Parkermavella daidokutsuensis, Martino & Rosso & Taylor & Chiu & Fujita & Kitamura & Yasuhara, 2025

Parkermavella daidokutsuensis sp. nov. Di Martino, Rosso and Taylor

Figure 34 View FIGURE 34

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Type material. Holotype PMC. B60. 29.7.2024 a, sample 19113 ( Figure 34A–C View FIGURE 34 ); paratype PMC. B60. 29.7.2024 b1, sample 19135 ( Figure 34D–G View FIGURE 34 ); paratype PMC. B60. 29.7.2024 b2, sample 19160 ( Figure 34H–J View FIGURE 34 ); Core 19, Daidokutsu cave, Okinawa, Japan, Holocene.

Etymology. Referring to the type locality, the Daidokutsu cave in Okinawa, Japan.

Diagnosis. Parkermavella with irregularly polygonal autozooids; nodular frontal shield with single row of marginal areolae; semicircular orifice with rectangular condyles and narrow, shallow Ushaped sinus; 8–9 oral spine bases, two visible in ovicellate zooids; 1–2 adventitious avicularia, elliptical parallel-sided or slightly spatulate, either placed laterally to orifice at different levels, aligned with the sinus or situated more distally, or suborally, located on raised cystid, directed proximally, proximolaterally or laterally; crossbar with ligula; ooecium smooth, striated, pseudoporous with a narrow distal band of secondary calcification.

Description. Colony encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar. Autozooids distinct, separated by thin sutures of smooth calcification or shallow furrows, irregularly polygonal, squat, almost as long as wide (mean ZL/ZW 1.06), arranged in parallel rows. Frontal shield flat or slightly convex, nodular, imperforate apart from a continuous row of marginal areolar pores, circular to elliptical, 15–30 µm in maximum dimension. Orifice terminal with semicircular anter and narrow, shallow U-shaped sinus distally constricted; condyles rectangular occupying the proximal margin entirely; 8–9 oral spine bases, 12–16 µm in diameter, closely spaced or adjacent, forming an arch around the distal half of the anter; two spines visible in ovicellate zooids. Avicularia adventitious, elliptical, single or paired, placed laterally to orifice at various levels, aligned with the sinus, or more distally, aligned with the proximalmost pair of spines, or sometimes suborally, particularly when single, generally placed more centrally but still offset from the zooidal axis, elevated on a raised cystid; rostrum raised, parallel-sided or slightly spatulate, directed proximally, proximolaterally or laterally; crossbar complete with small, triangular ligula. Ovicell hyperstomial, globular, resting on the frontal shield of distal zooid, occupying a narrow portion thereof; ooecium smooth, striated, evenly perforated by circular, elliptical, rarely bean-shaped pseudopores, 7–26 µm in maximum diameter, typically larger distally, bordered by a raised margin, arranged radially; tubercular secondary calcification forming a narrow (20–30 µm wide) peripheral band, more pronounced distally.

Measurements (µm). ZL 361±54, 278–451 (3, 20); ZW 341±60, 246–446 (3, 20); OL (including sinus) 95±6, 83–107 (3, 15); OW 92±5, 82–102 (3, 15); AvL 49±5, 34–55 (3, 20); AvW 32±6, 19–49 (3, 20); OvL 190±10, 174–203 (3, 13); OvW 214±11, 191– 232 (3, 13).

Remarks. Gordon and d’Hondt (1997) introduced the new genus Parkermavella for species resembling Schizomavella but with frontal shields imperforate except for marginal areolar pores. The genus is moderately diverse, encompassing 19 known Recent species (Bock, 2024), with only one species having a confirmed Pleistocene fossil record (Di Martino et al., 2017). The majority of Parkermavella species have been documented in the South Pacific, particularly in New Zealand, with Parkermavella orientalis (Androsova and Gontar, 1982 in Gontar, 1982) being the sole species reported from the North Pacific. Parkermavella orientalis differs from P. daidokutsuensis sp. nov. in the absence of oral spines, in having a wider oral sinus, and avicularia adjacent to the orifice margins.