Lucanus ludivinae flavipes Xin, He, Zhong & Qi, 2024

Lucanus ludivinae flavipes Xin, He, Zhong & Qi , ssp. nov.

( Fig. 1- 4, 9-4, 21, 23 -30, 39 -40, 43- 44, 47- 48, 51-52)

ZooBank:https://zoobank.org/ E1CA8012-C8E9-4486-84A6-F9F57ACCEDBF

Holotype, ♂ ( IZCAS: IOZ (E) 211506), Vietnam, Yên Bái Province, Huyện Tr ạm Tấu City, phú lương Mountain , 21°35'24''N, 104°17'55''E, 2300 -2440 m, 6.V.2024, local collector leg. GoogleMaps

Paratype, 1 ♂ ( CHH), same data as holotype but 19.V.2024 GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. – The new subspecies is similar to the nominotypical subspecies in general appearance, but the following set of characters will help to recognize L. ludivinae flavipes Xin, He, Zhong & Qi , ssp. nov. precisely from the nominotypical subspecies:

1) all tibiae with reddish-brown stripes, rather than all tibiae almost black ( Fig. 12-14, 18-20);

2) elytra clearly maroon and without visible pubescence, rather than black to brown and with visible short pubescence( Fig.21-22);

3) each mandible usually with 3-5 (n=2) inner teeth, instead of usually with 7-9 (n=7) inner teeth ( Fig.9, 15);

4) the ventral vestiture onthe new subspeciesmore abundant thannominotypical subspecies ( Fig.2, 4, 6, 8).

Description of the holotype ( Fig. 1-2)

Dimensions.

– Body length (41.6 mm).

– Length of particular body parts (mm) head (6.5) mandible (11.1) pronotum (6.6) elytra (19.3).

– Width (mm) head (10.5) pronotum (10.8) elytra (13.7).

Habitus ( Fig. 1 -2). – Head, pronotum, scutellum and ventral side blackish; mandibles and elytra maroon; protibia in dorsal view with a hint of brown and in ventral view reddish-brown, mesotibia and metatibia reddish-brown; all femora black with more or less reddish-brown stripe. Whole body with a certain luster; basal mandible, headandpronotum covered withyellow pubescence;elytranearly smooth;ventralsurface of bodywith longanddense yellow pubescence, pubescence on thorax and head obviously longer than abdomen but less dense.

Head. – Transverse.Anterior ridge raised at lateral sides and not obviously raised at middle. Lateral ridges narrowed inwards in the front half and strongly extended in posterior half, forming prominent rounded angles at lateral posterior corners. Canthus ( Fig. 11) robust, dividing about 1/3 of the eye. Clypeolabrum ( Fig. 10) subpentagonal, fused with frons, indistinct defined by a transverse suture; proximal sharp forward, with a noticeable protrusion on the middle of surface. Mandible ( Fig. 9) about 1.7 times longer than head, more incurved behind the apex, apical fork with upper tooth significantly longer than lower one; major inner tooth(basal tooth) brawny and short, placed at on basal thrid of the mandible, with truncate apex; major inner tooth preceded by 4 independent smaller teeth. Antennal club with 4 antennomeres; antennomere 7 slender and sharply pointed apically; antennomeres 8-10 lamellate.

Pronotum. – Transverse, 1.6 times wider than long, widest at basal third. Anterior margin slightly extending to the front at midline; anterior angle sharp and directed forwards. Lateral margins protrudent outwards slightly. Posterior margin weakly bisinuate, posterior angles sharp.

Scutellum. – Subtriangular, punctate, 1.5 times wider than long.

Legs. – Protibia( Fig. 12) with 4blunt protuberances along outer margin,

1 spur at apex; apex bifurcate with branches sharp at tip. Mesotibia ( Fig. 13) with 3 oblique spines ever-larger from base to apex along outer margin besides terminal spines, 2 spurs at apex. Metatibia ( Fig. 14) with 3 small oblique spines that ever-larger from base to apex along outer margin besides terminal spines, with 2 spurs at the apex.

Elytra. – Elongate, 1.4 times longer than wide, the anterior margin of elytra wider than pronotum. Elytral surface without visible pubescence.

Abdomen and aedeagus. – Abdominal tergite 8 (Fig. 23) with poorly defined lateral angles, a crack from the base along the midline to half of tergite. Abdominal ventrite 8 (Fig. 24) with a transverse indistinct membranous area in the middle of base, posterior margin thickening of sclerotization and weakly protrudedat middle. Ventralplate of the abdominal segment 9 (Fig. 26) with a distinct membranous stripe, moderately widened behind apex and constricted towards the base.Aedeagus ( Fig. 39, 43, 47, 51) in dorsalviewabout2.0 times longerthanwide.Basal pieceelongated, nearly1.7timeslonger than parameres in dorsal view, without pair of sclerotized dorsal plates; ventral plate at apical end of basal piece membranous. Paramere with small basal process, apex of paramere upcurved. Penis slightly shorter and wider than paramere in ventral view. Flagellum rather long, about 2.4 times longer thanaedeagus, apex of the flagellum not enlarged.

9 - 14, 21. L. ludivinae flavipes Xin, He, Zhong & Qi , ssp. nov. 15- 20, 22. L. ludivinae ludivinae Boucher, 1998 . 9, 15. Mandible. 10, 16. Clypeolabrum. 11, 17. Canthus. 12, 18. Protibia. 13, 19. Mesotibia. 14, 20. Metatibia. 21- 22. Elytral surface.

Fig. 23-38. Male abdominal tergite VIII ( 23, 27, 31, 35), abdominal ventrite VIII ( 24, 28, 32, 36) and abdominal segment IX ( 25-26, 29-30, 33-34, 37-38) of Lucanus ludivinae subspecies (Scale = 1 mm).

23-30. L. ludivinae flavipes Xin, He, Zhong & Qi , ssp. nov. 23-26. Holotype. 27-30. Paratype. 31-38. L. ludivinae ludivinae Boucher, 1998 . 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37. Dorsal view. 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38. Ventral view.