) long and narrow, 3.9 × as long as wide, distinctly brownish, paler at base, iridescent. Stigma distinct, elongate, brown. Indistinct darker area surrounds origin of Rs, cord, cubital and anal veins, narrowly darkened also distal wing margin and base of anal angle. Veins brown, yellowish at wing base. Venation: Sc long, reaching proximal margin of stigma. Cross-vein sc-r distinctly closer to base of Rs than to humeral vein, sometimes missing, like in Fig. 63 View Figures 62–65 . Rs longer than in most Rhaphidolabis , 3 × as long as m-cu, slightly arched. Free end of R 1 very short, shorter than R 2. Vein R 2 transverse. Distal portions of R 3, R 4, R 5 and M 1 straight, parallel to each other. Cell r 3 with short stem. Discal cell missing due to reduction of vein m-m. Cell m 1 rather long, its stem only 1.6 × as long as cell itself. Cross-vein m-cu less than its own length beyond branching point of M. Vein CuP straight, A 1 slightly arched before wing margin. Anal angle large, widely rounded. Stem of halter pale with yellowish base. Knob dark brown with pale base. Length of male and female halter 1.2 mm. Coxae obscure yellow, covered with erect yellow setae, denser on fore coxa. Trochanters yellow with narrowly blackened distal margin. Femora brown with yellowish bases and slightly darkened apices, tibiae yellowish brown with slightly darkened apices, basal tarsomeres brown, distal tarsomeres dark brown. Male femur I: 5.4 mm long, II: 5.5 mm, III: 5.9 mm, tibia I: 5.4 mm, II: 5.2 mm, III: 5.7 mm, tarsus I: 5.7 mm, II: 5.2 mm, III: 5.4 mm. Female femur I: 4.3–4.5 mm long, II: 5.2 mm, III: 5.2 mm, tibia I: 4.4–4.7 mm, II: 4.4 mm, III: 5.2 mm, tarsus I: 4.2–5.0 mm, II: 4.8 mm, III: 5.3 mm. Claw brown, just slightly arched.

Abdomen. Semi-polished, dark greyish brown, covered with sparse pale erect setae. Posterior margins of segments pale grey. Male terminalia (Fig. 64 View Figures 62–65 ) yellowish brown. Posterior margin of epandrium widely concave and slightly serrate, densely setose; postero-lateral angle with long curved, rod-shaped lobe that narrows towards distal end. This lobe mistakenly was marked as interbase in original description ( Alexander 1933), true interbase distinctly shorter straight blade with wider base. Gonocoxite short and wide, length just slightly exceeds width, mesal margin swollen at base, apex produced into large slightly curved spine-shaped lobe. Outer gonostylus pale, elongate, round-apexed, fleshy and setose, distal and mesal areas covered with short blackish spinules. Inner gonostylus exceeds in length outer gonostylus, arched, fleshy and setose, mesal surface with longer setae. Aedeagus short with bifid apex, paramere elongate. Ovipositor (Fig. 65 View Figures 62–65 ) yellow with yellow tenth tergite. Base of cercus and hypogynial valve slightly infuscated. Cercus slightly arched, blunt apexed. Hypogynial valve straight, narrowing towards apex, dorsal margin with set of long strong setae.

Elevation range.

From 100 m to nearly 800 m.

Period of activity.

Adults fly from late April through to late October in South Korea; they are active from late March to mid-November in Japan.

Habitats.

Adults fly close to springs, small mountainous streams and rivulets, shaded by mixed forests and shrubs with sparse grassy vegetation along the margins. Males sometimes seen fly around tree trunks even further from the water, probably in search of females. This species was not attracted to light even in places where it was collected with nets during the day.

General distribution.

South Korea, Kyushu and Shikoku islands of Japan.

Remark.

This species is recorded from the Korean Peninsula for the first time.