Poecilimon (Poecilimon) ciplaki, Kaya, 2018

3.10. Poecilimon (Poecilimon) ciplaki View in CoL https://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/847296/overview Kaya, 2018

Poecilimon ciplaki Kaya, 2018: 92; Poecilimon salmani Sevgili, 2018 in Sevgili et al. 2018: 37, syn. n. (https://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/otus/847293/overview). View in CoL

Remarks.

Samples collected from highlands in the west of Antalya Province of Turkey (namely Tahtalıdağ, Ovacık Village, Bakırlıdağ and Uzunkarıştepe), lowlands (namely Fethiye, Dalaman, Ortaca and Marmaris) and the highland (Tuzlabeli-Boncuk Mts.) in south of Muğla Province, and highlands in east / southeast of Denizli Province (Honaz Mt.) were differently identified by Kaya (2018) and Sevgili et al. (2018). Kaya (2018) listed these localities under the new species, P. ciplaki , as two subspecies. However, Sevgili et al. (2018) identified them as three different taxa; (i) the highland populations from Beydağları Mts. (namely Tahtalıdağ Mt. and Ovacık Village) as P. zonatus zonatus Bolivar , (ii) the lowland Ortaca population as the new species, P. salmani Sevgili , and (iii) the Marmaris population as P. zonatus datca Sevgili, Sirin, Heller & Lemonnier-Darcemont. Sequences from these localities constitute a single clade in the phylogenetic tree (Clade IIA). Species delimitations tests suggested 3 to 6 distinct species in the clade and we classified them as four species, two of them polytypic. One of these species, consistently suggested identical by all species delimitation tests, consists of sequences from the lowland plain of Fethiye, Dalaman and Ortaca, which corresponds to the type localities of P. ciplaki ciplaki Kaya and P. salmani Sevgili.

Proposing the population in the lowlands of Fethiye, Dalaman and Ortaca as an identical species suggests P. ciplaki Kaya and P. salmani Sevgili as a single species and requires a nomenclatural change. Kaya (2018) and Sevgili et al. (2018) were published in the same year. The online version of Kaya (2018) appeared on 12 April 2018 and the published version on 15 April 2018. Sevgili et al. (2018) appeared on 3 May 2018. According to the priority rule of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature ( ICZN), Kaya (2018) has priority and thus the new taxon proposed by Sevgili et al. (2018), namely P. salmani Sevgili , constitutes a junior synonym of P. ciplaki Kaya ( Kaya 2018). It should be noted that the type localities of P. salmani and P. ciplaki are very close to each other along the same lowland. Rich illustrative material describing the morphology and song of these populations can be found in Kaya (2018) and Sevgili et al. (2018). However, phenotypic characters should be used with caution, as the phenotypic units defined in the previous studies do not correspond to genetic units (see Discussion section below). This species can be easily distinguished from all others in Clade IIA by the male cercus weakly incurved, with rounded tip and with denticles only at the tip. In addition to typical male cercus, there are unique mutations, detected in the concatenated matrix of COI + ND 2 + VAL by applying a PAUP analysis (File S 1), at the position 456 (T → C), 810 (C → T) 915 (A → T) and 2431 (G → A) defining P. ciplaki as a unique clade.

Song.

Male song exemplified in Sevgili et al. (2018) shows a compact syllable with occasional appearance of an after-click. Our recordings (Fig. 10 View Figure 10 ) revealed much higher complexity with the main part usually followed by two types of impulse groups – one or two high-energy short clicks (with 2–3 impulses), the first or both of which followed by a group of low-energy sparse impulses counting ca. 3–12. The whole complex syllable may thus last up to ca. 200 ms. As the presence and arrangement of distinct syllables varies, the reason why Sevgili et al. (2018) did not notice the same patterrn may be either a result of using short recordings of young males and / or of the properties of the recording equipment. This song structure is a good diagnostic character of the species by which it can be easily distinguished from all other members of the group. Its genetically sister taxon, P. datca stat. nov., is well differentiated by its very simple song of isolated short syllables of 1 to 4 impulses lasting 7–15 ms ( Sevgili et al. 2018 and Table 3 View Table 3 ).

Distribution.

Regarding the above-listed localities ( Kaya 2018; Sevgili et al. 2018) and those given in Table 1 View Table 1 , this species occurs in the lowlands of Fethiye, Dalaman, and Ortaca in the south of Muğla provinces of Turkey.

Material examined.

See population 6 in Table 1 View Table 1 . Regarding new taxonomic rearrangements made here, the distribution of P. ciplaki Kaya requires to be redefined, especially for published localities. Holotypes and paratypes of P. ciplaki (material examined): TURKEY: Muğla, Fethiye, road to Dalaman , N: 36.75000E: 28.90000, 258 m, 14.V.2011, 7 males (including holotype), 7 females (leg. S. Kaya, Z. Boztepe and Ö. Pekter) ( MEVBIL) ; Holotypes and paratypes of P. salmani (other records): TURKEY: Muğla, Dalyan, İztuzu , 36°46'.490"N, 28°39'.575"E, 239 m, 27.05.2002, 10 males, 7 females (leg. H. Sevgili and Y. Durmuş) (in Hacettepe University Zoological Museum ( HUZOM), Ankara, Turkey) ; Ortaca, Dalyan , 36°46'.77"N, 28°38'.22"E, 350 m 13.05.2016, 13 males, 5 females (leg. H. Sevgili) (in alcohol in ODUZOOL, HSC – Ordu University, Zooloji, Zoology Laboratory, Turkey) .