Subepona hungarica, Pacaud & Vicián, 2018

Subepona hungarica View in CoL n. sp.

( Figs 4–15 View Figs 4–15 )

1953 Pustularia moloni (Bayan, 1870) – SZŐTS, p. 181, pl. 6, figs 1–2.

1956 Pustularia moloni (Bayan) – SZŐTS, p. 44.

1966 Cypraea (Proadusta) moloni (Bayan) – STRAUSZ, p. 128.

2009 Proadusta cf. compacta Schilder, 1925 – FEHSE, p. 10, pl. 1, fig. 5.

2009 Proadusta gregorioi (Schilder, 1929) – FEHSE, p. 12, pl. 1, fig. 6.

2009 Proadusta sp. aff. speyeri (Mayer-Eymar, 1894) – FEHSE, p. 14, pl. 2, fig. 1. 2009 Subepona sp. – DOLIN & PACAUD, p. 304. partim 2010 Eopustularia balinka – FEHSE, p. 6, pl. 5, figs 4–5 (non 1–3).

2014 Eopustularia balinka Fehse, 2010 View in CoL – LORENZ, p. 11, fig. 3.

2016 Proadusta gregorioi (Schilder, 1929) – HESSEL, p. 157.

2017 Eopustularia balinka Fehse, 2010 View in CoL – VICIÁN et al., p. 267, pl. 1, figs 5–7. 2018 a Subepona sp. – PACAUD, p. 24.

2018 b Subepona “balinka View in CoL ” Fehse, 2010 – PACAUD, p. 10, Table 1 View Table 1 .

Holotype – MNHN. F.A70304 (Vicián Coll., no. 5687).

Paratypes – MNHN.F. A70305 and A70306 (Vicián Coll., no. 1870 and 5688) , HNHM PAL 2018.21 About HNHM .1. (Vicián Coll., no. 5665), Vicián Coll. (no. 1849, 5674, 5669 and 5685) .

Type locality – Gánt , Gránás , Fejér County ( Hungary).

Type horizon – Lutetian (Middle Eocene).

Dimensions – Table 1 View Table 1 .

Etymology – From his original country.

Other materials examined – Gánt , Gránás ( Hungary), Lutetian, Middle Eocene: Vicián Coll.: 4 specimens : no. 1847, 2027, 2030, 2032; Stichting Schepsel Schelp: Hessel Coll.: 1 specimen, no. 62803; Mecsértelep , Fejér County ( Hungary): Vicián Coll.: 3 specimens : no. 942, 1552 and 7210; Debayeux Coll.: 6 specimens.

Diagnosis – Small Subepona species, with rostrated extremities, coarse labial and weaker columellar teeth. Margins are calloused, sharply edged. Preserved colour pattern under UV light: ventrum and sides whitish, dorsum darker with bright circular dots.

Description – The shell is small, thick, stocky, hemispherical, and high profile, with a smooth surface, strongly marginalized edges and prominent extremities. The maximal dorso-ventral diameter is located in the posterior part of the shell. The ventral sole is slightly convex. The spire is protruding, forming a slight depression limited by the suture of the uncovered last round behind the adapical bridge. The siphonal canal is long, deep and forms a prominent annular bridge, strongly marked, aciculate at its extremities, and clearly distinct from the curve of the shell. The terminal fold, in the form of a thin and sharp blade, is long, straight and extended by a short, inclined internal blade, which is of the same thickness. The aperture is relatively narrow, rectilinear, deviated in its adapical third and with parallel edges. The fossula is small, smooth and has a slightly thickened margin. The columellar area is broad and flattened. The inner lip bears 14 powerful and strong denticles, including the first abapical denticles, which are mostly limited by abrupt angulation, and whose last parietal denticles are developed into long funicles, sometimes to the end of the adapical ridge of the inner edge of the aperture. Its external lip is callous, strongly marginalized, depressed in its former quarter and raised laterally, flattened. It contains 17 powerful denticles, widely spaced, extended on nearly 1/3 of its ventral surface, its exhalant channel is short, broad, weakly deviated adapically and forming a thick, protruding bridge, which is clearly circumscribed by the adapical edge of the internal edge of the aperture. Exposure under UV light shows traces of residual colour pattern ( Figs 12–15 View Figs 4–15 ), which consists of many fluorescent spots on a dark background. They are small, circular in shape, uniform in size, mostly distributed on the flanks and absent from the highest part of the dorsal surface. The intensity of the spots, their size and distribution vary from one individual to another. The dorsal surface has a large dark area. The rest of the shell, ventral side, bridges and flanks, shows a fluorescent light zone.

Remarks – This small-sized species (holotype: 18.0 mm), which much more bulb-shaped than any of its congeners, is characterized by a rare outer lip denticulation, extending over nearly a third of the ventral sole of the external lip and by parietal denticles which develop into long funicules on the inner lip, sometimes reaching the end of the adapical edge of the inner portion of the opening. These characters are sufficient to discriminate it. Subepona moloni (Bayan, 1870) from the Italian lower Lutetian ( BAYAN 1870 a: p. 460, 481; 1870 b: p. 59, no. 83, pl. 9, figs 1–1a; DE GREGORIO 1880: pp. 37–38, pl. 1, fig. 31; DOLIN & PACAUD 2009: p. 284, pl. 4, figs 7–11), with which it was confused by SZŐTS (1953; 1956) and STRAUSZ (1966), differs from Lutetian species of Hungary by its much larger dimensions (the lectotype UCBL-EM 31325, Bayan Coll., copy MNHN.F.A24225 has a height of 30.7 mm), its regularly oval-subglobular shape, by the position of maximal elevation in the central part of the dorsal surface of the shell and by its extremely fine and numerous denticulation (23 denticles on the inner lip, 28 denticles on the outer lip). As discussed above, the holotype [ ZMB Ga.5797.1] and the two paratypes [ ZMB Ga.5797.2 and Ga.5797.3] of Eopustularia balinka Fehse, 2010 from the Bartonian (Middle Eocene) of Roncà ( Italy) show no differences from Subepona antiqua ( Lamarck, 1811) described from the same deposits ( FEHSE 2010: pl. 5, figs.1–3). The Italian species ( Figs 1–3 View Figs 1–3 ) differs from S. hungarica n. sp. by its significantly larger dimensions (the neotype MNHN.F.J04452 has a height of 28.2 mm, the lost syntype from the Faujas de Saint Fond Collection had a height of 29.0 mm), by its pyriform, stockier and more clearly hemispherical curve, by the thicker, more prolonged, more protruding, more clearly deformed and dorsally rolled back adapical end of the inner lip, by its tighter and more numerous denticulation (17 denticles on the inner lip, 22 denticles on the outer lip). The exhalant channel is narrower and more elongate. The adapical end of the outer lip is longer.