GLANIDIINI CALEGARI, VARI & REIS, 2019

TRIBE GLANIDIINI CALEGARI, VARI & REIS TRIB. NOV. (CLADE 41)

Type genus: Glanidium Lütken, 1874 .

lsid: zoobank.org:act: C20A6ACA-BCA1-445E-98E1- A9556FA43EC2

Included genera: Balroglanis Grant, 2015 , Glanidium Lütken, 1874 and Tatia Miranda Ribeiro, 1911.

Diagnosis: Glanidiini is diagnosed by 22 molecular synapomorphies.

GENUS BALROGLANIS ( GRANT, 2015) (CLADE 42) STAT. NOV.

Centromochlus (Balroglanis) Grant, 2015: 2 (type species: Centromochlus schultzi Rössel, 1962 View in CoL ; by original designation. Gender masculine).

lsid: zoobank.org:act: A6E7310F-02A5-4CB5-9537- 5D73D126D1BF

Included species: Balroglanis carolae ( Vari & Ferraris, 2013) , Balroglanis macracanthus ( Soares-Porto, 2000) and Balroglanis schultzi ( Rössel, 1962) .

Diagnosis: Balroglanis is diagnosed by 19 molecular and three morphological synapomorphies. Non-exclusive: (1) contralateral mandibulae running approximately in parallel (char. 3492: 0 → 1), convergent in Centromochlus ; (2) distal tips of first hypobranchial approximately of the same width, hourglass shaped (char. 3645: 1 → 2), convergent in Trachelyopterini , Tetranematichthys , Centromochlus , Tatia meesi and Tatia intermedia ; and (3) anterior nuchal plate absent (char. 3670: 0 → 1), convergent in Ageneiosini , Gelanoglanini , Duringlanis romani , Pseudepapterus and clade 58 in Tatia .

Comparisons: Balroglanis differs from all centromochlines, except Centromochlus and Duringlanis , by having the eye ventrally displaced, in a way such that almost the entire eye is visible in ventral view (vs. eye not visible, or little visible in ventral view); and except Centromochlus by the outer mental barbel being aligned near to the vertical line of the inner one ( Fig. 1C) (vs. origin of outer mental barbel positioned further laterally relative to the inner, spaced from each other by more than the barbel-base size; Fig. 1D). It further differs from Centromochlus , Gephyromochlus and Glanidium by the lack of an anterior nuchal plate (vs. anterior nuchal plate present); from Tatia (except Tatia intermedia and Tatia simplex ) and Pseudotatia by having the dorsal-fin spine serrated on the posterior border (vs. serrations absent on posterior border of dorsal-fin spine); from Glanidium and Tatia (except Tatia boemia and Tatia jacaratia ) by having the posterior process of cleithrum positioned posteriorly (vs. posterior process of cleithrum dorsally inclined); and from Duringlanis by having the lateral border of the median nuchal plate arched, curved mesially ( Fig. 16B) (vs. lateral border of the median nuchal plate straight; Fig. 16A), ellipsoid anterior fontanel, elongated, surpassing the line of the posterior naris (vs. small, rounded anterior fontanel, not surpassing the line of the posterior naris), the posterior nuchal plate forming an arch in the lateral portion owing to the presence of lateral and posterior projections ( Fig. 16B) (vs. posterior nuchal plate rounded and lacking lateral projection; Fig. 16A), posterior process of epioccipital exposed beyond the lateral border of the median nuchal plate ( Fig. 16B) (vs. spiny posterior process of epioccipital not exposed, covered by the median nuchal plate; Fig. 16A); from Centromochlus by having smaller pectoral-fin spine, less than one-third of SL (vs. pectoral-fin spine long, greater than one-third of SL); from Gelanoglanis by having rounded head, slightly depressed (vs. head laterally compressed); and from Pseudotatia by having fewer anal-fin rays, seven to nine (vs. 15–17 total anal-fin rays).